-- Hoogle documentation, generated by Haddock -- See Hoogle, http://www.haskell.org/hoogle/ -- | Process libraries -- -- This package contains libraries for dealing with system processes. @package process @version 1.2.0.0 -- | Operations for creating and interacting with sub-processes. module System.Process -- | This is the most general way to spawn an external process. The process -- can be a command line to be executed by a shell or a raw command with -- a list of arguments. The stdin, stdout, and stderr streams of the new -- process may individually be attached to new pipes, to existing -- Handles, or just inherited from the parent (the default.) -- -- The details of how to create the process are passed in the -- CreateProcess record. To make it easier to construct a -- CreateProcess, the functions proc and shell are -- supplied that fill in the fields with default values which can be -- overriden as needed. -- -- createProcess returns (mb_stdin_hdl, -- mb_stdout_hdl, mb_stderr_hdl, ph), where -- -- -- -- Similarly for mb_stdout_hdl and -- mb_stderr_hdl. -- -- For example, to execute a simple ls command: -- -- 
--   r <- createProcess (proc "ls" [])
--
-- -- To create a pipe from which to read the output of ls: -- -- 
--   (_, Just hout, _, _) <-
--       createProcess (proc "ls" []){ std_out = CreatePipe }
--
-- -- To also set the directory in which to run ls: -- -- 
--   (_, Just hout, _, _) <-
--       createProcess (proc "ls" []){ cwd = Just "\home\bob",
--                                     std_out = CreatePipe }
--
createProcess :: CreateProcess -> IO (Maybe Handle, Maybe Handle, Maybe Handle, ProcessHandle) -- | Construct a CreateProcess record for passing to -- createProcess, representing a command to be passed to the -- shell. shell :: String -> CreateProcess -- | Construct a CreateProcess record for passing to -- createProcess, representing a raw command with arguments. -- -- The FilePath argument names the executable, and is interpreted -- according to the platform's standard policy for searching for -- executables. Specifically: -- -- proc :: FilePath -> [String] -> CreateProcess data CreateProcess CreateProcess :: CmdSpec -> Maybe FilePath -> Maybe [(String, String)] -> StdStream -> StdStream -> StdStream -> Bool -> Bool -> Bool -> CreateProcess -- | Executable & arguments, or shell command cmdspec :: CreateProcess -> CmdSpec -- | Optional path to the working directory for the new process cwd :: CreateProcess -> Maybe FilePath -- | Optional environment (otherwise inherit from the current process) env :: CreateProcess -> Maybe [(String, String)] -- | How to determine stdin std_in :: CreateProcess -> StdStream -- | How to determine stdout std_out :: CreateProcess -> StdStream -- | How to determine stderr std_err :: CreateProcess -> StdStream -- | Close all file descriptors except stdin, stdout and stderr in the new -- process (on Windows, only works if std_in, std_out, and std_err are -- all Inherit) close_fds :: CreateProcess -> Bool -- | Create a new process group create_group :: CreateProcess -> Bool -- | Delegate control-C handling. Use this for interactive console -- processes to let them handle control-C themselves (see below for -- details). -- -- On Windows this has no effect. -- -- Since: 1.2.0.0 delegate_ctlc :: CreateProcess -> Bool data CmdSpec -- | a command line to execute using the shell ShellCommand :: String -> CmdSpec -- | the filename of an executable with a list of arguments. see -- proc for the precise interpretation of the FilePath -- field. RawCommand :: FilePath -> [String] -> CmdSpec data StdStream -- | Inherit Handle from parent Inherit :: StdStream -- | Use the supplied Handle UseHandle :: Handle -> StdStream -- | Create a new pipe. The returned Handle will use the default -- encoding and newline translation mode (just like Handles -- created by openFile). CreatePipe :: StdStream data ProcessHandle -- | Creates a new process to run the specified command with the given -- arguments, and wait for it to finish. If the command returns a -- non-zero exit code, an exception is raised. -- -- If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing -- callProcess. The forked process will be terminated and -- callProcess will wait (block) until the process has been -- terminated. -- -- Since: 1.2.0.0 callProcess :: FilePath -> [String] -> IO () -- | Creates