:# Copyright (C) 2009-2011 John Millikin <jmillikin@gmail.com>
:# 
:# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
:# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
:# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
:# any later version.
:# 
:# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
:# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
:# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
:# GNU General Public License for more details.
:# 
:# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
:# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

\clearpage
\section{D-Bus clients}

\subsection{Client types}

:d DBus.Client
data Client = Client
	{ clientConnection :: Connection
	, clientCallbacks :: MVar (Map Serial Callback)
	, clientSignalHandlers :: MVar [Callback]
	, clientObjects :: MVar (Map ObjectPath ObjectInfo)
	, clientThreadID :: ThreadId
	, clientMessageProcessor :: IORef (ReceivedMessage -> IO Bool)
	}

type Callback = (ReceivedMessage -> IO ())

data Reply
	= ReplyReturn [Variant]
	| ReplyError ErrorName [Variant]

data Method = Method InterfaceName MemberName Signature Signature ([Variant] -> IO Reply)

type ObjectInfo = Map InterfaceName InterfaceInfo
type InterfaceInfo = Map MemberName MemberInfo
data MemberInfo
	= MemberMethod Signature Signature Callback
	| MemberSignal Signature
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Connecting and disconnecting clients}

:d DBus.Client
attach :: Connection -> IO Client
attach connection = do
	callbacks <- newMVar Data.Map.empty
	signalHandlers <- newMVar []
	objects <- newMVar Data.Map.empty
	processor <- newIORef (\_ -> return False)
	
	clientMVar <- newEmptyMVar
	threadID <- forkIO $ do
		client <- readMVar clientMVar
		mainLoop client
	
	let client = Client
		{ clientConnection = connection
		, clientCallbacks = callbacks
		, clientSignalHandlers = signalHandlers
		, clientObjects = objects
		, clientThreadID = threadID
		, clientMessageProcessor = processor
		}
	putMVar clientMVar client
	
	export client "/" [introspectRoot client]
	
	void (call_ client (MethodCall
		{ methodCallDestination = Just "org.freedesktop.DBus"
		, methodCallMember = "Hello"
		, methodCallInterface = Just "org.freedesktop.DBus"
		, methodCallPath = "/org/freedesktop/DBus"
		, methodCallFlags = Data.Set.empty
		, methodCallBody = []
		}))
	
	return client
:

:d DBus.Client
connect :: Address -> IO Client
connect addr = do
	connection <- DBus.Connection.connect [unix, tcp] [external] addr
	attach connection

|apidoc DBus.Client.disconnect|
disconnect :: Client -> IO ()
disconnect client = do
	killThread (clientThreadID client)
	disconnect' client

disconnect' :: Client -> IO ()
disconnect' client = do
	let connection = clientConnection client
	modifyMVar_ (clientCallbacks client) (\_ -> return Data.Map.empty)
	modifyMVar_ (clientSignalHandlers client) (\_ -> return [])
	modifyMVar_ (clientObjects client) (\_ -> return Data.Map.empty)
	DBus.Connection.disconnect connection
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Main message dispatch loop}

:d DBus.Client
setMessageProcessor :: Client -> (ReceivedMessage -> IO Bool) -> IO ()
setMessageProcessor client io = atomicModifyIORef
	(clientMessageProcessor client)
	(\_ -> (io, ()))
:

:d DBus.Client
mainLoop :: Client -> IO ()
mainLoop client = forever $ do
	let connection = clientConnection client
	
	received <- DBus.Connection.receive connection
	msg <- case received of
		Left err -> do
			disconnect' client
			connectionError ("Received invalid message: " ++ show err)
		Right msg -> return msg
	
	dispatch client msg

dispatch :: Client -> ReceivedMessage -> IO ()
dispatch client received = void . forkIO $ do
	process <- readIORef (clientMessageProcessor client)
	handled <- process received
	
