--2 Implementations of Words, with Polish as example concrete WordsPol of Words = SentencesPol ** open ResPol, SyntaxPol, (L = LexiconPol), (Q = QuestionPol), (N = NounPol), MorphoPol, Prelude in { flags optimize =values ; coding =utf8 ; lin -- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$. Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ; Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ; Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ; Cheese = mkCN L.cheese_N ; Chicken = mkCN kurczak ; Coffee = mkCN kawa; Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ; Meat = mkCN L.meat_N ; Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ; Pizza = mkCN pizza; Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ; Tea = mkCN herbata ; Water = mkCN L.water_N ; Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ; -- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$. Bad = L.bad_A ; Boring = mkA (mkRegAdj "nudny" "nudniejszy" "nudno" "nudniej" ); Cheap = mkA (mkRegAdj "tani" "tańszy" "tanio" "taniej" ); Cold = L.cold_A ; Delicious = mkA (mkRegAdj "pyszny" "pyszniejszy" "pysznie" "pyszniej") ; Expensive = mkA (mkRegAdj "drogi" "droższy" "drogo" "drożej" ); Fresh = mkA (mkRegAdj "świeży" "świeższy" "świeżo" "świeżej" ); Good = L.good_A ; Suspect = mkA (mkCompAdj "podejrzany" "podejrzanie" ); Warm = L.warm_A ; -- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages -- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as -- defined by $mkPlace$. Airport = mkPlaceNa lotnisko ; AmusementPark = mkPlaceDo ["wesołe miasteczko"] ["wesołego miasteczka"] ["wesołym miasteczku"] Neut; Bank = mkPlaceDo "bank" "banku" "banku" (Masc Inanimate); Bar = mkPlaceDo "bar" "baru" "barze" (Masc Inanimate); Cafeteria = mkPlaceDo "stołówka" "stołówki" "stołówce" Fem; Center = mkPlaceDo "centrum" "centrum" "centrum" Neut; Cinema = mkPlaceDo "kino" "kina" "kinie" Neut ; Church = mkPlaceDo "kościół" "kościoła" "kościele" (Masc Inanimate); Disco = mkPlaceNa "dyskoteka" "dyskotekę" "dyskotece" Fem ; Hospital = mkPlaceDo "szpital" "szpitala" "szpitalu" (Masc Inanimate); Hotel = mkPlaceDo "hotel" "hotelu" "hotelu" (Masc Inanimate) ; Museum = mkPlaceDo "muzeum" "muzeum" "muzeum" Neut ; Park = mkPlaceDo "park" "parku" "parku" (Masc Inanimate) ; Parking = mkPlaceNa "parking" "parking" "parkingu" (Masc Inanimate) ; Pharmacy = mkPlaceDo "apteka" "apteki" "aptece" Fem ; PostOffice = mkPlaceNa "poczta" "pocztę" "poczcie" Fem ; Pub = mkPlaceDo "pub" "pubu" "pubie" (Masc Inanimate) ; Restaurant = mkPlaceDo L.restaurant_N; School = mkPlaceDo L.school_N; Shop = mkPlaceDo "sklep" "sklepu" "sklepie" (Masc Inanimate) ; Station = mkPlaceNa "stacja" "stację" "stacji" Fem ; Supermarket = mkPlaceDo "supermarket" "supermarketu" "supermarkecie" (Masc Inanimate) ; Theatre = mkPlaceDo "teatr" "teatru" "teatrze" (Masc Inanimate) ; Toilet = mkPlaceDo "toaleta" "toalety" "toalecie" Fem ; University = mkPlaceNa L.university_N; Zoo = mkPlaceDo "zoo" "zoo" "zoo" Neut ; CitRestaurant cit = { name=(mkCN cit.prop (mkCN L.restaurant_N)); at = { s="w"; c=LocPrep; lock_Prep = <> }; to = {s="do"; c=GenPrep; lock_Prep = <>}; isPl = False }; -- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns. DanishCrown = mkCN (mkCurrency "korona duńska" "korony duńskie" "koron duńskich" Fem); Dollar = mkCN dolar ; Euro = mkCN (mkCurrency "euro" "euro" "euro" Neut); Lei = mkCN (mkCurrency "leja" "leje" "lei" Fem); Leva = mkCN (mkCurrency "lew" "lewy" "lewów" (Masc Animate)); NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkCurrency "korona norweska" "korony norweskie" "koron norweskich" Fem); Pound = mkCN (mkCurrency "funt" "funty" "funtów" (Masc Animate)); Rouble = mkCN (mkCurrency "rubel" "ruble" "rubli" (Masc Animate)); SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkCurrency "korona szwedzka" "korony szwedzkie" "koron szwedzkich" Fem); Zloty = mkCN (mkCurrency "złoty" "złote" "złotych" (Masc Animate)); -- Nationalities -- język, po języku, obywatelstwo, kraj, obywatelem, obywatelami, obywatelką Belgian = {prop=mkA (mkCompAdj "belgijski"); citizenMSg="Belgiem"; citizenMPl="Belgami"; citizenF="Belgijką"}; Belgium = mkNP belgia ; Bulgarian = mkNat "bułgarski" ["po bułgarsku"] "bułgarski" bulgaria "Bułgarem" "Bułgarami" "Bułgarką"; Catalan = mkNat "kataloński" ["po katalońsku"] "kataloński" katalonia "Katalończykiem" "Katalończykami" "Katalonką"; Danish = mkNat "duński" ["po duńsku"] "duński" katalonia "Duńczykiem" "Duńczykami" "Dunką"; Dutch = mkNat "holenderski" ["po holendersku"] "holenderski" holandia "Holendrem" "Holendrami" "Holenderką"; English = mkNat "angielski" ["po angielsku"] "angielski" anglia "Anglikiem" "Anglikami" "Angielką"; Finnish = mkNat "fiński" ["po fińsku"] "finladzki" finlandia "Finem" "Finami" "Finką"; Flemish = mkA (mkCompAdj "flamandzki" ["po flamandzku"]); French = mkNat "francuski" ["po francusku"] "francuski" francja "Framcuzem" "Francuzami" "Francuzką"; German = mkNat "niemiecki" ["po niemiecku"] "niemiecki" niemcy "Niemcem" "Niemcami" "Niemką"; Italian = mkNat "włoski" ["po włosku"] "włoski" wlochy "Włochem" "Włochami" "Włoszką"; Norwegian = mkNat "norweski" ["po norwesku"] "norweski" norwegia "Norwegiem" "Norwegami" "Norweszką"; Polish = mkNat "polski" ["po polsku"] "polski" polska "Polakiem" "Polakami" "Polką"; Romanian = mkNat "rumuński" ["po rumuńsku"] "rumuński" rumunia "Rumunem" "Rumunami" "Rumunką"; Russian = mkNat "rosyjski" ["po rosyjsku"] "rosyjski" rosja "Rosjaninem" "Rosjanami" "Rosjanką"; Spanish = mkNat "hiszpański" ["po hiszpańsku"] "hiszpański" hiszpania "Hiszpanem" "Hiszpanami" "Hiszpanką"; Swedish = mkNat "szwedzki" ["po szwedzku"] "szwedzki" szwecja "Szwedem" "Szwedami" "Szwedką"; -- Means of transportation Bike = {cn = mkCN L.bike_N ; verb="jedzie" }; Bus = mkTransport "autobus" "autobusem" (Masc Inanimate) "jedzie"; Car = {cn = mkCN L.car_N ; verb="jedzie" }; Ferry = mkTransport "prom" "promem" (Masc Inanimate) "płynie"; Plane = {cn = mkCN L.airplane_N ; verb="leci" }; Subway = mkTransport "metro" "metrem" Neut "jedzie"; Taxi = mkTransport "taksówka" "taksówką" Fem "jedzie"; Train = mkTransport "pociąg" "pociągiem" (Masc Inanimate) "jedzie"; Tram = mkTransport "tramwaj" "tramwajem" (Masc Inanimate) "jedzie"; ByFoot = ss "pieszo" ** {lock_Adv = <>}; -- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent. AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP (mkDet num) (mkCN L.year_N)) ; AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ; AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN (mkNTable0950 "pokój") (Masc Inanimate))) (SyntaxPol.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (L.person_N)))) ; AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (L.table_N)) (SyntaxPol.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (L.person_N)))) ; AHasName p name = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkMonoVerb "być" conj1 Imperfective) name.nom)); AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA (mkRegAdj "głodny" "głodniejszy" "głodno" "głodniej" )) ; AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA (mkCompAdj "chory")) ; AKnow p = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkMonoVerb "wiedzieć" conj103 Imperfective)) ; ALike p item = mkCl p.name (L.like_V2) item ; ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkMonoVerb "mieszkam" conj98 Imperfective) ("w" ++ co.dep!LocPrep))); ALove p q = mkCl p.name (L.love_V2) q.name ; AMarried p = mkCl p.name (case p.name.gn of { MascPersSg|MascAniSg|MascInaniSg|MascPersPl=> mkCompAdj "żonaty"; _=>mkCompAdj "zamężny"}) ; AReady p = mkCl p.name (L.ready_A) ; AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkReflVerb (mkMonoVerb "bać" conjbac Imperfective)) ; ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkMonoVerb "mówić" conj72 Imperfective) lang.advpos)) ; AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkMonoVerb "chcieć" conj45 Imperfective) ["pić"])); ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA (mkCompAdj "zmęczony")) ; AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkV "rozumieć" conj101 "zrozumieć" conj101)) ; AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (dirV2 (mkMonoVerb "chcieć" conj45 Imperfective)) obj ; AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkV1 "iść" conj41a "pójść" conj42) place.to.s)) ; -- miscellaneous QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl how_IAdv (mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkMonoVerb "mieć" conj100 Imperfective) ["na imię"])))); QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl howmany_IAdv (mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkComplicatedVerb (mkMonoVerb "mieć" conj100 Imperfective) ["lat"])))); HowMuchCost item = { s="ile" ++ (mkMonoVerb "kosztować" conj53 Imperfective).si!