Csound.Opcode.Basic

Basic signal processing

Global constants

idur :: D

Reads p3-argument for the current instrument.

zeroDbfs :: D

Reads 0dbfs value.

sampleRate :: D

Reads sr value.

blockSize :: D

Reads ksmps value.

Oscillators and phasors

Standard Oscillators

oscils :: D -> D -> D -> Sig

Simple, fast sine oscillator, that uses only one multiply, and two add operations to generate one sample of output, and does not require a function table.

 ares oscils iamp, icps, iphs [, iflg]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/oscils.html

poscil :: Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

High precision oscillator.

 ares poscil xamp, xcps, ifn [, iphs]
 kres poscil kamp, kcps, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/poscil.html

poscil3 :: Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

High precision oscillator with cubic interpolation.

 ares poscil3 xamp, xcps, ifn [, iphs]
 kres poscil3 kamp, kcps, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/poscil3.html

oscil :: Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

oscil reads table ifn sequentially and repeatedly at a frequency xcps. The amplitude is scaled by xamp.

 ares oscil xamp, xcps, ifn [, iphs]
 kres oscil kamp, kcps, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/oscil.html

oscili :: Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

oscili reads table ifn sequentially and repeatedly at a frequency xcps. The amplitude is scaled by xamp. Linear interpolation is applied for table look up from internal phase values.

 ares oscili xamp, xcps, ifn [, iphs]
 kres oscili kamp, kcps, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/oscili.html

oscil3 :: Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

oscil3 reads table ifn sequentially and repeatedly at a frequency xcps. The amplitude is scaled by xamp. Cubic interpolation is applied for table look up from internal phase values.

 ares oscil3 xamp, xcps, ifn [, iphs]
 kres oscil3 kamp, kcps, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/oscil3.html

Dynamic Sprectrum Oscillators

buzz :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

Output is a set of harmonically related sine partials.

 ares buzz xamp, xcps, knh, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/buzz.html

gbuzz :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> Sig

Output is a set of harmonically related cosine partials.

 ares gbuzz xamp, xcps, knh, klh, kmul, ifn [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/gbuzz.html

mpulse :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Generates a set of impulses of amplitude kamp separated by kintvl seconds (or samples if kintvl is negative). The first impulse is generated after a delay of ioffset seconds.

 ares mpulse kamp, kintvl [, ioffset]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/mpulse.html

vco :: Sig -> Sig -> I -> Sig -> Sig

Implementation of a band limited, analog modeled oscillator, based on integration of band limited impulses. vco can be used to simulate a variety of analog wave forms.

 ares vco xamp, xcps, iwave, kpw [, ifn] [, imaxd] [, ileak] [, inyx] \
     [, iphs] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vco.html

vco2 :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

vco2 is similar to vco. But the implementation uses pre-calculated tables of band-limited waveforms (see also GEN30) rather than integrating impulses. This opcode can be faster than vco (especially if a low control-rate is used) and also allows better sound quality. Additionally, there are more waveforms and oscillator phase can be modulated at k-rate. The disadvantage is increased memory usage. For more details about vco2 tables, see also vco2init and vco2ft.

 ares vco2 kamp, kcps [, imode] [, kpw] [, kphs] [, inyx]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vco2.html

Phasors

phasor :: Sig -> Sig

Produce a normalized moving phase value.

 ares phasor xcps [, iphs]
 kres phasor kcps [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/phasor.html

syncphasor :: Sig -> Sig -> (Sig, Sig)

Produces a moving phase value between zero and one and an extra impulse output (sync out) whenever its phase value crosses or is reset to zero. The phase can be reset at any time by an impulse on the sync in parameter.

 aphase, asyncout syncphasor xcps, asyncin, [, iphs]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/syncphasor.html

Random and Noise generators

rand :: Sig -> SE Sig

Output is a controlled random number series between -amp and +amp

 ares rand xamp [, iseed] [, isel] [, ioffset]
 kres rand xamp [, iseed] [, isel] [, ioffset]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/rand.html

randi :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

Generates a controlled random number series with interpolation between each new number.

 ares randi xamp, xcps [, iseed] [, isize] [, ioffset]
 kres randi kamp, kcps [, iseed] [, isize] [, ioffset]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/randi.html

randh :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

Generates random numbers and holds them for a period of time.

