# pandoc-plot 

## A Pandoc filter to generate figures from code blocks in documents

[![Hackage version](https://img.shields.io/hackage/v/pandoc-plot.svg)](http://hackage.haskell.org/package/pandoc-plot) [![Stackage version (nightly)](http://stackage.org/package/pandoc-plot/badge/nightly)](http://stackage.org/nightly/package/pandoc-plot) [![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/mmgiuk52j356e6jp?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/LaurentRDC/pandoc-plot) [![Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/laurentdecotret/pandoc-plot/_apis/build/status/LaurentRDC.pandoc-plot?branchName=master)](https://dev.azure.com/laurentdecotret/pandoc-plot/_build/latest?definitionId=5&branchName=master) ![GitHub](https://img.shields.io/github/license/LaurentRDC/pandoc-plot) [![Conda Version](https://img.shields.io/conda/vn/conda-forge/pandoc-plot.svg)](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/pandoc-plot)

`pandoc-plot` turns code blocks present in your documents (Markdown, LaTeX, etc.) into embedded figures, using your plotting toolkit of choice, including Matplotlib, ggplot2, MATLAB, Mathematica, and more.

## Table of content

* [Overview](#overview)
* [Supported toolkits](#supported-toolkits)
* [Features](#features)
    * [Captions](#captions)
    * [Link to source code](#link-to-source-code)
    * [Preamble scripts](#preamble-scripts)
    * [Performance](#performance)
    * [Compatibility with pandoc-crossref](#compatibility-with-pandoc-crossref)
* [Configuration](#configuration)
    * [Toolkit-specific options](#toolkit-specific-options)
* [Detailed usage](#detailed-usage)
    * [As a filter](#as-a-filter)
    * [Cleaning output](#cleaning-output)
    * [Configuration template](#configuration-template)
    * [As a Haskell library](#as-a-haskell-library)
        * [Usage with Hakyll](#usage-with-hakyll)
* [Installation](#installation)
* [Warning](#warning)

## Overview

This program is a [Pandoc](https://pandoc.org/) filter. It can therefore be used in the middle of conversion from input format to output format, replacing code blocks with figures.

The filter recognizes code blocks with classes that match plotting toolkits. For example, using the `matplotlib` toolkit:

~~~markdown
# My document

This is a paragraph.

```{.matplotlib}
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure()
plt.plot([0,1,2,3,4], [1,2,3,4,5])
plt.title('This is an example figure')
```
~~~

Putting the above in `input.md`, we can then generate the plot and embed it in an HTML page:

```bash
pandoc --filter pandoc-plot input.md --output output.html
```

*Note that pandoc-plot only works with pandoc >= 2.8 because of some breaking changes in pandoc's API.*

## Supported toolkits

`pandoc-plot` currently supports the following plotting toolkits (**installed separately**):

* `matplotlib`: plots using the [matplotlib](https://matplotlib.org/) Python library;
* `plotly_python` : plots using the [plotly](https://plot.ly/python/) Python library;
* `matlabplot`: plots using [MATLAB](https://www.mathworks.com/);
* `mathplot` : plots using [Mathematica](https://www.wolfram.com/mathematica/);
* `octaveplot`: plots using [GNU Octave](https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/);
* `ggplot2`: plots using [ggplot2](https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/);
* `gnuplot`: plots using [gnuplot](http://www.gnuplot.info/);


To know which toolkits are useable on *your machine* (and which ones are not available), you can check with the `--toolkits/-t` flag:

```bash
pandoc-plot --toolkits
```

**Wish your plotting toolkit of choice was available? Please [raise an issue](https://github.com/LaurentRDC/pandoc-plot/issues)!**

## Features

### Captions

You can also specify a caption for your image. This is done using the optional `caption` parameter.

__Markdown__:

~~~markdown
```{.matlabplot caption="This is a simple figure with a **Markdown** caption"}
x  = 0: .1 : 2*pi;
y1 = cos(x);
y2 = sin(x);

figure
plot(x, y1, 'b', x, y2, 'r-.', 'LineWidth', 2)
```
~~~

__LaTex__:

```latex
\begin{minted}[caption=This is a simple figure with a caption]{matlabplot}
x  = 0: .1 : 2*pi;
y1 = cos(x);
y2 = sin(x);

figure
plot(x, y1, 'b', x, y2, 'r-.', 'LineWidth', 2)
\end{minted}
```

Caption formatting unfortunately cannot be determined automatically. To specify a caption format (e.g. "markdown", "LaTeX", etc.), see [Configuration](#configuration).

### Link to source code

In case of an output format that supports links (e.g. HTML), the embedded image generated by `pandoc-plot` can show a link to the source code which was used to generate the file. Therefore, other people can see what code was used to create your figures. 