(VFinM (extract_num!item.gn) P3) ++ item.nom; lock_QS=<> } ; ItCost item price = mkCl item (dirV2 (mkMonoVerb "kosztować" conj53 Imperfective) ) price ; PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_A ; PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_A ; PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkAP d open_A) ; PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkAP d closed_A) ; PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkAP (ss d.hab) open_A) ; PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkAP (ss d.hab) closed_A) ; -- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use -- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ; PSeeYouDate d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("do zobaczenia"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ; PSeeYouPlace p = mkText (lin Text (ss ("do zobaczenia"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) ; PSeeYouPlaceDate p d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("do zobaczenia"))) (mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at))) ; -- -- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$ -- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of -- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns. -- Wife p = xOf p N.NumSg L.wife_N ; Husband p = xOf p N.NumSg L.husband_N ; Son p = xOf p N.NumSg (mkPer "syn" "syna" "syna" (Masc Personal)) ; Daughter p = xOf p N.NumSg (mkPer "córka" "córki" "córkę" Fem ); Children p = xOf p N.NumPl L.child_N ; -- week days Monday = { name="poniedziałek"; hab=["w poniedziałki"]; adv=["w poniedziałek"] } ; Tuesday = { name="wtorek"; hab=["we wtorki"]; adv=["we wtorek"] } ; Wednesday = { name="środa"; hab=["we środy"]; adv=["we środę"] } ; Thursday = { name="czwartek"; hab=["w czwartki"]; adv=["w czwartek"] } ; Friday = { name="piątek"; hab=["w piątki"]; adv=["w piątek"] } ; Saturday = { name="sobota"; hab=["w soboty"]; adv=["w sobotę"] } ; Sunday = { name="niedziela"; hab=["w niedziele"]; adv=["w niedzielę"] } ; Tomorrow = (ss "jutro") ** {lock_Adv = <>} ; -- modifiers of places TheBest = mkSuperl L.good_A ; TheClosest = mkSuperl L.near_A ; TheCheapest = mkSuperl (mkA (mkRegAdj "tani" "tańszy" "tanio" "taniej") ); TheMostExpensive = mkSuperl (mkA (mkRegAdj "drogi" "droższy" "drogo" "drożej" ) ); TheMostPopular = mkSuperl (mkA (mkRegAdj "popularny" "popularniejszy" "popularnie" "popularniej" ) ) ; TheWorst = mkSuperl L.bad_A ; SuperlPlace sup p = placeNP sup p ; -- transports HowFar place = mkQS (Q.QuestIComp (Q.CompIAdv far_IAdv) place.name) ; --jak daleko jest z cenrum do hotelu HowFarFrom x y = { s=["jak daleko jest z"] ++ x.name.dep!GenPrep ++ y.to.s; lock_QS=<> }; --jak daleko jest pieszo z centrum do hotelu HowFarFromBy x y t = { s=["jak daleko jest"] ++ t.s ++ "z" ++ x.name.dep!GenPrep ++ y.to.s; lock_QS=<> }; HowFarBy y t = { s=["jak daleko jest"] ++ t.s ++ y.to.s; lock_QS=<> }; WhichTranspPlace trans place = { s= ktory ! AF (cast_gennum!) Nom ++ trans.cn.s!Sg!Nom ++ trans.verb ++ place.to.s; lock_QS=<> }; IsTranspPlace trans place = { s= ["czy jest stąd"] ++ trans.cn.s!Sg!Nom ++ place.to.s; lock_QS=<> }; -- auxiliaries oper kurczak = mkN (mkNTable0173 "kurczak") (Masc Animate) ; oper kawa = mkN (mkNTable0021 "kawa") (Fem) ; oper pizza = mkN (mkNTable0175 "pizza") (Fem) ; oper herbata = mkN (mkNTable0026 "herbata") (Fem) ; oper lotnisko = mkN (mkNTable0265 "lotnisko") (Neut) ; oper lilja = mkN (mkNTable0060 "lilia") (Fem) ; oper niemcy = mkN (mkNTable0387 "Niemcy") (Plur) ; oper wlochy = mkN (mkNTable0482 "Włochy") (Plur) ; oper belgia = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Belgia") (Fem) ; oper