Crypto.Saltine.Core.ScalarMult

Scalar multiplication: Crypto.Saltine.Core.ScalarMult

The mult function multiplies a group element by an integer of length multScalar. It returns the resulting group element of length mult. The multBase function multiplies a standard group element by an integer of length multScalar. It returns the resulting group element of length mult.

The correspondence between strings and group elements depends on the primitive implemented by mult. The correspondence is not necessarily injective in either direction, but it is compatible with scalar multiplication in the group. The correspondence does not necessarily include all group elements, but it does include all strings; i.e., every string represents at least one group element.

The correspondence between strings and integers also depends on the primitive implemented by mult. Every string represents at least one integer.

mult is designed to be strong as a component of various well-known "hashed Diffie–Hellman" applications. In particular, it is designed to make the "computational Diffie–Hellman" problem (CDH) difficult with respect to the standard base. mult is also designed to make CDH difficult with respect to other nontrivial bases. In particular, if a represented group element has small order, then it is annihilated by all represented scalars. This feature allows protocols to avoid validating membership in the subgroup generated by the standard base.

NaCl does not make any promises regarding the "decisional Diffie–Hellman" problem (DDH), the "static Diffie–Hellman" problem (SDH), etc. Users are responsible for hashing group elements.

mult is the function crypto_scalarmult_curve25519 specified in "Cryptography in NaCl", Sections 2, 3, and 4 (http://nacl.cr.yp.to/valid.html). This function is conjectured to be strong. For background see Bernstein, "Curve25519: new Diffie-Hellman speed records," Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3958 (2006), 207–228, http://cr.yp.to/papers.html#curve25519.

This is version 2010.08.30 of the scalarmult.html web page.

Documentation

data Scalar

A scalar integer.

Instances

Eq Scalar

Methods

(==) :: Scalar -> Scalar -> Bool

(/=) :: Scalar -> Scalar -> Bool

IsEncoding Scalar

Methods

encode :: Scalar -> ByteString

decode :: ByteString -> Maybe Scalar

encoded :: (Choice p, Applicative f) => p Scalar (f Scalar) -> p ByteString (f ByteString)

data GroupElement

A group element.

Instances

Eq GroupElement

Methods

(==) :: GroupElement -> GroupElement -> Bool

(/=) :: GroupElement -> GroupElement -> Bool

IsEncoding GroupElement

Methods

encode :: GroupElement -> ByteString

decode :: ByteString -> Maybe GroupElement

encoded :: (Choice p, Applicative f) => p GroupElement (f GroupElement) -> p ByteString (f ByteString)

mult :: Scalar -> GroupElement -> GroupElement

multBase :: Scalar -> GroupElement