{-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-} {-# LANGUAGE CPP #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-} {-# LANGUAGE DeriveFunctor #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-} {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-} {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} {-# LANGUAGE PatternGuards #-} {-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-} {-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-} {-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-} -- | This module provides both a native Haskell solution for parsing XML -- documents into a stream of events, and a set of parser combinators for -- dealing with a stream of events. -- -- As a simple example: -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Conduit (runConduit, (.|)) -- >>> import Data.Text (Text, unpack) -- >>> import Data.XML.Types (Event) -- >>> data Person = Person Int Text Text deriving Show -- >>> :{ -- let parsePerson :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe Person) -- parsePerson = tag' "person" parseAttributes $ \(age, goodAtHaskell) -> do -- name <- content -- return $ Person (read $ unpack age) name goodAtHaskell -- where parseAttributes = (,) <$> requireAttr "age" <*> requireAttr "goodAtHaskell" <* ignoreAttrs -- parsePeople :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe [Person]) -- parsePeople = tagNoAttr "people" $ many parsePerson -- inputXml = mconcat -- [ "" -- , "" -- , " Michael" -- , " Eliezer" -- , "" -- ] -- :} -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def inputXml .| force "people required" parsePeople -- [Person 25 "Michael" "yes",Person 2 "Eliezer" "might become"] -- -- -- This module also supports streaming results using 'yield'. -- This allows parser results to be processed using conduits -- while a particular parser (e.g. 'many') is still running. -- Without using streaming results, you have to wait until the parser finished -- before you can process the result list. Large XML files might be easier -- to process by using streaming results. -- See http://stackoverflow.com/q/21367423/2597135 for a related discussion. -- -- >>> import Data.Conduit.List as CL -- >>> :{ -- let parsePeople' :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event Person m (Maybe ()) -- parsePeople' = tagNoAttr "people" $ manyYield parsePerson -- :} -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def inputXml .| force "people required" parsePeople' .| CL.mapM_ print -- Person 25 "Michael" "yes" -- Person 2 "Eliezer" "might become" -- -- Previous versions of this module contained a number of more sophisticated -- functions written by Aristid Breitkreuz and Dmitry Olshansky. To keep this -- package simpler, those functions are being moved to a separate package. This -- note will be updated with the name of the package(s) when available. module Text.XML.Stream.Parse ( -- * Parsing XML files parseBytes , parseBytesPos , parseText , parseTextPos , detectUtf , parseFile , parseLBS -- ** Parser settings , ParseSettings , def , DecodeEntities , DecodeIllegalCharacters , psDecodeEntities , psDecodeIllegalCharacters , psRetainNamespaces -- *** Entity decoding , decodeXmlEntities , decodeHtmlEntities -- * Event parsing , tag , tag' , tagNoAttr , tagIgnoreAttrs , content , contentMaybe -- * Ignoring tags/trees , ignoreEmptyTag , ignoreTree , ignoreContent , ignoreTreeContent , ignoreAnyTreeContent -- * Streaming events , takeContent , takeTree , takeTreeContent , takeAnyTreeContent -- * Tag name matching , NameMatcher(..) , matching , anyOf , anyName -- * Attribute parsing , AttrParser , attr , requireAttr , optionalAttr , requireAttrRaw , optionalAttrRaw , ignoreAttrs -- * Combinators , orE , choose , many , many_ , manyIgnore , many' , force -- * Streaming combinators , manyYield , manyYield' , manyIgnoreYield -- * Exceptions , XmlException (..) -- * Other types , PositionRange , EventPos ) where import Conduit import Control.Applicative (Alternative (empty, (<|>)), Applicative (..), (<$>)) import qualified Control.Applicative as A import Control.Arrow ((***)) import Control.Exception (Exception (..), SomeException) import Control.Monad (ap, liftM, void) import Control.Monad.Fix (fix) import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO) import Control.Monad.Trans.Class (lift) import Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe (MaybeT (..)) import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource (MonadResource, MonadThrow (..), throwM) import Data.Attoparsec.Text (Parser, anyChar, char, manyTill, skipWhile, string, takeWhile, takeWhile1, try) import qualified Data.Attoparsec.Text