--2 Implementations of Words, with English as example concrete WordsBul of Words = SentencesBul ** open SyntaxBul, (R = ResBul), ParadigmsBul, (L = LexiconBul), (P = ParadigmsBul), ExtraBul, MorphoFunsBul, Prelude in { flags coding=utf8; lin -- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$. Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ; Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ; Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ; Cheese = mkCN (mkN066 "сирене") ; Chicken = mkCN (mkN065 "пиле") ; Coffee = mkCN (mkN065 "кафе") ; Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ; Meat = mkCN (mkN054 "месо") ; Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ; Pizza = mkCN (mkN041 "пица") ; Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ; Tea = mkCN (mkN028 "чай") ; Water = mkCN L.water_N ; Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ; -- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$. Bad = L.bad_A ; Boring = mkA079 "еднообразен" ; Cheap = mkA076 "евтин" ; Cold = L.cold_A ; Delicious = mkA079 "превъзходен" ; Expensive = mkA076 "скъп" ; Fresh = mkA076 "свеж" ; Good = L.good_A ; Suspect = mkA079 "подозрителен" ; Warm = L.warm_A ; -- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages -- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as -- defined by $mkPlace$. Airport = mkPlace (mkN066 "летище") na_Prep ; AmusementPark = mkCompoundPlace (mkA079 "увеселителен") (mkN001 "парк") in_Prep ; Bank = mkPlace (mkN041 "банка") in_Prep ; Bar = mkPlace (mkN001 "бар") in_Prep ; Cafeteria = mkPlace (mkN065 "кафе") in_Prep ; Center = mkPlace (mkN009a "център") in_Prep ; Cinema = mkPlace (mkN054 "кино") na_Prep ; Church = mkPlace (mkN041 "църква") in_Prep ; Disco = mkPlace (mkN041 "дискотека") in_Prep ; Hospital = mkPlace (mkN041 "болница") in_Prep ; Hotel = mkPlace (mkN007 "хотел") in_Prep ; Museum = mkPlace (mkN032 "музей") in_Prep ; Park = mkPlace (mkN001 "парк") in_Prep ; Parking = mkPlace (mkN007 "паркинг") na_Prep ; Pharmacy = mkPlace (mkN041 "аптека") in_Prep ; PostOffice = mkPlace (mkN041 "поща") in_Prep ; Pub = mkPlace (mkN001 "бар") in_Prep ; Restaurant = mkPlace (mkN007 "ресторант") in_Prep ; School = mkPlace (mkN007 "училище") in_Prep ; Shop = mkPlace (mkN007 "магазин") in_Prep ; Station = mkPlace (mkN041 "гара") na_Prep ; Supermarket = mkPlace (mkN007 "супермаркет") in_Prep ; Theatre = mkPlace (mkN009 "театър") na_Prep ; Toilet = mkPlace (mkN041 "тоалетна") in_Prep ; University = mkPlace (mkN007 "университет") in_Prep ; Zoo = mkPlace (mkN001 "зоопарк") in_Prep ; CitRestaurant cit = mkCNPlace (mkCN cit.s2 (mkN007 "ресторант")) in_Prep to_Prep ; -- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns. DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA078 "датски") (mkN041 "крона") | mkCN (mkN041 "крона") ; Dollar = mkCN (mkN007 "долар") ; Euro = mkCN (mkN054 "евро") ; Lei = mkCN (mkN047 "лея") ; Leva = mkCN (mkN001 "лев") ; NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkA078 "норвежки") (mkN041 "крона") | mkCN (mkN041 "крона") ; Pound = mkCN (mkN007 "паунд") ; Rouble = mkCN (mkN041 "рубла") ; SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA078 "шведски") (mkN041 "крона") | mkCN (mkN041 "крона") ; Zloty = mkCN (mkN041 "злота") ; Baht = mkCN (mkN007a "бат") ; -- Nationalities Belgian = mkCitizenship (mkN013 "белгиец") (mkN041 "белгийка") (mkA078 "белгийски") ; Belgium = mkPN "Белгия" R.Fem ; Bulgarian = mkNat (mkN018 "българин") (mkN041 "българка") (mkA078 "български") (mkPN "България" R.Fem) ; Catalan = mkNat (mkN008a "каталонец") (mkN041 "каталонка") (mkA078 "каталонски") (mkPN "Каталуния" R.Fem) ; Danish = mkNat (mkN018 "датчанин") (mkN041 "датчанка") (mkA078 "датски") (mkPN "Дания" R.Fem) ; Dutch = mkNat (mkN008a "холандец") (mkN041 "холандка") (mkA078 "холандски") (mkPN "Холандия" R.Fem) ; English = mkNat (mkN018 "англичанин") (mkN041 "англичанка") (mkA078 "английски") (mkPN "Англия" R.Fem) ; Finnish = mkNat (mkN008a "финландец") (mkN041 "финландка") (mkA078 "финландски") (mkPN "Финландия" R.Fem) ; Flemish = mkA078 "фламандски" ; French = mkNat (mkN018 "французин") (mkN041 "французойка") (mkA078 "френски") (mkPN "Франция" R.Fem) ; German = mkNat (mkN008a "германец") (mkN041 "германка") (mkA078 "немски") (mkPN "Германия" R.Fem) ; Italian = mkNat (mkN008a "италианец") (mkN041 "италианка") (mkA078 "италиански") (mkPN "Италия" R.Fem) ; Norwegian = mkNat (mkN008a "норвежец") (mkN041 "норвежка") (mkA078 "норвежки") (mkPN "Норвегия" R.Fem) ; Polish = mkNat (mkN014 "поляк") (mkN047 "полякиня") (mkA078 "полски") (mkPN "Полша" R.Fem) ; Romanian = mkNat (mkN008a "румънец") (mkN041 "румънка") (mkA078 "румънски") (mkPN "Румъния" R.Fem) ; Russian = mkNat (mkN014 "руснак") (mkN047 "рускиня") (mkA078 "руски") (mkPN "Русия" R.Fem) ; Swedish = mkNat (mkN007 "швед") (mkN041 "шведка") (mkA078 "шведски") (mkPN "Швеция" R.Fem) ; Spanish = mkNat (mkN008a "испанец") (mkN041 "испанка") (mkA078 "испански") (mkPN "Испания" R.Fem) ; Thai = mkNat (mkN008a "тайландец") (mkN041 "тайландка") (mkA078 "тайландски") (mkPN "Тайланд" R.Masc) ; -- Means of transportation Bike = mkTransport L.bike_N ; Bus = mkTransport (mkN007 "автобус") ; Car = mkTransport L.car_N ; Ferry = mkTransport (mkN007 "ферибот") ; Plane = mkTransport (mkN007 "самолет") ; Subway = mkTransport (mkN054 "метро") ; Taxi = mkTransport (mkN073 "такси") ; Train = mkTransport (mkN001 "влак") ; Tram = mkTransport (mkN032 "трамвай") ; ByFoot = P.mkAdv "пеша" ; -- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent. AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (SyntaxBul.mkAdv na_Prep (mkNP num L.year_N)) ; AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ; AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN047 "стая")) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv (mkPrep "за" R.Acc) (mkNP num (mkN014 "човек")))) ; AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN041 "маса")) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv (mkPrep "за" R.Acc) (mkNP num (mkN014 "човек")))) ; AHasName p name = mkCl p.name (dirV2 (medialV (actionV (mkV186 "казвам") (mkV156 "кажа")) R.Acc)) name ; AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA079 "гладен") ; AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA079 "болен") ; AKnow p = mkCl p.name (actionV (mkV186 "знам") (mkV162 "зная")) ; ALike p item = mkCl p.name (dirV2 (actionV (mkV186 "харесвам") (mkV186 "харесам"))) item ; ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (stateV (mkV160 "живея"))) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP co))) ; ALove p q = mkCl p.name (dirV2 (actionV (mkV186 "обичам") (mkV152 "обикна"))) q.name ; AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA076 (case p.name.a.gn of { R.GSg R.Fem => "омъжен" ; _ => "женен" })) ; AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA076 "готов") ; AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA076 "уплашен") ; ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name (dirV2 (stateV (mkV173 "говоря"))) (mkNP (adj2noun lang)) ; AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA079 "жаден") ; ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA076 "уморен") ; AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name (actionV (mkV186 "разбирам") (mkV170 "разбера")) ; AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (dirV2 (stateV (mkV186 "искам"))) obj ; AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP (actionV (mkV186 "отивам") (mkV146 "отида"))) place.to) ; -- miscellaneous QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl how_IAdv (mkCl p.name (medialV (actionV (mkV186 "казвам") (mkV156 "кажа")) R.Acc))) ; QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl (MorphoFunsBul.mkIAdv "на колко") (mkCl p.name (mkNP a_Quant plNum L.year_N))) ; HowMuchCost item = mkQS (mkQCl how8much_IAdv (mkCl item (stateV (mkV186 "струвам")))) ; ItCost item price = mkCl item (dirV2 (stateV (mkV186 "струвам"))) price ; PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_AP ; PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_AP ; PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_AP) d) ; PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_AP) d) ; PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_AP) d.habitual) ; PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_AP) d.habitual) ; -- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use -- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ; PSeeYouDate d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("ще се видим"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ; PSeeYouPlace p = mkText (lin Text (ss ("ще се видим"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) ; PSeeYouPlaceDate p d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("ще се