You can turn this on via the `source=true` key:

__Markdown__:

~~~markdown
```{.mathplot source=true}
...
```
~~~

__LaTex__:

```latex
\begin{minted}[source=true]{mathplot}
...
\end{minted}
```

or via a [configuration file](#Configuration).

### Preamble scripts

If you find yourself always repeating some steps, inclusion of scripts is possible using the `preamble` parameter. For example, if you want all Matplotlib plots to have the [`ggplot`](https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/introductory/customizing.html#sphx-glr-tutorials-introductory-customizing-py) style, you can write a very short preamble `style.py` like so:

```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('ggplot')
```

and include it in your document as follows:

~~~markdown
```{.matplotlib preamble=style.py}
plt.figure()
plt.plot([0,1,2,3,4], [1,2,3,4,5])
plt.title('This is an example figure')
```
~~~

Which is equivalent to writing the following markdown:

~~~markdown
```{.matplotlib}
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('ggplot')

plt.figure()
plt.plot([0,1,2,3,4], [1,2,3,4,5])
plt.title('This is an example figure')
```
~~~

The equivalent LaTeX usage is as follows:

```latex
\begin{minted}[include=style.py]{matplotlib}

\end{minted}
```

This `preamble` parameter is perfect for longer documents with many plots. Simply define the style you want in a separate script! You can also import packages this way, or define functions you often use.

### Performance

`pandoc-plot` minimizes work, only generating figures if it absolutely must, i.e. if the content has changed. `pandoc-plot` will save the hash of the source code used to generate a figure in its filename. Before generating a figure, `pandoc-plot` will check it this figure already exists based on the hash of its source! This also means that there is no way to directly name figures.

Moreover, starting with version 0.5.0.0, `pandoc-plot` takes advantage of multicore CPUs, rendering figures **in parallel**.

Therefore, you can confidently run the filter on very large documents containing hundreds of figures, like a book or a thesis.

### Compatibility with pandoc-crossref

[`pandoc-crossref`](https://github.com/lierdakil/pandoc-crossref) is a pandoc filter that makes it effortless to cross-reference objects in Markdown documents. 

You can use `pandoc-crossref` in conjunction with `pandoc-plot` for the ultimate figure-making pipeline. You can combine both in a figure like so:

~~~markdown
```{#fig:myexample .plotly_python caption="This is a caption"}
# Insert figure script here
```

As you can see in @fig:myexample, ...
~~~

If the above source is located in file `myfile.md`, you can render the figure and references by applying `pandoc-plot` **first**, and then `pandoc-crossref`. For example:

```bash
pandoc --filter pandoc-plot --filter pandoc-crossref -i myfile.md -o myfile.html
```

## Configuration

To avoid repetition, `pandoc-plot` can be configured using simple YAML files. `pandoc-plot` will look for a `.pandoc-plot.yml` file in the current working directory. Here are **all** the possible parameters:

```yaml
# The following parameters affect all toolkits
directory: plots/
source: false
dpi: 80
format: PNG
caption_format: markdown+tex_math_dollars

# The possible parameters for the Matplotlib toolkit
matplotlib:
  preamble: matplotlib.py
  tight_bbox: false
  transparent: false
  executable: python

# The possible parameters for the MATLAB toolkit
matlabplot:
  preamble: matlab.m
  executable: matlab

# The possible parameters for the Plotly/Python toolkit
plotly_python:
  preamble: plotly-python.py
  executable: python

# The possible parameters for the Mathematica toolkit
mathplot:
  preamble: mathematica.m
  executable: math

# The possible parameters for the GNU Octave toolkit
octaveplot:
  preamble: octave.m
  executable: octave

# The possible parameters for the ggplot2 toolkit
ggplot2:
  preamble: ggplot2.r
  executable: Rscript

# The possible parameters for the gnuplot toolkit
gnuplot:
  preamble: gnuplot.gp
  executable: gnuplot

```

A file like the above sets the **default** values; you can still override them in documents directly.

Using `pandoc-plot write-example-config` will write the default configuration to a file which you can then customize.

### Executables

The `executable` parameter for all toolkits can be either the executable name (if it is present on the PATH), or the full path to the executable.

Examples:

```yaml
matplotlib:
  executable: python3
```

```yaml
matlabplot:
  executable: "C:\Program Files\Matlab\R2019b\bin\matlab.exe"
```

### Toolkit-specific options

#### Matplotlib

* `tight_bbox` is a boolean that determines whether to use `bbox_inches="tight"` or not when saving Matplotlib figures. For example, `tight_bbox: true`. See [here](https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.savefig.html) for details.
* `transparent` is a boolean that determines whether to make Matplotlib figure background transparent or not. This is useful, for example, for displaying a plot on top of a colored background on a web page. High-resolution figures are not affected. For example, `transparent: true`.

