śĪ!LĀZ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYSafe"#=} process[A handle to a process, which can be used to wait for termination of the process using .dNone of the process-creation functions in this library wait for termination: they all return a 6 which may be used to wait for the process later.¤On Windows a second wait method can be used to block for event completion. This requires two handles. A process job handle and a events handle to monitor.processInherit Handle from parentprocessUse the supplied Handleprocess"Create a new pipe. The returned HandleI will use the default encoding and newline translation mode (just like Handle s created by openFile).processNo stream handle will be passedprocess)A command line to execute using the shellprocess2The name of an executable with a list of argumentsThe Z argument names the executable, and is interpreted according to the platform's standard policy for searching for executables. Specifically:on Unix systems the  Ehttp://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execvp.html execvp(3)U semantics is used, where if the executable filename does not contain a slash (/ ) then the PATH8 environment variable is searched for the executable.on Windows systems the Win32  CreateProcessģ semantics is used. Briefly: if the filename does not contain a path, then the directory containing the parent executable is searched, followed by the current directory, then some standard locations, and finally the current PATH. An .exek extension is added if the filename does not already have an extension. For full details see the  Rhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365527%28v=vs.85%29.aspx documentation for the Windows  SearchPath API.processAcontains the handles returned by a call to createProcess_Internalprocess.Executable & arguments, or shell command. If   is [Q, relative paths are resolved with respect to the current working directory. If  a is provided, it is implementation-dependent whether relative paths are resolved with respect to  Z or the current working directory, so absolute paths should be used to ensure portability. process:Optional path to the working directory for the new process!processAOptional environment (otherwise inherit from the current process)"processHow to determine stdin#processHow to determine stdout$processHow to determine stderr%process–Close all file descriptors except stdin, stdout and stderr in the new process (on Windows, only works if std_in, std_out, and std_err are all Inherit)&processCreate a new process group'processˆDelegate control-C handling. Use this for interactive console processes to let them handle control-C themselves (see below for details).On Windows this has no effect.(processaUse the windows DETACHED_PROCESS flag when creating the process; does nothing on other platforms.)processcUse the windows CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE flag when creating the process; does nothing on other platforms. Default: False*process\Use posix setsid to start the new process in a new session; does nothing on other platforms.+processRUse posix setgid to set child process's group id; does nothing on other platforms. Default: Nothing,processQUse posix setuid to set child process's user id; does nothing on other platforms. Default: Nothing-processOn Windows systems this flag indicates that we should wait for the entire process tree to finish before unblocking. On POSIX systems this flag is ignored. Default: False\process construct a  from a string literal5    !"#$%&'()*+,-./01]^_`abNoneI;cprocesspTurns a shell command into a raw command. Usually this involves wrapping it in an invocation of the shell.²There's a difference in the signature of commandToProcess between the Windows and Unix versions. On Unix, exec takes a list of strings, and we want to pass our command to binsh as a single argument.”On Windows, CreateProcess takes a single string for the command, which is later decomposed by cmd.exe. In this case, we just want to prepend "c:WINDOWSCMD.EXE /c"Š to our command line. The command-line translation that we normally do for arguments on Windows isn't required (or desirable) here.dprocessA process in the process group23e4f56789ghid"(c) The University of Glasgow 2004/BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)libraries@haskell.org experimentalportable Trustworthy by:process&This function is almost identical to . The only differences are:js provided via  are not closed automatically.This function takes an extra String3 argument to be used in creating error messages.-ˆ can be set in CreateProcess since 1.5.0.0 in order to create an I/O completion port to monitor a process tree's progress on Windows.