{-# LANGUAGE RecursiveDo #-} -- From https://ocharles.org.uk/blog/posts/2014-12-09-recursive-do.html import Control.Monad.Fix data RoseTree a = RoseTree a [RoseTree a] deriving (Show) exampleTree :: RoseTree Int exampleTree = RoseTree 5 [RoseTree 4 [], RoseTree 6 []] pureMax :: Ord a => RoseTree a -> RoseTree (a, a) pureMax tree = let (t, largest) = go largest tree in t where go :: Ord a => a -> RoseTree a -> (RoseTree (a, a), a) go biggest (RoseTree x []) = (RoseTree (x, biggest) [], x) go biggest (RoseTree x xs) = let sub = map (go biggest) xs (xs', largests) = unzip sub in (RoseTree (x, biggest) xs', max x (maximum largests)) t = pureMax exampleTree -- --------------------------------------------------------------------- impureMin :: (MonadFix m, Ord b) => (a -> m b) -> RoseTree a -> m (RoseTree (a, b)) impureMin f tree = do rec (t, largest) <- go largest tree return t where go smallest (RoseTree x []) = do b <- f x return (RoseTree (x, smallest) [], b) go smallest (RoseTree x xs) = do sub <- mapM (go smallest) xs b <- f x let (xs', bs) = unzip sub return (RoseTree (x, smallest) xs', min b (minimum bs)) budget :: String -> IO Int budget "Ada" = return 10 -- A struggling startup programmer budget "Curry" = return 50 -- A big-earner in finance budget "Dijkstra" = return 20 -- Teaching is the real reward budget "Howard" = return 5 -- An frugile undergraduate! inviteTree = RoseTree "Ada" [ RoseTree "Dijkstra" [] , RoseTree "Curry" [ RoseTree "Howard" []] ] ti = impureMin budget inviteTree simplemdo = mdo return 5