## Detailed usage

`pandoc-plot` is a command line executable with a few functions. You can take a look at the help using the `-h`/`--help` flag:

```bash
$ pandoc-plot --help
pandoc-plot - generate figures directly in documents using your plotting toolkit
of choice.

Usage: pandoc-plot.exe ([-v|--version] | [--full-version] | [-m|--manual] |   
                       [-t|--toolkits]) [COMMAND] [AST]
  This pandoc filter generates plots from code blocks using a multitude of    
  possible renderers. This allows to keep documentation and figures in perfect
  synchronicity.

Available options:
  -v,--version             Show version number and exit.
  --full-version           Show full version information and exit.
  -m,--manual              Open the manual page in the default web browser and
                           exit.
  -t,--toolkits            Show information on toolkits and exit. Executables
                           from the configuration file will be used, if a
                           '.pandoc-plot.yml' file is in the current directory.
  -h,--help                Show this help text

Available commands:
  clean                    Clean output directories where figures from FILE
                           might be stored. WARNING: All files in those
                           directories will be deleted.
  write-example-config     Write example configuration to a file.

More information can be found via the manual (pandoc-plot --manual) or the repository README, located at
    https://github.com/LaurentRDC/pandoc-plot
```

### As a filter

The most common use for `pandoc-plot` is as a pandoc filter, in which case it should be called without arguments. For example:

```bash
pandoc --filter pandoc-plot -i input.md -o output.html
```

If `pandoc-plot` fails to render a code block into a figure, the filtering will not stop. Your code blocks will stay unchanged.

You can chain other filters with it (e.g., [`pandoc-crossref`](https://github.com/lierdakil/pandoc-crossref)) like so:

```bash
pandoc --filter pandoc-plot --filter pandoc-crossref -i input.md -o output.html
```

### Cleaning output

Figures produced by `pandoc-plot` can be placed in a few different locations. You can set a default location in the [Configuration](#configuration), but you can also re-direct specific figures in other directories if you use the `directory=...` argument in code blocks. These figures will build up over time. You can use the `clean` command to scan documents and delete the associated `pandoc-plot` output files. For example, to delete the figures generated from the `input.md` file:

```bash
pandoc-plot clean input.md
```

This sill remove all directories where a figure *could* have been placed. **WARNING**: all files will be removed.

### Configuration template

Because `pandoc-plot` supports a few toolkits, there are a lot of configuration options. Don't start from scratch! The `write-example-config` command will create a file for you, which you can then modify:

```bash
pandoc-plot write-example-config
```

You will need to re-name the file to `.pandoc-ploy.yml` to be able to use it, so don't worry about overwriting your own configuration.

### As a Haskell library

To include the functionality of `pandoc-plot` in a Haskell package, you can use the `makePlot` function (for single blocks) or `plotTransform` function (for entire documents). [Take a look at the documentation on Hackage](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/pandoc-plot).

#### Usage with Hakyll

In case you want to use the filter with your own Hakyll setup, you can use a transform function that works on entire documents:

```haskell
import Text.Pandoc.Filter.Plot (plotTransform)

import Data.Default (def) -- From data-default package, for default configuration
import Hakyll

-- Unsafe compiler is required because of the interaction
-- in IO (i.e. running an external script).
makePlotPandocCompiler :: Compiler (Item String)
makePlotPandocCompiler = 
  pandocCompilerWithTransformM
    defaultHakyllReaderOptions
    defaultHakyllWriterOptions
    (unsafeCompiler . plotTransform def) -- default configuration
```

## Installation

### Binaries and Installers

Windows, Linux, and Mac OS binaries are available on the [GitHub release page](https://github.com/LaurentRDC/pandoc-plot/releases). There are also Windows installers.

### conda

Like `pandoc`, `pandoc-plot` is available as a package installable with [`conda`](https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/). [Click here to see the package page](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/pandoc-plot).

To install in the current environment:

```sh
conda install -c conda-forge pandoc-plot
```

### From Hackage/Stackage

`pandoc-plot` is available on [Hackage](http://hackage.haskell.org/package/pandoc-plot) and [Stackage](https://www.stackage.org/nightly/package/pandoc-plot). Using the [`cabal-install`](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/) tool:

```bash
cabal update
cabal install pandoc-plot
```

or

```bash
stack update
stack install pandoc-plot
```

### From source

Building from source can be done using [`stack`](https://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/README/) or [`cabal`](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/):

```bash
git clone https://github.com/LaurentRDC/pandoc-plot
cd pandoc-plot
stack install # Alternatively, `cabal install`
```

## Warning

Do not run this filter on unknown documents. There is nothing in `pandoc-plot` that can stop a script from performing **evil actions**.