¼The function also returns two new handles: * an I/O Completion Port handle on which events will be signaled. * a Job handle which can be used to kill all running processes.?On POSIX platforms these two new handles will always be Nothing*This function has been available from the System.Process.Internals+ module for some time, and is part of the System.Process module since version 1.2.1.0.>process;Create a pipe for interprocess communication and return a (readEnd, writeEnd) j pair.?process;Create a pipe for interprocess communication and return a (readEnd, writeEnd) k pair.@processDSends an interrupt signal to the process group of the given process.6On Unix systems, it sends the group the SIGINT signal.dOn Windows systems, it generates a CTRL_BREAK_EVENT and will only work for processes created using  createProcess and setting the & flag:process"function name (for error messages)=process"function name (for error messages)processhandler for SIGINTprocesshandler for SIGQUIT@processA process in the process groupA    !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@A   .3201 !"#$%&'()*+,-:=576<89/4;>?@'(c) The University of Glasgow 2004-2008/BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)libraries@haskell.org experimental#non-portable (requires concurrency)Safe ĻAprocess4The platform specific type for a process identifier.LThis is always an integral type. Width and signedness are platform specific.Bprocess Construct a  record for passing to D-, representing a raw command with arguments.See ( for precise semantics of the specified FilePath.Cprocess Construct a  record for passing to D4, representing a command to be passed to the shell.Dprocess’This is the most general way to spawn an external process. The process can be a command line to be executed by a shell or a raw command with a list of arguments. The stdin, stdout, and stderr streams of the new process may individually be attached to new pipes, to existing j3s, or just inherited from the parent (the default.);The details of how to create the process are passed in the + record. To make it easier to construct a , the functions B and C[ are supplied that fill in the fields with default values which can be overriden as needed.D returns ( mb_stdin_hdl,  mb_stdout_hdl,  mb_stderr_hdl, ph), whereif " == , then  mb_stdin_hdl will be Just h , where hB is the write end of the pipe connected to the child process's stdin. otherwise,  mb_stdin_hdl == NothingSimilarly for  mb_stdout_hdl and  mb_stderr_hdl.!For example, to execute a simple ls command: # r <- createProcess (proc "ls" [])2To create a pipe from which to read the output of ls: T (_, Just hout, _, _) <- createProcess (proc "ls" []){ std_out = CreatePipe }*To also set the directory in which to run ls:  (_, Just hout, _, _) <- createProcess (proc "ls" []){ cwd = Just "\home\bob", std_out = CreatePipe } Note that Handles provided for std_in, std_out, or std_err via the  UseHandleŠ constructor will be closed by calling this function. This is not always the desired behavior. In cases where you would like to leave the Handle3 open after spawning the child process, please use : instead. All created HandleMs are initially in text mode; if you need them to be in binary mode then use l.EprocessA m-style resource handler for D.‘Does automatic cleanup when the action finishes. If there is an exception in the body then it ensures that the process gets terminated and any  jSs are closed. In particular this means that if the Haskell thread is killed (e.g. n1), that the external process is also terminated.e.g. PwithCreateProcess (proc cmd args) { ... } $ \stdin stdout stderr ph -> do ...FprocessCleans up the process.}This function is meant to be invoked from any application level cleanup handler. It terminates the process, and closes any  handles.GprocessCreates a new process to run the specified raw command with the given arguments. It does not wait for the program to finish, but returns the .HprocesswCreates a new process to run the specified shell command. It does not wait for the program to finish, but returns the .IprocessÆCreates a new process to run the specified command with the given arguments, and wait for it to finish. If the command returns a non-zero exit code, an exception is raised.@If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing  callProcess-, the forked process will be terminated and  callProcess: will wait (block) until the process has been terminated.Jprocess€Creates a new process to run the specified shell command. If the command returns a non-zero exit code, an exception is raised.