-- |Provides a type for natural numbers. module Data.Natural ( Natural ) where import Data.Monoid -- |The type of natural numbers. newtype Natural = Natural Integer deriving (Eq, Ord) instance Enum Natural where -- We define succ explicitely to avoid the unnecessary negativity check. succ (Natural integer) = Natural (succ integer) toEnum = fromInteger . toEnum fromEnum = fromEnum . toInteger {- The following methods have to be implemented explicitely, because the default implementation uses Int values as intermediate values, which would preclude the use of very large numbers. Furthermore, some methods can avoid the negativity check. -} enumFrom (Natural start) = map Natural (enumFrom start) enumFromThen (Natural start) (Natural next) = map fromInteger (enumFromThen start next) enumFromTo (Natural start) (Natural end) = map Natural (enumFromTo start end) enumFromThenTo (Natural start) (Natural next) (Natural end) = map fromInteger $ enumFromThenTo start next end instance Show Natural where showsPrec prec (Natural integer) = showsPrec prec integer instance Read Natural where readsPrec prec str = map (first fromInteger) (readsPrec prec str) where -- This is Control.Arrow.first, specialized to (->). first :: (val -> val') -> (val,other) -> (val',other) first fun (val,other) = (fun val,other) instance Num Natural where Natural integer1 + Natural integer2 = Natural (integer1 + integer2) Natural integer1 * Natural integer2 = Natural (integer1 * integer2) negate = fromInteger . negate . toInteger abs = id signum (Natural integer) = Natural (signum integer) fromInteger integer | integer >= 0 = Natural integer | otherwise = error "Data.Natural: natural cannot be negative" instance Real Natural where toRational = toRational . toInteger instance Integral Natural where quotRem (Natural integer1) (Natural integer2) = let (quot,rem) = quotRem integer1 integer2 in (Natural quot,Natural rem) toInteger (Natural integer) = integer instance Monoid Natural where mempty = 0 mappend = (+) mconcat = sum