	let onReply serial = do
		let mvar = clientCallbacks client
		maybeCB <- modifyMVar mvar $ \callbacks -> let
			x = Data.Map.lookup serial callbacks
			callbacks' = if isJust x
				then Data.Map.delete serial callbacks
				else callbacks
			in return (callbacks', x)
		case maybeCB of
			Just cb -> void (cb received)
			Nothing -> return ()
	
	unless handled $ case received of
		(ReceivedMethodReturn _ _ msg) -> onReply (methodReturnSerial msg)
		(ReceivedError _ _ msg) -> onReply (errorSerial msg)
		(ReceivedSignal _ _ _) -> do
			handlers <- readMVar (clientSignalHandlers client)
			mapM_ ($ received) handlers
		(ReceivedMethodCall serial sender msg) -> do
			objects <- readMVar (clientObjects client)
			case findMethod objects msg of
				Just io -> io received
				Nothing -> send_ client
					(Error errorUnknownMethod serial sender [])
					(\_ -> return ())
		_ -> return ()
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Making method calls}

:d DBus.Client
send_ :: Message msg => Client -> msg -> (Serial -> IO a) -> IO a
send_ client msg io = do
	result <- DBus.Connection.send (clientConnection client) msg io
	case result of
		Right serial -> return serial
		Left err -> connectionError ("Error sending message: " ++ show err)

call :: Client -> MethodCall -> IO (Either Error MethodReturn)
call client msg = do
	mvar <- newEmptyMVar
	
	let callback (ReceivedError _ _ err) = putMVar mvar (Left err)
	    callback (ReceivedMethodReturn _ _ reply) = putMVar mvar (Right reply)
	    callback _ = return ()
	
	send_ client msg (\serial ->
		modifyMVar_ (clientCallbacks client) (\callbacks ->
			return (Data.Map.insert serial callback callbacks)))
	
	tried <- Control.Exception.try (takeMVar mvar)
	case tried of
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,2,0)
		Left Control.Exception.BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar ->
#else
		Left Control.Exception.BlockedOnDeadMVar ->
#endif
			connectionError "DBus.Client.call: connection closed during method call"
		Right ret -> return ret

call_ :: Client -> MethodCall -> IO MethodReturn
call_ client msg = do
	result <- call client msg
	case result of
		Left err -> connectionError ("Call failed: " ++ Data.Text.unpack (errorMessage err))
		Right ret -> return ret
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Emitting signals}

:d DBus.Client
emit :: Client -> Signal -> IO ()
emit client msg = send_ client msg (\_ -> return ())
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Receiving signals}

:d DBus.Client
data MatchRule = MatchRule
	{ matchSender      :: Maybe BusName
	, matchDestination :: Maybe BusName
	, matchPath        :: Maybe ObjectPath
	, matchInterface   :: Maybe InterfaceName
	, matchMember      :: Maybe MemberName
	}
	deriving (Show)

listen :: Client -> MatchRule -> (BusName -> Signal -> IO ()) -> IO ()
listen client rule io = do
	let handler (ReceivedSignal _ (Just sender) msg)
	    	| checkMatchRule rule sender msg = io sender msg
	    handler _ = return ()
	
	modifyMVar_ (clientSignalHandlers client) (\hs -> return (handler : hs))
	void (call_ client (MethodCall
		{ methodCallPath = DBus.Constants.dbusPath
		, methodCallMember = "AddMatch"
		, methodCallInterface = Just DBus.Constants.dbusInterface
		, methodCallDestination = Just DBus.Constants.dbusName
		, methodCallFlags = Data.Set.empty
		, methodCallBody = [toVariant (formatMatchRule rule)]
		}))

formatMatchRule :: MatchRule -> Text
formatMatchRule rule = Data.Text.intercalate "," predicates where
	predicates = catMaybes
		[ f "sender" matchSender busNameText
		, f "destination" matchDestination busNameText
		, f "path" matchPath objectPathText
		, f "interface" matchInterface interfaceNameText
		, f "member" matchMember memberNameText
		]
	
	f :: Text -> (MatchRule -> Maybe a) -> (a -> Text) -> Maybe Text
	f key get text = do
		val <- fmap text (get rule)
		return (Data.Text.concat [key, "='", val, "'"])

checkMatchRule :: MatchRule -> BusName -> Signal -> Bool
checkMatchRule rule sender msg = and
	[ maybe True (== sender) (matchSender rule)
	, maybe True (\x -> signalDestination msg == Just x) (matchDestination rule)
	, maybe True (== signalPath msg) (matchPath rule)
	, maybe True (== signalInterface msg) (matchInterface rule)
	, maybe True (== signalMember msg) (matchMember rule)
	]
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Exporting objects and methods}