видим"))) (mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ; -- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$ -- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of -- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns. Wife = xOf sing (mkN041 "съпруга") ; Husband = xOf sing (mkN015 "съпруг") ; Son = xOf sing (mkN018 "син") ; Daughter = xOf sing (mkN047 "дъщеря") ; Children = xOf plur L.child_N ; -- week days Monday = mkDay (mkN014 "понеделник") ; Tuesday = mkDay (mkN014 "вторник") ; Wednesday = mkDay (mkN043 "сряда") ; Thursday = mkDay (mkN014 "четвъртък") ; Friday = mkDay (mkN014 "петък") ; Saturday = mkDay (mkN041 "събота") ; Sunday = mkDay (mkN047 "неделя") ; Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "утре" ; -- modifiers of places TheBest = mkSuperl L.good_A ; TheClosest = mkSuperl L.near_A ; TheCheapest = mkSuperl (mkA076 "евтин") ; TheMostExpensive = mkSuperl (mkA076 "скъп") ; TheMostPopular = mkSuperl (mkA079 "известен") ; TheWorst = mkSuperl L.bad_A ; SuperlPlace sup p = placeNP sup p ; -- transports HowFar place = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv place.name) ; HowFarFrom x y = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkNP y.name (SyntaxBul.mkAdv from_Prep x.name))) ; HowFarFromBy x y t = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkNP (mkNP y.name (SyntaxBul.mkAdv from_Prep x.name)) t)) ; HowFarBy y t = mkQS (mkQCl far_IAdv (mkNP y.name t)) ; WhichTranspPlace trans place = mkQS (mkQCl (mkIP which_IDet trans.name) (mkVP (mkVP L.go_V) place.to)) ; IsTranspPlace trans place = mkQS (mkQCl (mkCl (mkCN trans.name place.to))) ; Rice = mkCN (mkN040a "ориз") ; Pork = mkCN (mkN054 "свинско") ; Beef = mkCN (mkN054 "телешко") ; Egg = mkCN (mkN066 "яйце") ; Noodles = mkCN (mkN075 "спагети") ; Shrimps = mkCN (mkN041 "скарида") ; Chili = mkCN (mkN065 "чили") ; Garlic = mkCN (mkN007 "чесън") ; Durian = mkCN (mkN007 "дуриан") ; Mango = mkCN (mkN065 "манго") ; Pineapple = mkCN (mkN007 "ананас") ; Coke = mkCN (mkN041 "кола") ; IceCream = mkCN (mkN007 "сладолед") ; Salad = mkCN (mkN041 "салата") ; OrangeJuice = mkCN (mkA076 "портокалов") (mkN001 "сок") ; Lemonade = mkCN (mkN041 "лимонада") ; Beach = mkPlace (mkN001 "плаж") na_Prep ; ItsRaining = mkCl (mkVP (stateV (mkV174 "валя"))) ; ItsCold = mkCl (mkVP (mkA076 "студен")) ; ItsWarm = mkCl (mkVP (mkA080 "топъл")) ; ItsWindy = mkCl (mkVP (mkA076 "ветровит")) ; SunShine = mkCl (progressiveVP (mkVP (actionV (mkV186 "пеквам") (mkV148 "пека")))) ; Smoke = mkVP (stateV (mkV176 "пуша")) ; ADoctor = mkProfession (mkN007a "доктор") ; AProfessor = mkProfession (mkN007a "професор") ; ALawyer = mkProfession (mkN007a "адвокат") ; AEngineer = mkProfession (mkN007a "инженер") ; ATeacher = mkProfession (mkN031a "учител") ; ACook = mkProfession (mkN007b "готвач") ; AStudent = mkProfession (mkN007a "студент") ; ABusinessman = mkProfession (mkN007a "бизнесмен") ; -- auxiliaries oper mkProfession : N -> NPPerson -> Cl = \n,p -> mkCl p.name n ; mkCitizenship : N -> N -> A -> Citizenship = \male, female, adj -> lin Citizenship {s1 = table {R.Fem => female.s; _ => male.s}; s2 = adj} ; mkNat : N -> N -> A -> PN -> Nationality = \male, female, adj, country -> lin Nationality {s1 = table {R.Fem => female.s; _ => male.s}; s2 = adj; s3 = country} ; mkDay : N -> {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} = \d -> let day : NP = mkNP d ; in mkNPDay day (SyntaxBul.mkAdv in_Prep day) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP the_Quant plNum (mkCN d))) ; mkCompoundPlace : A -> N -> Prep -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \a, n, p -> mkCNPlace (mkCN a n) p to_Prep ; mkPlace : N -> Prep -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \n,p -> mkCNPlace (mkCN n) p to_Prep ; open_AP = mkAP (mkA076 "отворен") ; closed_AP = mkAP (mkA076 "затворен") ; xOf : GNumber -> N -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p -> relativePerson n (mkCN x) (\a,b,c -> mkNP (mkNP the_Quant a c) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv (mkPrep "" R.Dat) b)) p ; adj2noun : A -> N ; adj2noun a = let g = R.AMasc R.NonHuman in lin N {s = \\nf => a.s ! R.nform2aform nf g; g = g} ; mkTransport : N -> {name : CN ; by : Adv} = \n -> { name = mkCN n ; by = SyntaxBul.mkAdv with_Prep (mkNP n) } ; mkSuperl : A -> Det = \a -> SyntaxBul.mkDet the_Art (SyntaxBul.mkOrd a) ; far_IAdv = ExtraBul.IAdvAdv (ss "далече") ; na_Prep = mkPrep "на" R.Acc ; }