 ares randh xamp, xcps [, iseed] [, isize] [, ioffset]
 kres randh kamp, kcps [, iseed] [, isize] [, ioffset]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/randh.html

rnd31 :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

31-bit bipolar random opcodes with controllable distribution. These units are portable, i.e. using the same seed value will generate the same random sequence on all systems. The distribution of --generated random numbers can be varied at k-rate.

 ax rnd31 kscl, krpow [, iseed]
 ix rnd31 iscl, irpow [, iseed]
 kx rnd31 kscl, krpow [, iseed]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/rnd31.html

random :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

Generates is a controlled pseudo-random number series between min and max values.

 ax random kscl, krpow
 ix random iscl, irpow
 kx random kscl, krpow

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/random.html

randomi :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

Generates a user-controlled random number series with interpolation between each new number.

 ares randomi kmin, kmax, xcps [,imode] [,ifirstval]
 kres randomi kmin, kmax, kcps [,imode] [,ifirstval]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/randomi.html

randomh :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

Generates random numbers with a user-defined limit and holds them for a period of time.

 ares randomh kmin, kmax, xcps [,imode] [,ifirstval]
 kres randomh kmin, kmax, kcps [,imode] [,ifirstval]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/randomh.html

pinkish :: Sig -> SE Sig

Generates approximate pink noise (-3dB/oct response) by one of two different methods:

• a multirate noise generator after Moore, coded by Martin Gardner
• a filter bank designed by Paul Kellet

 ares pinkish xin [, imethod] [, inumbands] [, iseed] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/pinkish.html

noise :: Sig -> Sig -> SE Sig

A white noise generator with an IIR lowpass filter.

 ares noise xamp, kbeta

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/noise.html

Envelopes

linseg :: [D] -> Sig

Trace a series of line segments between specified points.

 ares linseg ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...]
 kres linseg ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/linseg.html

expseg :: [D] -> Sig

Trace a series of exponential segments between specified points.

 ares expseg ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...]
 kres expseg ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/expseg.html

linsegr :: [D] -> D -> D -> Sig

Trace a series of line segments between specified points including a release segment.

 ares linsegr ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...], irel, iz
 kres linsegr ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...], irel, iz

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/linsegr.html

expsegr :: [D] -> D -> D -> Sig

Trace a series of exponential segments between specified points including a release segment.

 ares expsegr ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...], irel, iz
 kres expsegr ia, idur1, ib [, idur2] [, ic] [...], irel, iz

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/expsegr.html

lpshold :: Sig -> Sig -> [Sig] -> Sig

Generate control signal consisting of held segments delimited by two or more specified points. The entire envelope is looped at kfreq rate. Each parameter can be varied at k-rate.

 ksig lpshold kfreq, ktrig, ktime0, kvalue0  [, ktime1] [, kvalue1] \
       [, ktime2] [, kvalue2] [...]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/lpshold.html

loopseg :: Sig -> Sig -> [Sig] -> Sig

Generate control signal consisting of linear segments delimited by two or more specified points. The entire envelope is looped at kfreq rate. Each parameter can be varied at k-rate.

 ksig loopseg kfreq, ktrig, iphase, ktime0, kvalue0 [, ktime1] [, kvalue1] \
       [, ktime2] [, kvalue2] [...]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/loopseg.html

looptseg :: Sig -> Sig -> [Sig] -> Sig

Generate control signal consisting of controllable exponential segments or linear segments delimited by two or more specified points. The entire envelope is looped at kfreq rate. Each parameter can be varied at k-rate.

 ksig looptseg kfreq, ktrig, ktime0, kvalue0, ktype0, [, ktime1] [, kvalue1] [,ktype1] \
       [, ktime2] [, kvalue2] [,ktype2] [...][, ktimeN] [, kvalueN]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/looptseg.html

Delays

Audio delays

vdelay :: Sig -> Sig -> D -> Sig

This is an interpolating variable time delay, it is not very different from the existing implementation (deltapi), it is only easier to use.

 ares vdelay asig, adel, imaxdel [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vdelay.html

vdelayx :: Sig -> Sig -> D -> D -> Sig

A variable delay opcode with high quality interpolation.

 aout vdelayx ain, adl, imd, iws [, ist]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vdelayx.html

vdelayxw :: Sig -> Sig -> D -> D -> Sig

Variable delay opcodes with high quality interpolation.

aout vdelayxw ain, adl, imd, iws [, ist]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vdelayxw.html

delayr :: D -> SE Sig

Reads from an automatically established digital delay line.