:d DBus.Client
data MethodError = MethodError ErrorName [Variant]
	deriving (Show, Eq, Typeable)

instance Control.Exception.Exception MethodError

|apidoc DBus.Client.throwError|
throwError :: ErrorName -> Text -> [Variant] -> IO a
throwError name message extra = Control.Exception.throwIO (MethodError name (toVariant message : extra))
:

:d DBus.Client
method :: InterfaceName -> MemberName -> Signature -> Signature -> ([Variant] -> IO Reply) -> Method
method iface name inSig outSig io = Method iface name inSig outSig
	(\vs -> Control.Exception.catch
		(Control.Exception.catch
			(io vs)
			(\(MethodError name' vs') -> return (ReplyError name' vs')))
		(\exc -> return (ReplyError errorFailed
			[toVariant (Data.Text.pack (show (exc :: SomeException)))])))

export :: Client -> ObjectPath -> [Method] -> IO ()
export client path methods = modifyMVar_ (clientObjects client) addObject where
	addObject objs = return (Data.Map.insert path info objs)
	
	info = foldl' addMethod Data.Map.empty (defaultIntrospect : methods)
	addMethod m (Method iface name inSig outSig cb) = Data.Map.insertWith'
		Data.Map.union iface
		(Data.Map.fromList [(name, MemberMethod inSig outSig (wrapCB cb))]) m
	
	wrapCB cb (ReceivedMethodCall serial sender msg) = do
		reply <- cb (methodCallBody msg)
		case reply of
			ReplyReturn vs -> send_ client (MethodReturn serial sender vs) (\_ -> return ())
			ReplyError name vs -> send_ client (Error name serial sender vs) (\_ -> return ())
	wrapCB _ _ = return ()
	
	defaultIntrospect = methodIntrospect $ do
		objects <- readMVar (clientObjects client)
		let Just obj = Data.Map.lookup path objects
		return (introspect path obj)
:

:d DBus.Client
findMethod :: Map ObjectPath ObjectInfo -> MethodCall -> Maybe Callback
findMethod objects msg = do
	ifaceName <- methodCallInterface msg
	obj <- Data.Map.lookup (methodCallPath msg) objects
	iface <- Data.Map.lookup ifaceName obj
	member <- Data.Map.lookup (methodCallMember msg) iface
	case member of
		MemberMethod _ _ io -> return io
		_ -> Nothing
:

\clearpage
\subsubsection{Automatic introspection}

:d DBus.Client
introspectRoot :: Client -> Method
introspectRoot client = methodIntrospect $ do
	objects <- readMVar (clientObjects client)
	let paths = filter (/= "/") (Data.Map.keys objects)
	let iface = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable"
	let name = "Introspect"
	return (DBus.Introspection.Object "/"
		[DBus.Introspection.Interface iface
			[DBus.Introspection.Method name
				[]
				[DBus.Introspection.Parameter "" "s"]]
			[] []]
		[DBus.Introspection.Object p [] [] | p <- paths])
:

:d DBus.Client
methodIntrospect :: IO DBus.Introspection.Object -> Method
methodIntrospect get = method iface name "" "s" impl where
	iface = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable"
	name = "Introspect"
	impl [] = do
		obj <- get
		let Just xml = DBus.Introspection.toXML obj
		return (ReplyReturn [toVariant xml])
	impl _ = return (ReplyError errorInvalidParameters [])

introspect :: ObjectPath -> ObjectInfo -> DBus.Introspection.Object
introspect path obj = DBus.Introspection.Object path interfaces [] where
	interfaces = map introspectIface (Data.Map.toList obj)
	
	introspectIface (name, iface) = let
		members = Data.Map.toList iface
		methods = concatMap introspectMethod members
		signals = concatMap introspectSignal members
		in DBus.Introspection.Interface name methods signals []
	
	introspectMethod (name, (MemberMethod inSig outSig _)) =
		[DBus.Introspection.Method name
			(map introspectParam (signatureTypes inSig))
			(map introspectParam (signatureTypes outSig))]
	introspectMethod _ = []
	
	introspectSignal (name, (MemberSignal sig)) =
		[DBus.Introspection.Signal name
			(map introspectParam (signatureTypes sig))]
	introspectSignal _ = []
	
	introspectParam t = DBus.Introspection.Parameter "" (Signature [t])
:

\clearpage
\subsection{Simple clients}

:d DBus.Client.Simple
connectFirst :: [Address] -> IO Client
connectFirst addrs = loop addrs where
	loop [] = connectionError (concat
		[ "connectFirst: no usable"
		, " addresses in "
		, show addrs])
	loop (a:as) = Control.Exception.catch
		(DBus.Client.connect a)
		(\(ConnectionError _) -> loop as)

|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.connectSession|
connectSession :: IO Client
connectSession = do
	env <- DBus.Address.getSession
	case env of
		Nothing -> connectionError (concat
			[ "connectSession: DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS is"
			, " missing or invalid."
			])
		Just addrs -> connectFirst addrs

|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.connectSystem|
connectSystem :: IO Client
connectSystem = do
	env <- DBus.Address.getSystem
	case env of
		Nothing -> connectionError (concat
			[ "connectSession: DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS is"
			, " invalid."
			])
		Just addrs -> connectFirst addrs

|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.connectStarter|
connectStarter :: IO Client
connectStarter = do
	env <- DBus.Address.getStarter
	case env of
		Nothing -> connectionError (concat
			[ "connectSession: DBUS_STARTER_BUS_ADDRESS is"
			, " missing or invalid."
			])
		Just addrs -> connectFirst addrs
:

\clearpage
\subsubsection{Remote object proxies}

:d DBus.Client.Simple
data Proxy = Proxy Client BusName ObjectPath
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
proxy :: Client -> BusName -> ObjectPath -> IO Proxy
proxy client dest path = return (Proxy client dest path)
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
call :: Proxy -> InterfaceName -> MemberName -> [Variant] -> IO [Variant]
call (Proxy client dest path) iface member body = do
	reply <- DBus.Client.call_ client $ MethodCall
		{ methodCallDestination = Just dest
		, methodCallMember = member
		, methodCallInterface = Just iface
		, methodCallPath = path
		, methodCallFlags = Data.Set.empty
		, methodCallBody = body
		}
	return (methodReturnBody reply)
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
emit :: Client -> ObjectPath -> InterfaceName -> MemberName -> [Variant] -> IO ()
emit client path iface member body = DBus.Client.emit client $ Signal
	{ signalDestination = Nothing
	, signalPath = path
	, signalInterface = iface
	, signalMember = member
	, signalBody = body
	}
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
listen :: Proxy -> InterfaceName -> MemberName -> (BusName -> Signal -> IO ()) -> IO ()
listen (Proxy client dest path) iface member = DBus.Client.listen client (MatchRule
	{ matchSender = Just dest
	, matchInterface = Just iface
	, matchMember = Just member
	, matchPath = Just path
	, matchDestination = Nothing
	})
:

\clearpage
\subsubsection{Name reservation}

:d DBus.Client.Simple
data RequestNameFlag
	= AllowReplacement
	| ReplaceExisting
	| DoNotQueue
	deriving (Show)

data RequestNameReply
	= PrimaryOwner
	| InQueue
	| Exists
	| AlreadyOwner
	deriving (Show)

data ReleaseNameReply
	= Released
	| NonExistent
	| NotOwner
	deriving (Show)
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
encodeFlags :: [RequestNameFlag] -> Word32
encodeFlags = foldr (.|.) 0 . map flagValue where
	flagValue AllowReplacement = 0x1
	flagValue ReplaceExisting  = 0x2
	flagValue DoNotQueue       = 0x4
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
requestName :: Client -> BusName -> [RequestNameFlag] -> IO RequestNameReply
requestName client name flags = do
	bus <- proxy client "org.freedesktop.DBus" "/org/freedesktop/DBus"
	reply <- call bus "org.freedesktop.DBus" "RequestName"
		[ toVariant name
		, toVariant (encodeFlags flags)
		]
	case (maybeIndex reply 0 >>= fromVariant :: Maybe Word32) of
		Just 1 -> return PrimaryOwner
		Just 2 -> return InQueue
		Just 3 -> return Exists
		Just 4 -> return AlreadyOwner
		_ -> connectionError "Call failed: received invalid reply"

releaseName :: Client -> BusName -> IO ReleaseNameReply
releaseName client name = do
	bus <- proxy client "org.freedesktop.DBus" "/org/freedesktop/DBus"
	reply <- call bus "org.freedesktop.DBus" "ReleaseName"
		[ toVariant name
		]
	case (maybeIndex reply 0 >>= fromVariant :: Maybe Word32) of
		Just 1 -> return Released
		Just 2 -> return NonExistent
		Just 3 -> return NotOwner
		_ -> connectionError "Call failed: received invalid reply"
:

\clearpage
\subsubsection{Simplified exports}

:d DBus.Client.Simple
|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.AutoSignature|
class AutoSignature a where
	funTypes :: a -> ([Type], [Type])

instance AutoSignature (IO ()) where
	funTypes _ = ([], [])

instance IsValue a => AutoSignature (IO a) where
	funTypes io = ([], case ioT io undefined of
		(_, t) -> case t of
			TypeStructure ts -> ts
			_ -> [t])

ioT :: IsValue a => IO a -> a -> (a, Type)
ioT _ a = (a, typeOf a)

instance (IsValue a, AutoSignature fun) => AutoSignature (a -> fun) where
	funTypes fn = case valueT undefined of
		(a, t) -> case funTypes (fn a) of
			(ts, ts') -> (t : ts, ts')

valueT :: IsValue a => a -> (a, Type)
valueT a = (a, typeOf a)
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.AutoReply|
class AutoReply fun where
	apply :: fun -> [Variant] -> Maybe (IO [Variant])

instance AutoReply (IO ()) where
	apply io [] = Just (io >> return [])
	apply _ _ = Nothing

instance IsVariant a => AutoReply (IO a) where
	apply io [] = Just (do
		var <- fmap toVariant io
		case fromVariant var of
			Just struct -> return (structureItems struct)
			Nothing -> return [var])
	apply _ _ = Nothing

instance (IsVariant a, AutoReply fun) => AutoReply (a -> fun) where
	apply _ [] = Nothing
	apply fn (v:vs) = case fromVariant v of
		Just v' -> apply (fn v') vs
		Nothing -> Nothing
:

:d DBus.Client.Simple
|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.method|
method :: (AutoSignature fun, AutoReply fun) => InterfaceName -> MemberName -> fun -> Method
method iface name fun = DBus.Client.method iface name inSig outSig io where
	(typesIn, typesOut) = funTypes fun
	inSig = case checkSignature typesIn of
		Just sig -> sig
		Nothing -> invalid "input"
	outSig = case checkSignature typesOut of
		Just sig -> sig
		Nothing -> invalid "output"
	io vs = case apply fun vs of
		Nothing -> return (ReplyError errorInvalidParameters [])
		Just io' -> fmap ReplyReturn io'
	
	invalid label = error (concat
		[ "Method "
		, Data.Text.unpack (interfaceNameText iface)
		, "."
		, Data.Text.unpack (memberNameText name)
		, " has an invalid "
		, label
		, " signature."])

|apidoc DBus.Client.Simple.export|
export :: Client -> ObjectPath -> [Method] -> IO ()
export = DBus.Client.export
: