- module Control.Monad
- class Monad m => MonadThrow e m where
- throw :: e -> m a
- throwWithSrcLoc :: String -> e -> m a
- class (Monad m, Monad m') => MonadCatch e m m' | e m -> m', e m' -> m where
- catch :: m a -> (e -> m' a) -> m' a
- catchWithSrcLoc :: m a -> ([String] -> e -> m' a) -> m' a
- class (Private l, Exception e) => Throws e l
- data Caught e l
- newtype WrapException l = WrapException {}
- class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e where
- toException :: e -> SomeException
- fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe e
- data SomeException where
- SomeException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
- class Exception e => UncaughtException e
- data NoExceptions
- data ParanoidMode
Documentation
module Control.Monad
class Monad m => MonadThrow e m whereSource
throwWithSrcLoc :: String -> e -> m aSource
Exception e => MonadThrow e IO | |
MonadThrow e m => MonadThrow e (ListT m) | |
Error e => MonadThrow e (Either e) | |
MonadThrow e m => MonadThrow e (StateT s m) | |
(Monoid w, MonadThrow e m) => MonadThrow e (WriterT w m) | |
MonadThrow e m => MonadThrow e (ReaderT r m) | |
(Error e, Monad m) => MonadThrow e (ErrorT e m) | |
(Exception e, Throws e l, Monad m) => MonadThrow e (EMT l m) | |
(Monoid w, MonadThrow e m) => MonadThrow e (RWST r w s m) |
class (Monad m, Monad m') => MonadCatch e m m' | e m -> m', e m' -> m whereSource
catch :: m a -> (e -> m' a) -> m' aSource
catchWithSrcLoc :: m a -> ([String] -> e -> m' a) -> m' aSource
Exception e => MonadCatch e IO IO | |
MonadCatch e m m' => MonadCatch e (ListT m) (ListT m') | |
Error e => MonadCatch e (Either e) (Either e) | |
MonadCatch e m m' => MonadCatch e (StateT s m) (StateT s m') | |
(Monoid w, MonadCatch e m m') => MonadCatch e (WriterT w m) (WriterT w m') | |
MonadCatch e m m' => MonadCatch e (ReaderT r m) (ReaderT r m') | |
(Error e, Monad m) => MonadCatch e (ErrorT e m) (ErrorT e m) | |
(Exception e, Monad m) => MonadCatch e (EMT (Caught e l) m) (EMT l m) | |
(Monoid w, MonadCatch e m m') => MonadCatch e (RWST r w s m) (RWST r w s m') |
class (Private l, Exception e) => Throws e l Source
Throws
is the mechanism used to keep a type level
list of exceptions.
Usually there is no need for the user of this library
to add further instances to Throws
except in one
case: to encode subtyping. For instance if we have
an IOException
type and a FIleNotFoundException
subcase,
we need to add the instance:
instance Throws FileNotFoundException (Caught IOException l)
UncaughtException e => Throws e NoExceptions | |
Exception e => Throws e (Caught SomeException l) |
|
Throws e l => Throws e (Caught e' l) | |
Exception e => Throws e (Caught e l) |
A type level witness of a exception handler.
Exception e => Throws e (Caught SomeException l) |
|
Throws e l => Throws e (Caught e' l) | |
Exception e => Throws e (Caught e l) | |
(Exception e, Monad m) => MonadCatch e (EMT (Caught e l) m) (EMT l m) | |
Private (Caught e l) |
newtype WrapException l Source
WrapException
adds a phantom type parameter l
to SomeException
class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e where
Any type that you wish to throw or catch as an exception must be an
instance of the Exception
class. The simplest case is a new exception
type directly below the root:
data MyException = ThisException | ThatException
deriving (Show, Typeable)
instance Exception MyException
The default method definitions in the Exception
class do what we need
in this case. You can now throw and catch ThisException
and
ThatException
as exceptions:
*Main> throw ThisException catch e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MyException))
Caught ThisException
In more complicated examples, you may wish to define a whole hierarchy of exceptions:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Make the root exception type for all the exceptions in a compiler
data SomeCompilerException = forall e . Exception e => SomeCompilerException e
deriving Typeable
instance Show SomeCompilerException where
show (SomeCompilerException e) = show e
instance Exception SomeCompilerException
compilerExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
compilerExceptionToException = toException . SomeCompilerException
compilerExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e
compilerExceptionFromException x = do
SomeCompilerException a <- fromException x
cast a
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Make a subhierarchy for exceptions in the frontend of the compiler
data SomeFrontendException = forall e . Exception e => SomeFrontendException e
deriving Typeable
instance Show SomeFrontendException where
show (SomeFrontendException e) = show e
instance Exception SomeFrontendException where
toException = compilerExceptionToException
fromException = compilerExceptionFromException
frontendExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
frontendExceptionToException = toException . SomeFrontendException
frontendExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e
frontendExceptionFromException x = do
SomeFrontendException a <- fromException x
cast a
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Make an exception type for a particular frontend compiler exception
data MismatchedParentheses = MismatchedParentheses
deriving (Typeable, Show)
instance Exception MismatchedParentheses where
toException = frontendExceptionToException
fromException = frontendExceptionFromException
We can now catch a MismatchedParentheses
exception as
MismatchedParentheses
, SomeFrontendException
or
SomeCompilerException
, but not other types, e.g. IOException
:
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses catch e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MismatchedParentheses))
Caught MismatchedParentheses
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses catch e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeFrontendException))
Caught MismatchedParentheses
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses catch e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeCompilerException))
Caught MismatchedParentheses
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses catch e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: IOException))
*** Exception: MismatchedParentheses
toException :: e -> SomeException
fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe e
data SomeException where
The SomeException
type is the root of the exception type hierarchy.
When an exception of type e
is thrown, behind the scenes it is
encapsulated in a SomeException
.
SomeException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException |
Show SomeException | |
Typeable SomeException | |
Exception SomeException | |
Exception e => Throws e (Caught SomeException l) |
|
class Exception e => UncaughtException e Source
Uncaught Exceptions model unchecked exceptions (a la RuntimeException in Java)
In order to declare an unchecked exception e
,
all that is needed is to make e
an instance of UncaughtException
data NoExceptions Source
Private NoExceptions | |
UncaughtException e => Throws e NoExceptions |
data ParanoidMode Source
Private ParanoidMode |