bulgaria = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Bułgaria") (Fem) ; oper katalonia = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Katalonia") (Fem) ; oper dania = mkN (mkNTable0055 "Dania") (Fem) ; oper anglia = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Anglia") (Fem) ; oper holandia = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Holandia") (Fem) ; oper finlandia = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Finlandia") (Fem) ; oper francja = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Francja") (Fem) ; oper norwegia = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Norwegia") (Fem) ; oper polska = mkN (mkNTable0041 "Polska") (Fem) ; oper rumunia = mkN (mkNTable0032 "Rumunia") (Fem) ; oper rosja = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Rosja") (Fem) ; oper hiszpania = mkN (mkNTable0032 "Hiszpania") (Fem) ; oper szwecja = mkN (mkNTable0005 "Szwecja") (Fem) ; oper pokoj = mkN (mkNTable0526 "pokój") (Masc Inanimate) ; oper dolar = mkN (mkNTable0064 "dolar") (Masc Animate) ; oper mkA : Adj -> A = \adj -> adj ** { lock_A = <> }; mkPlaceDo = overload { mkPlaceDo : N -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \n -> { name = mkCN n; at = { s="w"; c=LocPrep; lock_Prep = <> }; to = {s="do"; c=GenPrep; lock_Prep = <>}; isPl = False }; mkPlaceDo : Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \nom,gen,loc,g -> { name = mkCN { s = table {SF Sg Nom => nom; SF Sg Gen => gen; SF Sg Loc => loc; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = g; lock_N=<> }; at = { s="w"; c=LocPrep; lock_Prep = <> }; to = {s="do"; c=GenPrep; lock_Prep = <>}; isPl = False }; }; mkPlaceNa = overload { mkPlaceNa : N -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \n -> { name = mkCN n; at = { s="na"; c=LocPrep; lock_Prep = <> }; to = {s="na"; c=AccPrep; lock_Prep = <>}; isPl = False }; mkPlaceNa : Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep; isPl : Bool} = \nom,acc,loc,g -> { name = mkCN { s = table {SF Sg Nom => nom; SF Sg Acc => acc; SF Sg Loc => loc; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = g; lock_N=<> }; at = { s="na"; c=LocPrep; lock_Prep = <> }; to = {s="na"; c=AccPrep; lock_Prep = <>}; isPl = False }; }; mkTransport : Str -> Str -> Gender -> Str -> {cn:CN; verb:Str} = \nom,instr,g,verb -> { cn = { s = \\n,c => case of { => nom; => instr; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = g; lock_CN=<> }; verb=verb }; mkCitizen = overload { mkCitizen : Str -> N = \s -> { s = table {SF Sg Instr => s; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = Fem; lock_N=<> }; mkCitizen : Str -> Str -> N = \inst, instpl -> { s = table {SF Sg Instr => inst; SF Pl Instr => instpl; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = Masc Personal; lock_N=<> }; }; mkPer : Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> N = \nom,gen,acc,g -> { s = table {SF Sg Nom => nom; SF Sg Gen => gen; SF Sg Acc => acc; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = g; lock_N=<> }; mkCurrency : Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> N = \nom,nompl,genpl,g -> { s = table {SF Sg Nom => nom; SF Pl (Nom|Acc) => nompl; SF Pl Gen => genpl; _ => ["not implemented"]}; g = g; lock_N=<> }; mkNat : Str -> Str -> Str -> N -> Str -> Str -> Str -> { lang: A; prop: A; country: NP; citizenMSg:Str; citizenMPl: Str; citizenF:Str } = \lang,ladv,prop,country,citiMsg, citiMpl, citiF -> { lang = mkA (mkCompAdj lang ladv); prop = mkA (mkCompAdj prop); country=mkNP country; citizenMSg=citiMsg; citizenMPl=citiMpl; citizenF=citiF }; open_A : A = (mkA (mkCompAdj "otwarty")); closed_A : A = (mkA (mkCompAdj "zamknięty")); xOf : NPPerson -> Num -> N -> NPPerson = \p,num,n -> { name = case p.isPron of { True => mkNP (mkDet p.poss num) n; False => mkNP (mkNP (mkDet a_Quant num) n) ({s=p.name.dep!GenNoPrep; lock_Adv=<>}) }; isPron = False; poss = p.poss }; --it is not used, because it is not a pron mkSuperl : A -> Det = \a -> SyntaxPol.mkDet the_Art (SyntaxPol.mkOrd a) ; far_IAdv : IAdv = (ss ["jak daleko"]) ** {lock_IAdv = <>}; howmany_IAdv : IAdv = (ss ["ile"]) ** {lock_IAdv = <>}; }