 ares delayr idlt [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/delayr.html

delayw :: Sig -> SE ()

Writes the audio signal to a digital delay line.

 delayw asig

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/delayw.html

deltap :: Sig -> SE Sig

Tap a delay line at variable offset times.

 ares deltap kdlt

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/deltap.html

deltapi :: Sig -> SE Sig

Taps a delay line at variable offset times, uses interpolation.

 ares deltapi xdlt

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/deltapi.html

deltap3 :: Sig -> SE Sig

Taps a delay line at variable offset times, uses cubic interpolation.

 ares deltap3 xdlt

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/deltap3.html

deltapx :: Sig -> D -> SE Sig

deltapx is similar to deltapi or deltap3. However, it allows higher quality interpolation. This opcode can read from and write to a delayr/delayw delay line with interpolation.

 aout deltapx adel, iwsize

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/deltapx.html

deltapxw :: Sig -> Sig -> D -> SE ()

deltapxw mixes the input signal to a delay line. This opcode can be mixed with reading units (deltap, deltapn, deltapi, deltap3, and deltapx) in any order; the actual delay time is the difference of the read and write time. This opcode can read from and write to a delayr/delayw delay line with interpolation.

 deltapxw ain, adel, iwsize

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/deltapxw.html

Control delays

Filters

Low Pass Filters

tone :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

A first-order recursive low-pass filter with variable frequency response.

tone is a 1 term IIR filter. Its formula is:

 yn = c1 * xn + c2 * yn-1

where

• b = 2 - cos(2 π hp/sr);
• c2 = b - sqrt(b2 - 1.0)
• c1 = 1 - c2

 ares tone asig, khp [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/tone.html

butlp :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Implementation of a second-order low-pass Butterworth filter.

 ares butlp asig, kfreq [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/butterlp.html

High Pass Filters

atone :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

A hi-pass filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the tone opcode.

 ares atone asig, khp [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/atone.html

buthp :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Implementation of second-order high-pass Butterworth filter.

 ares buthp asig, kfreq [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/butterhp.html

Band Pass And Resonant Filters

reson :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

A second-order resonant filter.

 ares reson asig, kcf, kbw [, iscl] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/reson.html

butbp :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Implementation of a second-order band-pass Butterworth filter.

 ares butbp asig, kfreq, kband [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/butterbp.html

Band Reject Filters

areson :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

A notch filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the reson opcode.

 ares areson asig, kcf, kbw [, iscl] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/areson.html

butbr :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Implementation of a second-order band-reject Butterworth filter.

 ares butbr asig, kfreq, kband [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/butterbr.html

Filters For Smoothing Control Signals

port :: Sig -> D -> Sig

Applies portamento to a step-valued control signal.

 kres port ksig, ihtim [, isig]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/port.html

portk :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Applies portamento to a step-valued control signal.

 kres portk ksig, khtim [, isig]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/portk.html

Other filters

moogladder :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Moogladder is an new digital implementation of the Moog ladder filter based on the work of Antti Huovilainen, described in the paper Non-Linear Digital Implementation of the Moog Ladder Filter (Proceedings of DaFX04, Univ of Napoli). This implementation is probably a more accurate digital representation of the original analogue filter.

 asig moogladder ain, kcf, kres[, istor]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/moogladder.html

vcomb :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> D -> Sig

Variably reverberates an input signal with a “colored” frequency response.

 ares vcomb asig, krvt, xlpt, imaxlpt [, iskip] [, insmps]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vcomb.html

bqrez :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

A second-order multi-mode filter.

 ares bqrez asig, xfco, xres [, imode] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/bqrez.html

comb :: Sig -> Sig -> D -> Sig

Reverberates an input signal with a “colored” frequency response.

 ares comb asig, krvt, ilpt [, iskip] [, insmps]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/comb.html

Reverb

freeverb :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> (Sig, Sig)

freeverb is a stereo reverb unit based on Jezar's public domain C++ sources, composed of eight parallel comb filters on both channels, followed by four allpass units in series. The filters on the right channel are slightly detuned compared to the left channel in order to create a stereo effect.

 aoutL, aoutR freeverb ainL, ainR, kRoomSize, kHFDamp[, iSRate[, iSkip]] 

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/freeverb.html

reverbsc :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> (Sig, Sig)