@If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing  callCommand-, the forked process will be terminated and  callCommand: will wait (block) until the process has been terminated.Kprocess readProcess¹ forks an external process, reads its standard output strictly, blocking until the process terminates, and returns the output string. The external process inherits the standard error.@If an asynchronous exception is thrown to the thread executing  readProcess,, the forked process will be terminated and  readProcess: will wait (block) until the process has been terminated.SOutput is returned strictly, so this is not suitable for interactive applications.This function throws an o if the process p is anything other than q". If instead you want to get the p then use M.+Users of this function should compile with  -threadeda if they want other Haskell threads to keep running while waiting on the result of readProcess. = > readProcess "date" [] [] "Thu Feb 7 10:03:39 PST 2008\n"The arguments are:OThe command to run, which must be in the $PATH, or an absolute or relative path8A list of separate command line arguments to the program9A string to pass on standard input to the forked process.LprocessreadCreateProcess works exactly like K except that it lets you pass  giving better flexibility. A > readCreateProcess (shell "pwd" { cwd = "/etc/" }) "" "/etc\n" Note that Handles provided for std_in or std_out/ via the CreateProcess record will be ignored.MprocessreadProcessWithExitCode is like  readProcess but with two differences:it returns the pI of the process, and does not throw any exception if the code is not q.†it reads and returns the output from process' standard error handle, rather than the process inheriting the standard error handle.On Unix systems, see QP for the meaning of exit codes when the process died as the result of a signal.NprocessreadCreateProcessWithExitCode works exactly like M except that it lets you pass  giving better flexibility. Note that Handles provided for std_in, std_out, or std_err/ via the CreateProcess record will be ignored.rprocessOFork a thread while doing something else, but kill it if there's an exception.ĢThis is important in the cases above because we want to kill the thread that is holding the Handle lock, because when we clean up the process we try to close that handle, which could otherwise deadlock.OprocessGiven a program p and arguments args, showCommandForUser p args/ returns a string suitable for pasting into /bin/sh (on Unix systems) or CMD.EXE (on Windows).Pprocess-Returns the PID (process ID) of a subprocess.[Ū is returned if the handle was already closed. Otherwise a PID is returned that remains valid as long as the handle is open. The operating system may reuse the PID as soon as the last handle to the process is closed.QprocessHWaits for the specified process to terminate, and returns its exit code.GHC Note: in order to call waitForProcessY without blocking all the other threads in the system, you must compile the program with  -threaded.(Since: 1.2.0.0$) On Unix systems, a negative value s -signum3 indicates that the child was terminated by signal signumk. The signal numbers are platform-specific, so to test for a specific signal use the constants provided by System.Posix.Signals in the unix1 package. Note: core dumps are not reported, use System.Posix.Process if you need this detail.Rprocess"This is a non-blocking version of Q$. If the process is still running, [/ is returned. If the process has exited, then t e is returned where e! is the exit code of the process.On Unix systems, see QO for the meaning of exit codes when the process died as the result of a signal.SprocessńAttempts to terminate the specified process. This function should not be used under normal circumstances - no guarantees are given regarding how cleanly the process is terminated. To check whether the process has indeed terminated, use R.On Unix systems, S? sends the process the SIGTERM signal. On Windows systems, if - is u then the Win32 TerminateJobObject function is called to kill all processes associated with the job and passing the exit code of 1 to each of them. Otherwise if - is v then the Win32 TerminateProcess/ function is called, passing an exit code of 1.ANote: on Windows, if the process was a shell command created by D with C, or created by T or V, then S’ will only terminate the shell, not the command itself. On Unix systems, both processes are in a process group and will be terminated together.TprocessRuns a command using the shell.Uprocess*Runs a raw command, optionally specifying js from which to take the stdin, stdout and stderri channels for the new process (otherwise these handles are inherited from the current process).Any j s passed to U1 are placed immediately in the closed state.&Note: consider using the more general D instead of U.Vprocess,Runs a command using the shell, and returns j@s that may be used to communicate with the process via its stdin, stdout , and stderr respectively.Wprocess Runs a raw command, and returns j@s that may be used to communicate with the process via its stdin, stdout and stderr respectively.?For example, to start a process and feed a string to its stdin: M (inp,out,err,pid) <- runInteractiveProcess "..." forkIO (hPutStr inp str)Xprocess Computation  system cmdQ returns the exit code produced when the operating system runs the shell command cmd.4This computation may fail with one of the following  exceptions: PermissionDeniedAThe process has insufficient privileges to perform the operation.ResourceExhausted>Insufficient resources are available to perform the operation.UnsupportedOperation1The implementation does not support system calls. On Windows, X8 passes the command to the Windows command interpreter (CMD.EXE or  COMMAND.COM*), hence Unixy shell tricks will not work.On Unix systems, see QO for the meaning of exit codes when the process died as the result of a signal.YprocessThe computation Y cmd args# runs the operating system command cmd1 in such a way that it receives as arguments the args˜ strings exactly as given, with no funny escaping or shell meta-syntax expansion. It will therefore behave more portably between operating systems than X.;The return codes and possible failures are the same as for X.Kprocess Filename of the executable (see  for details)process any argumentsprocessstandard inputprocessstdoutLprocessstandard inputprocessstdoutMprocess Filename of the executable (see  for details)process any argumentsprocessstandard inputprocessexitcode, stdout, stderrNprocessstandard inputprocessexitcode, stdout, stderrUprocess Filename of the executable (see  for details)process#Arguments to pass to the executableprocess&Optional path to the working directoryprocess(Optional environment (otherwise inherit)processHandle to use for stdin (Nothing => use existing stdin)processHandle to use for stdout (Nothing => use existing stdout)processHandle to use for stderr (Nothing => use existing stderr)Wprocess Filename of the executable (see  for details)process#Arguments to pass to the executableprocess&Optional path to the working directoryprocess(Optional environment (otherwise inherit)7 !"#$%&'()*+,-:>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY7D:CB !"#$%&'()*+,-IJGHLKNMEFOAPQRS@>?UTWVXY "(c) The University of Glasgow 2001/BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)libraries@haskell.org provisionalportableSafe®XYXYw    !"#$%%&'()**+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abc de fghijklmnopqrstu vw xy z{ |} ~ € €‚ €ƒ„ €… f†‡ˆ‰‡ˆŠ‹&process-1.6.4.0-JCSkBtVrhb82fZ6bafWpk8System.Process.InternalsSystem.ProcessSystem.Process.CommonwaitForProcessSystem.Process.Posix createProcessSystem.IO.Error IOErrorType System.CmdbaseGHC.IO.Handle.FD fdToHandleSystem.Posix.TypesCGidUserIDGroupID unix-2.7.2.2System.Posix.Process.InternalspPrPr_disableITimers c_execvpe ProcessHandlephandlemb_delegate_ctlc waitpidLockProcessHandle__ OpenHandle OpenExtHandle ClosedHandle StdStreamInherit UseHandle CreatePipeNoStreamCmdSpec ShellCommand RawCommandProcRetHandles hStdInput hStdOutput hStdError procHandle CreateProcesscmdspeccwdenvstd_instd_outstd_err close_fds create_group delegate_ctlcdetach_consolecreate_new_console new_session child_group child_useruse_process_jobsPHANDLEwithFilePathExceptionmodifyProcessHandlewithProcessHandlemkProcessHandle closePHANDLEwithCEnvironmentstartDelegateControlCstopDelegateControlCendDelegateControlC ignoreSignal defaultSignalcreateProcess_ translate unwrapHandlesrunGenProcess_ createPipe createPipeFdinterruptProcessGroupOfPidprocshellwithCreateProcesscleanupProcess spawnProcess spawnCommand callProcess callCommand readProcessreadCreateProcessreadProcessWithExitCodereadCreateProcessWithExitCodeshowCommandForUsergetPidgetProcessExitCodeterminateProcess runCommand runProcessrunInteractiveCommandrunInteractiveProcesssystem rawSystemGHC.IOFilePathGHC.BaseNothing$fIsStringCmdSpecfd_stdin fd_stdout fd_stderrmbFdmbPipe pfdToHandlecommandToProcessinterruptProcessGroupOfInternaltranslateInternalcreateProcess_InternalisDefaultSignalcreatePipeInternalcreatePipeInternalFdGHC.IO.Handle.TypesHandleSystem.Posix.InternalsFD GHC.IO.HandlehSetBinaryModeControl.Exception.Basebracket GHC.Conc.Sync killThreadGHC.IO.ExceptionIOErrorExitCode ExitSuccess withForkWait ExitFailureJustghc-prim GHC.TypesTrueFalse