λ5 * (x + 3). x λ(x + 3) * 5. x λ5 * (x - 3). x λ(x - 3) * 5. x λ5 + x - 3. x λ5 + x - 3. x λ5 + (x - 3). x λ1 + x + 2 + 3. x λ1 + (x + (2 + 3)). x λ(p + 1) / (q + 1). p + q λ-p / q. p + q