8 delay line stereo FDN reverb, with feedback matrix based upon physical modeling scattering junction of 8 lossless waveguides of equal characteristic impedance. Based on Csound orchestra version by Sean Costello.

 aoutL, aoutR reverbsc ainL, ainR, kfblvl, kfco[, israte[, ipitchm[, iskip]]] 

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/reverbsc.html

reverb :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Reverberates an input signal with a “natural room” frequency response.

 ares reverb asig, krvt [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/reverb.html

nreverb :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

This is a reverberator consisting of 6 parallel comb-lowpass filters being fed into a series of 5 allpass filters. nreverb replaces reverb2 (version 3.48) and so both opcodes are identical.

 ares nreverb asig, ktime, khdif [, iskip] [,inumCombs] [, ifnCombs] \
       [, inumAlpas] [, ifnAlpas]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/nreverb.html

babo :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> D -> D -> D -> (Sig, Sig)

babo stands for ball-within-the-box. It is a physical model reverberator based on the paper by Davide Rocchesso The Ball within the Box: a sound-processing metaphor, Computer Music Journal, Vol 19, N.4, pp.45-47, Winter 1995.

The resonator geometry can be defined, along with some response characteristics, the position of the listener within the resonator, and the position of the sound source.

 a1, a2 babo asig, ksrcx, ksrcy, ksrcz, irx, iry, irz [, idiff] [, ifno]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/babo.html

Signal Measurement, Dynamic Processing, Sample Level Operations

Amplitude Measurement And Following

rms :: Sig -> Sig

Determines the root-mean-square amplitude of an audio signal. It low-pass filters the actual value, to average in the manner of a VU meter.

 kres rms asig [, ihp] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/rms.html

balance :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

The rms power of asig can be interrogated, set, or adjusted to match that of a comparator signal.

 ares balance asig, acomp [, ihp] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/balance.html

follow :: Sig -> D -> Sig

Envelope follower unit generator.

 ares follow asig, idt

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/follow.html

follow2 :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

A controllable envelope extractor using the algorithm attributed to Jean-Marc Jot.

 ares follow2 asig, katt, krel

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/follow2.html

peak :: Sig -> Sig

These opcodes maintain the output k-rate variable as the peak absolute level so far received.

 kres peak asig
 kres peak ksig

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/peak.html

max_k :: Sig -> Sig -> I -> Sig

max_k outputs the local maximum (or minimum) value of the incoming asig signal, checked in the time interval between ktrig has become true twice.

 knumkout max_k asig, ktrig, itype

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/max_k.html

Pitch Estimation

ptrack :: Sig -> D -> (Sig, Sig)

ptrack takes an input signal, splits it into ihopsize blocks and using a STFT method, extracts an estimated pitch for its fundamental frequency as well as estimating the total amplitude of the signal in dB, relative to full-scale (0dB). The method implies an analysis window size of 2*ihopsize samples (overlaping by 1/2 window), which has to be a power-of-two, between 128 and 8192 (hopsizes between 64 and 4096). Smaller windows will give better time precision, but worse frequency accuracy (esp. in low fundamentals).This opcode is based on an original algorithm by M. Puckette.

 kcps, kamp ptrack asig, ihopsize[,ipeaks]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/ptrack.html

pitch :: Sig -> D -> D -> D -> D -> (Sig, Sig)

Using the same techniques as spectrum and specptrk, pitch tracks the pitch of the signal in octave point decimal form, and amplitude in dB.

 koct, kamp pitch asig, iupdte, ilo, ihi, idbthresh [, ifrqs] [, iconf] \
       [, istrt] [, iocts] [, iq] [, inptls] [, irolloff] [, iskip]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/pitch.html

pitchamdf :: Sig -> D -> D -> (Sig, Sig)

Follows the pitch of a signal based on the AMDF method (Average Magnitude Difference Function). Outputs pitch and amplitude tracking signals. The method is quite fast and should run in realtime. This technique usually works best for monophonic signals.

 kcps, krms pitchamdf asig, imincps, imaxcps [, icps] [, imedi] \
       [, idowns] [, iexcps] [, irmsmedi]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/pitchamdf.html

tempest :: Sig -> D -> D -> D -> D -> D -> D -> D -> D -> Tab -> Sig

Estimate the tempo of beat patterns in a control signal.

 ktemp tempest kin, iprd, imindur, imemdur, ihp, ithresh, ihtim, ixfdbak, \
       istartempo, ifn [, idisprd] [, itweek]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/tempest.html

Tempo Estimation

Dynamic Processing

compress :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> D -> Sig

This unit functions as an audio compressor, limiter, expander, or noise gate, using either soft-knee or hard-knee mapping, and with dynamically variable performance characteristics. It takes two audio input signals, aasig and acsig, the first of which is modified by a running analysis of the second. Both signals can be the same, or the first can be modified by a different controlling signal.

compress first examines the controlling acsig by performing envelope detection. This is directed by two control values katt and krel, defining the attack and release time constants (in seconds) of the detector. The detector rides the peaks (not the RMS) of the control signal. Typical values are .01 and .1, the latter usually being similar to ilook.

