/* mpfr_log2 -- log base 2

Copyright 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by the AriC and Caramel projects, INRIA.

This file is part of the GNU MPFR Library.

The GNU MPFR Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.

The GNU MPFR Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with the GNU MPFR Library; see the file COPYING.LESSER.  If not, see
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ or write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */

#define MPFR_NEED_LONGLONG_H
#include "mpfr-impl.h"

 /* The computation of r=log2(a)
      r=log2(a)=log(a)/log(2)      */

int
mpfr_log2 (mpfr_ptr r, mpfr_srcptr a, mpfr_rnd_t rnd_mode)
{
  int inexact;
  MPFR_SAVE_EXPO_DECL (expo);

  MPFR_LOG_FUNC
    (("a[%Pu]=%.*Rg rnd=%d", mpfr_get_prec (a), mpfr_log_prec, a, rnd_mode),
     ("r[%Pu]=%.*Rg inexact=%d", mpfr_get_prec (r), mpfr_log_prec, r,
      inexact));

  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (MPFR_IS_SINGULAR (a)))
    {
      /* If a is NaN, the result is NaN */
      if (MPFR_IS_NAN (a))
        {
          MPFR_SET_NAN (r);
          MPFR_RET_NAN;
        }
      /* check for infinity before zero */
      else if (MPFR_IS_INF (a))
        {
          if (MPFR_IS_NEG (a))
            /* log(-Inf) = NaN */
            {
              MPFR_SET_NAN (r);
              MPFR_RET_NAN;
            }
          else /* log(+Inf) = +Inf */
            {
              MPFR_SET_INF (r);
              MPFR_SET_POS (r);
              MPFR_RET (0);
            }
        }
      else /* a is zero */
        {
          MPFR_ASSERTD (MPFR_IS_ZERO (a));
          MPFR_SET_INF (r);
          MPFR_SET_NEG (r);
          mpfr_set_divby0 ();
          MPFR_RET (0); /* log2(0) is an exact -infinity */
        }
    }

  /* If a is negative, the result is NaN */
  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (MPFR_IS_NEG (a)))
    {
      MPFR_SET_NAN (r);
      MPFR_RET_NAN;
    }

  /* If a is 1, the result is 0 */
  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (mpfr_cmp_ui (a, 1) == 0))
    {
      MPFR_SET_ZERO (r);
      MPFR_SET_POS (r);
      MPFR_RET (0); /* only "normal" case where the result is exact */
    }

  /* If a is 2^N, log2(a) is exact*/
  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (mpfr_cmp_ui_2exp (a, 1, MPFR_GET_EXP (a) - 1) == 0))
    return mpfr_set_si(r, MPFR_GET_EXP (a) - 1, rnd_mode);

  MPFR_SAVE_EXPO_MARK (expo);

  /* General case */
  {
    /* Declaration of the intermediary variable */
    mpfr_t t, tt;
    /* Declaration of the size variable */
    mpfr_prec_t Ny = MPFR_PREC(r);              /* target precision */
    mpfr_prec_t Nt;                             /* working precision */
    mpfr_exp_t err;                             /* error */
    MPFR_ZIV_DECL (loop);

    /* compute the precision of intermediary variable */
    /* the optimal number of bits : see algorithms.tex */
    Nt = Ny + 3 + MPFR_INT_CEIL_LOG2 (Ny);

    /* initialise of intermediary       variable */
    mpfr_init2 (t, Nt);
    mpfr_init2 (tt, Nt);

    /* First computation of log2 */
    MPFR_ZIV_INIT (loop, Nt);
    for (;;)
      {
        /* compute log2 */
        mpfr_const_log2(t,MPFR_RNDD); /* log(2) */
        mpfr_log(tt,a,MPFR_RNDN);     /* log(a) */
        mpfr_div(t,tt,t,MPFR_RNDN); /* log(a)/log(2) */

        /* estimation of the error */
        err = Nt-3;
        if (MPFR_LIKELY (MPFR_CAN_ROUND (t, err, Ny, rnd_mode)))
          break;

        /* actualisation of the precision */
        MPFR_ZIV_NEXT (loop, Nt);
        mpfr_set_prec (t, Nt);
        mpfr_set_prec (tt, Nt);
      }
    MPFR_ZIV_FREE (loop);

    inexact = mpfr_set (r, t, rnd_mode);

    mpfr_clear (t);
    mpfr_clear (tt);
  }

  MPFR_SAVE_EXPO_FREE (expo);
  return mpfr_check_range (r, inexact, rnd_mode);
}