{-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns, CPP, RecordWildCards #-}
-- |
-- Module      : Data.Text.Lazy.IO
-- Copyright   : (c) 2009, 2010 Bryan O'Sullivan,
--               (c) 2009 Simon Marlow
-- License     : BSD-style
-- Maintainer  : bos@serpentine.com
-- Stability   : experimental
-- Portability : GHC
--
-- Efficient locale-sensitive support for lazy text I\/O.
--
-- Skip past the synopsis for some important notes on performance and
-- portability across different versions of GHC.

module Data.Text.Lazy.IO
    (
    -- * Performance
    -- $performance 

    -- * Locale support
    -- $locale
    -- * File-at-a-time operations
      readFile
    , writeFile
    , appendFile
    -- * Operations on handles
    , hGetContents
    , hGetLine
    , hPutStr
    , hPutStrLn
    -- * Special cases for standard input and output
    , interact
    , getContents
    , getLine
    , putStr
    , putStrLn
    ) where

import Data.Text.Lazy (Text)
import Prelude hiding (appendFile, catch, getContents, getLine, interact,
                       putStr, putStrLn, readFile, writeFile)
import System.IO (Handle, IOMode(..), hPutChar, openFile, stdin, stdout,
                  withFile)
import qualified Data.Text.IO as T
import qualified Data.Text.Lazy as L
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ <= 610
import Data.Text.Lazy.Encoding (decodeUtf8)
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as S8
import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy.Char8 as L8
#else
import Control.Exception (catch, throwIO)
import Control.Monad (when)
import Data.IORef (readIORef)
import Data.Text.IO.Internal (hGetLineWith, readChunk)
import Data.Text.Lazy.Internal (chunk, empty)
import GHC.IO.Buffer (isEmptyBuffer)
import GHC.IO.Exception (IOException(..), IOErrorType(..), ioException)
import GHC.IO.Handle.Internals (augmentIOError, hClose_help,
                                wantReadableHandle, withHandle)
import GHC.IO.Handle.Types (Handle__(..), HandleType(..))
import System.IO (BufferMode(..), hGetBuffering, hSetBuffering)
import System.IO.Error (isEOFError)
import System.IO.Unsafe (unsafeInterleaveIO)
#endif

-- $performance
--
-- The functions in this module obey the runtime system's locale,
-- character set encoding, and line ending conversion settings.
--
-- If you know in advance that you will be working with data that has
-- a specific encoding (e.g. UTF-8), and your application is highly
-- performance sensitive, you may find that it is faster to perform
-- I\/O with bytestrings and to encode and decode yourself than to use
-- the functions in this module.
--
-- Whether this will hold depends on the version of GHC you are using,
-- the platform you are working on, the data you are working with, and
-- the encodings you are using, so be sure to test for yourself.

-- | Read a file and return its contents as a string.  The file is
-- read lazily, as with 'getContents'.
readFile :: FilePath -> IO Text
readFile name = openFile name ReadMode >>= hGetContents

-- | Write a string to a file.  The file is truncated to zero length
-- before writing begins.
writeFile :: FilePath -> Text -> IO ()
writeFile p = withFile p WriteMode . flip hPutStr

-- | Write a string the end of a file.
appendFile :: FilePath -> Text -> IO ()
appendFile p = withFile p AppendMode . flip hPutStr

-- | Lazily read the remaining contents of a 'Handle'.  The 'Handle'
-- will be closed after the read completes, or on error.
hGetContents :: Handle -> IO Text
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ <= 610
hGetContents = fmap decodeUtf8 . L8.hGetContents
#else
hGetContents h = do
  chooseGoodBuffering h
  wantReadableHandle "hGetContents" h $ \hh -> do
    ts <- lazyRead h
    return (hh{haType=SemiClosedHandle}, ts)

-- | Use a more efficient buffer size if we're reading in
-- block-buffered mode with the default buffer size.
chooseGoodBuffering :: Handle -> IO ()
chooseGoodBuffering h = do
  bufMode <- hGetBuffering h
  when (bufMode == BlockBuffering Nothing) $
    hSetBuffering h (BlockBuffering (Just 16384))

lazyRead :: Handle -> IO Text
lazyRead h = unsafeInterleaveIO $
  withHandle "hGetContents" h $ \hh -> do
    case haType hh of
      ClosedHandle     -> return (hh, L.empty)
      SemiClosedHandle -> lazyReadBuffered h hh
      _                -> ioException 
                          (IOError (Just h) IllegalOperation "hGetContents"
                           "illegal handle type" Nothing Nothing)

lazyReadBuffered :: Handle -> Handle__ -> IO (Handle__, Text)
lazyReadBuffered h hh@Handle__{..} = do
   buf <- readIORef haCharBuffer
   (do t <- readChunk hh buf
       ts <- lazyRead h
       return (hh, chunk t ts)) `catch` \e -> do
         (hh', _) <- hClose_help hh
         if isEOFError e
           then return $ if isEmptyBuffer buf
                         then (hh', empty)
                         else (hh', L.singleton '\r')
           else throwIO (augmentIOError e "hGetContents" h)
#endif

-- | Read a single line from a handle.
hGetLine :: Handle -> IO Text
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ <= 610
hGetLine = fmap (decodeUtf8 . L8.fromChunks . (:[])) . S8.hGetLine
#else
hGetLine = hGetLineWith L.fromChunks
#endif

-- | Write a string to a handle.
hPutStr :: Handle -> Text -> IO ()
hPutStr h = mapM_ (T.hPutStr h) . L.toChunks

-- | Write a string to a handle, followed by a newline.
hPutStrLn :: Handle -> Text -> IO ()
hPutStrLn h t = hPutStr h t >> hPutChar h '\n'

-- | The 'interact' function takes a function of type @Text -> Text@
-- as its argument. The entire input from the standard input device is
-- passed (lazily) to this function as its argument, and the resulting
-- string is output on the standard output device.
interact :: (Text -> Text) -> IO ()
interact f = putStr . f =<< getContents

-- | Lazily read all user input on 'stdin' as a single string.
getContents :: IO Text
getContents = hGetContents stdin

-- | Read a single line of user input from 'stdin'.
getLine :: IO Text
getLine = hGetLine stdin

-- | Write a string to 'stdout'.
putStr :: Text -> IO ()
putStr = hPutStr stdout

-- | Write a string to 'stdout', followed by a newline.
putStrLn :: Text -> IO ()
putStrLn = hPutStrLn stdout

-- $locale
--
-- /Note/: The behaviour of functions in this module depends on the
-- version of GHC you are using.
--
-- Beginning with GHC 6.12, text I\/O is performed using the system or
-- handle's current locale and line ending conventions.
--
-- Under GHC 6.10 and earlier, the system I\/O libraries /do not
-- support/ locale-sensitive I\/O or line ending conversion.  On these
-- versions of GHC, functions in this library all use UTF-8.  What
-- does this mean in practice?
--
-- * All data that is read will be decoded as UTF-8.
--
-- * Before data is written, it is first encoded as UTF-8.
--
-- * On both reading and writing, the platform's native newline
--   conversion is performed.
--
-- If you must use a non-UTF-8 locale on an older version of GHC, you
-- will have to perform the transcoding yourself, e.g. as follows:
--
-- > import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as B
-- > import Data.Text.Lazy (Text)
-- > import Data.Text.Lazy.Encoding (encodeUtf16)
-- >
-- > putStr_Utf16LE :: Text -> IO ()
-- > putStr_Utf16LE t = B.putStr (encodeUtf16LE t)