The running envelope is next converted to decibels, then passed through a mapping function to determine what compresser action (if any) should be taken. The mapping function is defined by four decibel control values. These are given as positive values, where 0 db corresponds to an amplitude of 1, and 90 db corresponds to an amplitude of 32768.

 ar compress aasig, acsig, kthresh, kloknee, khiknee, kratio, katt, krel, ilook

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/compress.html

dam :: Sig -> Sig -> D -> D -> D -> D -> Sig

This opcode dynamically modifies a gain value applied to the input sound ain by comparing its power level to a given threshold level. The signal will be compressed/expanded with different factors regarding that it is over or under the threshold.

 ares dam asig, kthreshold, icomp1, icomp2, irtime, iftime

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/dam.html

clip :: Sig -> I -> D -> Sig

Clips an a-rate signal to a predefined limit, in a “soft” manner, using one of three methods.

 ares clip asig, imeth, ilimit [, iarg]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/clip.html

Sample Level Operations

limit :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Sets the lower and upper limits of the value it processes.

 ares limit asig, klow, khigh
 ires limit isig, ilow, ihigh
 kres limit ksig, klow, khigh

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/limit.html

samphold :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Performs a sample-and-hold operation on its input.

 ares samphold asig, agate [, ival] [, ivstor]
 kres samphold ksig, kgate [, ival] [, ivstor]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/samphold.html

vaget :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig

Access values of the current buffer of an a-rate variable by indexing. Useful for doing sample-by-sample manipulation at k-rate without using setksmps 1.

 kval vaget kndx, avar

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vaget.html

vaset :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> SE ()

Write values into the current buffer of an a-rate variable at the given index. Useful for doing sample-by-sample manipulation at k-rate without using setksmps 1.

 vaset kval, kndx, avar

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/vaset.html

Spatialization

Panning

pan :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Tab -> (Sig, Sig, Sig, Sig)

Distribute an audio signal amongst four channels with localization control.

 a1, a2, a3, a4 pan asig, kx, ky, ifn [, imode] [, ioffset]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/pan.html

pan2 :: Sig -> Sig -> (Sig, Sig)

Distribute an audio signal across two channels with a choice of methods.

 a1, a2 pan2 asig, xp [, imode]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/pan2.html

Binaural / HTRF

hrtfstat :: Sig -> D -> D -> Str -> Str -> (Sig, Sig)

This opcode takes a source signal and spatialises it in the 3 dimensional space around a listener using head related transfer function (HRTF) based filters. It produces a static output (azimuth and elevation parameters are i-rate), because a static source allows much more efficient processing than hrtfmove and hrtfmove2,.

 aleft, aright hrtfstat asrc, iAz, iElev, ifilel, ifiler [,iradius, isr]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/hrtfstat.html

hrtfmove :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Str -> Str -> (Sig, Sig)

This opcode takes a source signal and spatialises it in the 3 dimensional space around a listener by convolving the source with stored head related transfer function (HRTF) based filters.

 aleft, aright hrtfmove asrc, kAz, kElev, ifilel, ifiler [, imode, ifade, isr]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/hrtfmove.html

hrtfmove2 :: Sig -> Sig -> Sig -> Str -> Str -> (Sig, Sig)

This opcode takes a source signal and spatialises it in the 3 dimensional space around a listener using head related transfer function (HRTF) based filters.

 aleft, aright hrtfmove2 asrc, kAz, kElev, ifilel, ifiler [,ioverlap, iradius, isr]

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/hrtfmove2.html

Other

xtratim :: D -> SE ()

Extend the duration of real-time generated events and handle their extra life (Usually for usage along with release instead of linenr, linsegr, etc).

 xtratim iextradur

doc: http://www.csounds.com/manual/html/xtratim.html