a new process to run the specified shell command. If the -- command returns a non-zero exit code, an exception is raised. -- -- If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing -- callCommand. The forked process will be terminated and -- callCommand will wait (block) until the process has been -- terminated. -- -- Since: 1.2.0.0 callCommand :: String -> IO () -- | Creates a new process to run the specified raw command with the given -- arguments. It does not wait for the program to finish, but returns the -- ProcessHandle. -- -- Since: 1.2.0.0 spawnProcess :: FilePath -> [String] -> IO ProcessHandle -- | Creates a new process to run the specified shell command. It does not -- wait for the program to finish, but returns the ProcessHandle. -- -- Since: 1.2.0.0 spawnCommand :: String -> IO ProcessHandle -- | readProcess forks an external process, reads its standard -- output strictly, blocking until the process terminates, and returns -- the output string. -- -- If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing -- readProcess. The forked process will be terminated and -- readProcess will wait (block) until the process has been -- terminated. -- -- Output is returned strictly, so this is not suitable for interactive -- applications. -- -- This function throws an IOError if the process ExitCode -- is anything other than ExitSuccess. -- -- Users of this function should compile with -threaded if they -- want other Haskell threads to keep running while waiting on the result -- of readProcess. -- -- 
--   > readProcess "date" [] []
--   "Thu Feb  7 10:03:39 PST 2008\n"
--
-- -- The arguments are: -- -- readProcess :: FilePath -> [String] -> String -> IO String -- | readProcessWithExitCode creates an external process, reads -- its standard output and standard error strictly, waits until the -- process terminates, and then returns the ExitCode of the -- process, the standard output, and the standard error. -- -- If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing -- readProcessWithExitCode. The forked process will be -- terminated and readProcessWithExitCode will wait (block) -- until the process has been terminated. -- -- readProcess and readProcessWithExitCode are fairly -- simple wrappers around createProcess. Constructing variants of -- these functions is quite easy: follow the link to the source code to -- see how readProcess is implemented. -- -- On Unix systems, see waitForProcess for the meaning of exit -- codes when the process died as the result of a signal. readProcessWithExitCode :: FilePath -> [String] -> String -> IO (ExitCode, String, String) -- | Given a program p and arguments args, -- showCommandForUser p args returns a string -- suitable for pasting into /bin/sh (on Unix systems) or -- CMD.EXE (on Windows). showCommandForUser :: FilePath -> [String] -> String -- | Waits for the specified process to terminate, and returns its exit -- code. -- -- GHC Note: in order to call waitForProcess without blocking -- all the other threads in the system, you must compile the program with -- -threaded. -- -- (Since: 1.2.0.0) On Unix systems, a negative value -- ExitFailure -signum indicates that the child -- was terminated by signal signum. The signal numbers -- are platform-specific, so to test for a specific signal use the -- constants provided by System.Posix.Signals in the unix -- package. Note: core dumps are not reported, use -- System.Posix.Process if you need this detail. waitForProcess :: ProcessHandle -> IO ExitCode -- | This is a non-blocking version of waitForProcess. If the -- process is still running, Nothing is returned. If the process -- has exited, then Just e is returned where e -- is the exit code of the process. -- -- On Unix systems, see waitForProcess for the meaning of exit -- codes when the process died as the result of a signal. getProcessExitCode :: ProcessHandle -> IO (Maybe ExitCode) -- | Attempts to terminate the specified process. This function should not -- be used under normal circumstances - no guarantees are given regarding -- how cleanly the process is terminated. To check whether the process -- has indeed terminated, use getProcessExitCode. -- -- On Unix systems, terminateProcess sends the process the SIGTERM -- signal. On Windows systems, the Win32 TerminateProcess -- function is called, passing an exit code of 1. -- -- Note: on Windows, if the process was a shell command created by -- createProcess with shell, or created by -- runCommand or runInteractiveCommand, then -- terminateProcess will only terminate the shell, not the command -- itself. On Unix systems, both processes are in a process group and -- will be terminated together. terminateProcess :: ProcessHandle -> IO () -- | Sends an interrupt signal to the process group of the given process. -- -- On Unix systems, it sends the group the SIGINT signal. -- -- On Windows systems, it generates a CTRL_BREAK_EVENT and will only work -- for processes created using createProcess and setting the -- create_group flag interruptProcessGroupOf :: ProcessHandle -> IO () -- | Runs a raw command, optionally specifying Handles from which to -- take the stdin, stdout and stderr channels -- for the new process (otherwise these handles are inherited from the -- current process). -- -- Any Handles passed to runProcess are placed immediately -- in the closed state. -- -- Note: consider using the more general createProcess instead of -- runProcess. runProcess :: FilePath -> [String] -> Maybe FilePath -> Maybe [(String, String)] -> Maybe Handle -> Maybe Handle -> Maybe Handle -> IO ProcessHandle -- | Runs a command using the shell. runCommand :: String -> IO ProcessHandle -- | Runs a raw command, and returns Handles that may be used to -- communicate with the process via its stdin, stdout -- and stderr respectively. -- -- For example, to start a process and feed a string to its stdin: -- -- 
--   (inp,out,err,pid) <- runInteractiveProcess "..."
--   forkIO (hPutStr inp str)
--
-- -- The Handles are initially in binary mode; if you need them to -- be in text mode then use hSetBinaryMode. runInteractiveProcess :: FilePath -> [String] -> Maybe FilePath -> Maybe [(String, String)] -> IO (Handle, Handle, Handle, ProcessHandle) -- | Runs a command using the shell, and returns Handles that may be -- used to communicate with the process via its stdin, -- stdout, and stderr respectively. The Handles -- are initially in binary mode; if you need them to be in text mode then -- use hSetBinaryMode. runInteractiveCommand :: String -> IO (Handle, Handle, Handle, ProcessHandle) -- | Computation system cmd returns the exit code produced when -- the operating system runs the shell command cmd. -- -- This computation may fail with one of the following IOErrorType -- exceptions: -- -- -- -- On Windows, system passes the command to the Windows command -- interpreter (CMD.EXE or COMMAND.COM), hence Unixy -- shell tricks will not work. -- -- On Unix systems, see waitForProcess for the meaning of exit -- codes when the process died as the result of a signal. system :: String -> IO ExitCode -- | The computation rawSystem cmd args runs -- the operating system command cmd in such a way that it -- receives as arguments the args strings exactly as -- given, with no funny escaping or shell meta-syntax expansion. It will -- therefore behave more portably between operating systems than -- system. -- -- The return codes and possible failures are the same as for -- system. rawSystem :: String -> [String] -> IO ExitCode -- | Executing an external command. -- -- This module provides a simple interface for executing external -- commands. For a more complex, but more powerful, interface, see the -- System.Process module. -- | Deprecated: Use System.Process instead module System.Cmd -- | Computation system cmd returns the exit code produced when -- the operating system runs the shell command cmd. -- -- This computation may fail with one of the following IOErrorType -- exceptions: -- -- -- -- On Windows, system passes the command to the Windows command -- interpreter (CMD.EXE or COMMAND.COM), hence Unixy -- shell tricks will not work. -- -- On Unix systems, see waitForProcess for the meaning of exit -- codes when the process died as the result of a signal. system :: String -> IO ExitCode -- | The computation rawSystem cmd args runs -- the operating system command cmd in such a way that it -- receives as arguments the args strings exactly as -- given, with no funny escaping or shell meta-syntax expansion. It will -- therefore behave more portably between operating systems than -- system. -- -- The return codes and possible failures are the same as for -- system. rawSystem :: String -> [String] -> IO ExitCode