as AT import qualified Data.ByteString as S import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L import Data.Char (isSpace) import Data.Conduit.Attoparsec (PositionRange, conduitParser) import qualified Data.Conduit.Text as CT import Data.Default.Class (Default (..)) import Data.List (foldl', intercalate) import qualified Data.Map as Map import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe, isNothing) import Data.String (IsString (..)) import Data.Text (Text, pack) import qualified Data.Text as T import Data.Text.Encoding (decodeUtf8With) import Data.Text.Encoding.Error (lenientDecode) import Data.Typeable (Typeable) import Data.XML.Types (Content (..), Event (..), ExternalID (..), Instruction (..), Name (..)) import Prelude hiding (takeWhile) import Text.XML.Stream.Token type Ents = [(Text, Text)] tokenToEvent :: ParseSettings -> Ents -> [NSLevel] -> Token -> (Ents, [NSLevel], [Event]) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenXMLDeclaration _) = (es, n, []) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenInstruction i) = (es, n, [EventInstruction i]) tokenToEvent ps es n (TokenBeginElement name as isClosed _) = (es, n', if isClosed then [begin, end] else [begin]) where l0 = case n of [] -> NSLevel Nothing Map.empty x:_ -> x (as', l') = foldl' go (id, l0) as go (front, l) (TName kpref kname, val) = (addNS front, l'') where isPrefixed = kpref == Just "xmlns" isUnprefixed = isNothing kpref && kname == "xmlns" addNS | not (psRetainNamespaces ps) && (isPrefixed || isUnprefixed) = id | otherwise = (((tname, map resolve val):) .) where tname | isPrefixed = TName Nothing ("xmlns:" `T.append` kname) | otherwise = TName kpref kname l'' | isPrefixed = l { prefixes = Map.insert kname (contentsToText val) $ prefixes l } | isUnprefixed = l { defaultNS = if T.null $ contentsToText val then Nothing else Just $ contentsToText val } | otherwise = l resolve (ContentEntity e) | Just t <- lookup e es = ContentText t resolve c = c n' = if isClosed then n else l' : n fixAttName (name', val) = (tnameToName True l' name', val) elementName = tnameToName False l' name begin = EventBeginElement elementName $ map fixAttName $ as' [] end = EventEndElement elementName tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenEndElement name) = (es, n', [EventEndElement $ tnameToName False l name]) where (l, n') = case n of [] -> (NSLevel Nothing Map.empty, []) x:xs -> (x, xs) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenContent (ContentEntity e)) | Just t <- lookup e es = (es, n, [EventContent $ ContentText t]) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenContent c) = (es, n, [EventContent c]) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenComment c) = (es, n, [EventComment c]) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenDoctype t eid es') = (es ++ es', n, [EventBeginDoctype t eid, EventEndDoctype]) tokenToEvent _ es n (TokenCDATA t) = (es, n, [EventCDATA t]) tnameToName :: Bool -> NSLevel -> TName -> Name tnameToName _ _ (TName (Just "xml") name) = Name name (Just "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace") (Just "xml") tnameToName isAttr (NSLevel def' _) (TName Nothing name) = Name name (if isAttr then Nothing else def') Nothing tnameToName _ (NSLevel _ m) (TName (Just pref) name) = case Map.lookup pref m of Just ns -> Name name (Just ns) (Just pref) Nothing -> Name name Nothing (Just pref) -- FIXME is this correct? -- | Automatically determine which UTF variant is being used. This function -- first checks for BOMs, removing them as necessary, and then check for the -- equivalent of ConduitT S.ByteString T.Text m () detectUtf = conduit id where conduit front = await >>= maybe (return ()) (push front) push front bss = either conduit (uncurry checkXMLDecl) (getEncoding front bss) getEncoding front bs' | S.length bs < 4 = Left (bs `S.append`) | otherwise = Right (bsOut, mcodec) where bs = front bs' bsOut = S.append (S.drop toDrop x) y (x, y) = S.splitAt 4 bs (toDrop, mcodec) = case S.unpack x of [0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xFF] -> (4, Just CT.utf32_be) [0xFF, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00] -> (4, Just CT.utf32_le) 0xFE : 0xFF: _ -> (2, Just CT.utf16_be) 0xFF : 0xFE: _ -> (2, Just CT.utf16_le) 0xEF : 0xBB: 0xBF : _ -> (3, Just CT.utf8) [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C] -> (0, Just CT.utf32_be) [0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] -> (0, Just CT.utf32_le) [0x00, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x3F] -> (0, Just CT.utf16_be) [0x3C, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00] -> (0, Just CT.utf16_le) _ -> (0, Nothing) -- Assuming UTF-8 checkXMLDecl :: MonadThrow m => S.ByteString -> Maybe CT.Codec -> ConduitT S.ByteString T.Text m () checkXMLDecl bs (Just codec) = leftover bs >> CT.decode codec checkXMLDecl bs0 Nothing = loop [] (AT.parse (parseToken def)) bs0 where loop chunks0 parser nextChunk = case parser $ decodeUtf8With lenientDecode nextChunk of AT.Fail{} -> fallback AT.Partial f -> await >>= maybe fallback (loop chunks f) AT.Done _ (TokenXMLDeclaration attrs) -> findEncoding attrs AT.Done{} -> fallback where chunks = nextChunk : chunks0 fallback = complete CT.utf8 complete codec = mapM_ leftover chunks >> CT.decode codec findEncoding [] = fallback findEncoding ((TName _ "encoding", [ContentText enc]):_) = case T.toLower enc of "iso-8859-1" -> complete CT.iso8859_1 "utf-8" -> complete CT.utf8 _ -> complete CT.utf8 findEncoding (_:xs) = findEncoding xs type EventPos = (Maybe PositionRange, Event) -- | Parses a byte stream into 'Event's. This function is implemented fully in -- Haskell using attoparsec-text for parsing. The produced error messages do -- not give line/column information, so you may prefer to stick with the parser -- provided by libxml-enumerator. However, this has the advantage of not -- relying on any C libraries. -- -- This relies on 'detectUtf' to determine character encoding, and 'parseText' -- to do the actual parsing. parseBytes :: MonadThrow m => ParseSettings -> ConduitT S.ByteString Event m () parseBytes = mapOutput snd . parseBytesPos parseBytesPos :: MonadThrow m => ParseSettings -> ConduitT S.ByteString EventPos m () parseBytesPos ps = detectUtf .| parseTextPos ps dropBOM :: Monad m => ConduitT T.Text T.Text m () dropBOM = await >>= maybe (return ()) push where push t = case T.uncons t of Nothing -> dropBOM Just (c, cs) -> let output | c == '\xfeef' = cs | otherwise = t in yield output >> idConduit idConduit = await >>= maybe (return ()) (\x -> yield x >> idConduit) -- | Parses a character stream into 'Event's. This function is implemented -- fully in Haskell using attoparsec-text for parsing. The produced error -- messages do not give line/column information, so you may prefer to stick -- with the parser provided by libxml-enumerator. However, this has the -- advantage of not relying on any C libraries. -- -- Since 1.2.4 parseText :: MonadThrow m => ParseSettings -> ConduitT T.Text Event m () parseText = mapOutput snd . parseTextPos -- | Same as 'parseText', but includes the position of each event. -- -- Since 1.2.4 parseTextPos :: MonadThrow m => ParseSettings -> ConduitT T.Text EventPos m () parseTextPos de = dropBOM .| tokenize .| toEventC de .| addBeginEnd where tokenize = conduitToken de addBeginEnd = yield (Nothing, EventBeginDocument) >> addEnd addEnd = await >>= maybe (yield (Nothing, EventEndDocument)) (\e -> yield e >> addEnd) toEventC :: Monad m => ParseSettings -> ConduitT (PositionRange, Token) EventPos m () toEventC ps = go [] [] where go !es !levels = await >>= maybe (return ()) push where push (position, token) = mapM_ (yield . (,) (Just position)) events >> go es' levels' where (es', levels', events) = tokenToEvent ps es levels token type DecodeEntities = Text -> Content type DecodeIllegalCharacters = Int -> Maybe Char data ParseSettings = ParseSettings { psDecodeEntities :: DecodeEntities , psRetainNamespaces :: Bool -- ^ Whether the original xmlns attributes should be retained in the parsed -- values. For more information on motivation, see: -- -- -- -- Default: False -- -- Since 1.2.1 , psDecodeIllegalCharacters :: DecodeIllegalCharacters -- ^ How to decode illegal character references (@&#[0-9]+;@ or @&#x[0-9a-fA-F]+;@). -- -- Character references within the legal ranges defined by are automatically parsed. -- Others are passed to this function. -- -- Default: @const Nothing@ -- -- Since 1.7.1 } instance Default ParseSettings where def = ParseSettings { psDecodeEntities = decodeXmlEntities , psRetainNamespaces = False , psDecodeIllegalCharacters = const Nothing } conduitToken :: MonadThrow m => ParseSettings -> ConduitT T.Text (PositionRange, Token) m () conduitToken = conduitParser . parseToken parseToken :: ParseSettings -> Parser Token parseToken settings = (char '<' >> parseLt) <|> TokenContent <$> parseContent settings False False where parseLt = (char '?' >> parseInstr) <|> (char '!' >> (parseComment <|> parseCdata <|> parseDoctype)) <|> parseBegin <|> (char '/' >> parseEnd) parseInstr = do name <- parseIdent if name == "xml" then do as <- A.many $ parseAttribute settings skipSpace char' '?' char' '>' newline <|> return () return $ TokenXMLDeclaration as else do skipSpace x <- T.pack <$> manyTill anyChar (try $ string "?>") return $ TokenInstruction $ Instruction name x parseComment = do char' '-' char' '-' c <- T.pack <$> manyTill anyChar (string "-->") -- FIXME use takeWhile instead return $ TokenComment c parseCdata = do _ <- string "[CDATA[" t <- T.pack <$> manyTill anyChar (string "]]>") -- FIXME use takeWhile instead return $ TokenCDATA t parseDoctype = do _ <- string "DOCTYPE" skipSpace name <- parseName let i = case name of TName Nothing x -> x TName (Just x) y -> T.concat [x, ":", y] skipSpace eid <- fmap Just parsePublicID <|> fmap Just parseSystemID <|> return Nothing skipSpace ents <- (do char' '[' ents <- parseEntities id skipSpace return ents) <|> return [] char' '>' newline <|> return () return $ TokenDoctype i eid ents parseEntities front = (char ']' >> return (front [])) <|> (parseEntity >>= \e -> parseEntities (front . (e:))) <|> (char '<' >> parseEntities front) <|> (skipWhile (\t -> t /= ']' && t /= '<') >> parseEntities front) parseEntity = try $ do _ <- string "' return (i, t) parsePublicID = do _ <- string "PUBLIC" x <- quotedText y <- quotedText return $ PublicID x y parseSystemID = do _ <- string "SYSTEM" x <- quotedText return $ SystemID x quotedText = do skipSpace between '"' <|> between '\'' between c = do char' c x <- takeWhile (/=c) char' c return x parseEnd = do skipSpace n <- parseName skipSpace char' '>' return $ TokenEndElement n parseBegin = do skipSpace n <- parseName as <- A.many $ parseAttribute settings skipSpace isClose <- (char '/' >> skipSpace >> return True) <|> return False char' '>' return $ TokenBeginElement n as isClose 0 parseAttribute :: ParseSettings -> Parser TAttribute parseAttribute settings = do skipSpace key <- parseName skipSpace char' '=' skipSpace val <- squoted <|> dquoted return (key, val) where squoted = char '\'' *> manyTill (parseContent settings False True) (char '\'') dquoted = char '"' *> manyTill (parseContent settings True False) (char '"') parseName :: Parser TName parseName = name <$> parseIdent <*> A.optional (char ':' >> parseIdent) where name i1 Nothing = TName Nothing i1 name i1 (Just i2) = TName (Just i1) i2 parseIdent :: Parser Text parseIdent = takeWhile1 valid where valid '&' = False valid '<' = False valid '>' = False valid ':' = False valid '?' = False valid '=' = False valid '"' = False valid '\'' = False valid '/' = False valid ';' = False valid '#' = False valid c = not $ isXMLSpace c parseContent :: ParseSettings -> Bool -- break on double quote -> Bool -- break on single quote -> Parser Content parseContent (ParseSettings decodeEntities _ decodeIllegalCharacters) breakDouble breakSingle = parseReference <|> parseTextContent where parseReference = do char' '&' t <- parseEntityRef <|> parseHexCharRef <|> parseDecCharRef char' ';' return t parseEntityRef = do TName ma b <- parseName let name = maybe "" (`T.append` ":") ma `T.append` b return $ case name of "lt" -> ContentText "<" "gt" -> ContentText ">" "amp" -> ContentText "&" "quot" -> ContentText "\"" "apos" -> ContentText "'" _ -> decodeEntities name parseHexCharRef = do void $ string "#x" n <- AT.hexadecimal case toValidXmlChar n <|> decodeIllegalCharacters n of Nothing -> fail "Invalid character from hexadecimal character reference." Just c -> return $ ContentText $ T.singleton c parseDecCharRef = do void $ string "#" n <- AT.decimal case toValidXmlChar n <|> decodeIllegalCharacters n of Nothing -> fail "Invalid character from decimal character reference." Just c -> return $ ContentText $ T.singleton c parseTextContent = ContentText <$> takeWhile1 valid valid '"' = not breakDouble valid '\'' = not breakSingle valid '&' = False -- amp valid '<' = False -- lt valid _ = True -- | Is this codepoint a valid XML character? See -- . This is proudly XML 1.0 only. toValidXmlChar :: Int -> Maybe Char toValidXmlChar n | any checkRange ranges = Just (toEnum n) | otherwise = Nothing where --Inclusive lower bound, inclusive upper bound. ranges :: [(Int, Int)] ranges = [ (0x9, 0xA) , (0xD, 0xD) , (0x20, 0xD7FF) , (0xE000, 0xFFFD) , (0x10000, 0x10FFFF) ] checkRange (lb, ub) = lb <= n && n <= ub skipSpace :: Parser () skipSpace = skipWhile isXMLSpace -- | Determines whether a character is an XML white space. The list of -- white spaces is given by -- -- > S ::= (#x20 | #x9 | #xD | #xA)+ -- -- in . isXMLSpace :: Char -> Bool isXMLSpace ' ' = True isXMLSpace '\t' = True isXMLSpace '\r' = True isXMLSpace '\n' = True isXMLSpace _ = False newline :: Parser () newline = void $ (char '\r' >> char '\n') <|> char '\n' char' :: Char -> Parser () char' = void . char data ContentType = Ignore | IsContent Text | IsError String | NotContent -- | Grabs the next piece of content if available. This function skips over any -- comments, instructions or entities, and concatenates all content until the next start -- or end tag. contentMaybe :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe Text) contentMaybe = do x <- peekC case pc' x of Ignore -> dropC 1 >> contentMaybe IsContent t -> dropC 1 >> fmap Just (takeContents (t:)) IsError e -> lift $ throwM $ InvalidEntity e x NotContent -> return Nothing where pc' Nothing = NotContent pc' (Just x) = pc x pc (EventContent (ContentText t)) = IsContent t pc (EventContent (ContentEntity e)) = IsError $ "Unknown entity: " ++ show e pc (EventCDATA t) = IsContent t pc EventBeginElement{} = NotContent pc EventEndElement{} = NotContent pc EventBeginDocument{} = Ignore pc EventEndDocument = Ignore pc EventBeginDoctype{} = Ignore pc EventEndDoctype = Ignore pc EventInstruction{} = Ignore pc EventComment{} = Ignore takeContents front = do x <- peekC case pc' x of Ignore -> dropC 1 >> takeContents front IsContent t -> dropC 1 >> takeContents (front . (:) t) IsError e -> lift $ throwM $ InvalidEntity e x NotContent -> return $ T.concat $ front [] -- | Grabs the next piece of content. If none if available, returns 'T.empty'. -- This is simply a wrapper around 'contentMaybe'. content :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m Text content = fromMaybe T.empty <$> contentMaybe isWhitespace :: Event -> Bool isWhitespace EventBeginDocument = True isWhitespace EventEndDocument = True isWhitespace EventBeginDoctype{} = True isWhitespace EventEndDoctype = True isWhitespace EventInstruction{} = True isWhitespace (EventContent (ContentText t)) = T.all isSpace t isWhitespace EventComment{} = True isWhitespace (EventCDATA t) = T.all isSpace t isWhitespace _ = False -- | The most generic way to parse a tag. It takes a 'NameMatcher' to check whether -- this is a correct tag name, an 'AttrParser' to handle attributes, and -- then a parser to deal with content. -- -- 'Events' are consumed if and only if the tag name and its attributes match. -- -- This function automatically absorbs its balancing closing tag, and will -- throw an exception if not all of the attributes or child elements are -- consumed. If you want to allow extra attributes, see 'ignoreAttrs'. -- -- This function automatically ignores comments, instructions and whitespace. tag :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -- ^ Check if this is a correct tag name -- and return a value that can be used to get an @AttrParser@. -- If this fails, the function will return @Nothing@ -> (a -> AttrParser b) -- ^ Given the value returned by the name checker, this function will -- be used to get an @AttrParser@ appropriate for the specific tag. -- If the @AttrParser@ fails, the function will also return @Nothing@ -> (b -> ConduitT Event o m c) -- ^ Handler function to handle the attributes and children -- of a tag, given the value return from the @AttrParser@ -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe c) tag nameMatcher attrParser f = do (x, leftovers) <- dropWS [] res <- case x of Just (EventBeginElement name as) -> case runNameMatcher nameMatcher name of Just y -> case runAttrParser' (attrParser y) as of Left _ -> return Nothing Right z -> do z' <- f z (a, _leftovers') <- dropWS [] case a of Just (EventEndElement name') | name == name' -> return (Just z') _ -> lift $ throwM $ InvalidEndElement name a Nothing -> return Nothing _ -> return Nothing case res of -- Did not parse, put back all of the leading whitespace events and the -- final observed event generated by dropWS Nothing -> mapM_ leftover leftovers -- Parse succeeded, discard all of those whitespace events and the -- first parsed event Just _ -> return () return res where -- Drop Events until we encounter a non-whitespace element. Return all of -- the events consumed here (including the first non-whitespace event) so -- that the calling function can treat them as leftovers if the parse fails dropWS leftovers = do x <- await let leftovers' = maybe id (:) x leftovers case isWhitespace <$> x of Just True -> dropWS leftovers' _ -> return (x, leftovers') runAttrParser' p as = case runAttrParser p as of Left e -> Left e Right ([], x) -> Right x Right (attr', _) -> Left $ toException $ UnparsedAttributes attr' -- | A simplified version of 'tag' where the 'NameMatcher' result isn't forwarded to the attributes parser. -- -- Since 1.5.0 tag' :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -> AttrParser b -> (b -> ConduitT Event o m c) -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe c) tag' a b = tag a (const b) -- | A further simplified tag parser, which requires that no attributes exist. tagNoAttr :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -- ^ Check if this is a correct tag name -> ConduitT Event o m b -- ^ Handler function to handle the children of the matched tag -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe b) tagNoAttr name f = tag' name (return ()) $ const f -- | A further simplified tag parser, which ignores all attributes, if any exist tagIgnoreAttrs :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -- ^ Check if this is a correct tag name -> ConduitT Event o m b -- ^ Handler function to handle the children of the matched tag -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe b) tagIgnoreAttrs name f = tag' name ignoreAttrs $ const f -- | Ignore an empty tag and all of its attributes. -- This does not ignore the tag recursively -- (i.e. it assumes there are no child elements). -- This function returns @Just ()@ if the tag matched. -- -- Since 1.5.0 ignoreEmptyTag :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -- ^ Check if this is a correct tag name -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe ()) ignoreEmptyTag nameMatcher = tagIgnoreAttrs nameMatcher (return ()) ignored :: Monad m => ConduitT i o m () ignored = fix $ \recurse -> do event <- await case event of Just _ -> recurse _ -> return () -- | Same as `takeTree`, without yielding `Event`s. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreTree "a" ignoreAttrs >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreTree "b" ignoreAttrs >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventContent (ContentText "content"),EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreTree anyName ignoreAttrs >> sinkList) -- [EventContent (ContentText "content"),EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- Since 1.9.0 ignoreTree :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -> AttrParser b -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe ()) ignoreTree nameMatcher attrParser = fuseUpstream (takeTree nameMatcher attrParser) ignored -- | Same as `takeContent`, without yielding `Event`s. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreContent >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventContent (ContentText "content"),EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreContent >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreContent >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- Since 1.9.0 ignoreContent :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe ()) ignoreContent = fuseUpstream takeContent ignored -- | Same as `takeTreeContent`, without yielding `Event`s. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreTreeContent "a" ignoreAttrs >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreTreeContent "b" ignoreAttrs >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventContent (ContentText "content"),EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreTreeContent anyName ignoreAttrs >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- Since 1.5.0 ignoreTreeContent :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -> AttrParser b -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe ()) ignoreTreeContent namePred attrParser = fuseUpstream (takeTreeContent namePred attrParser) ignored -- | Same as `takeAnyTreeContent`, without yielding `Event`s. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| (ignoreAnyTreeContent >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "text" .| (ignoreAnyTreeContent >> sinkList) -- [EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}),EventEndDocument] -- -- Since 1.5.0 ignoreAnyTreeContent :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe ()) ignoreAnyTreeContent = fuseUpstream takeAnyTreeContent ignored -- | Get the value of the first parser which returns 'Just'. If no parsers -- succeed (i.e., return @Just@), this function returns 'Nothing'. -- -- > orE a b = choose [a, b] orE :: Monad m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -- ^ The first (preferred) parser -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -- ^ The second parser, only executed if the first parser fails -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) orE a b = a >>= \x -> maybe b (const $ return x) x -- | Get the value of the first parser which returns 'Just'. If no parsers -- succeed (i.e., return 'Just'), this function returns 'Nothing'. choose :: Monad m => [ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a)] -- ^ List of parsers that will be tried in order. -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -- ^ Result of the first parser to succeed, or @Nothing@ -- if no parser succeeded choose [] = return Nothing choose (i:is) = i >>= maybe (choose is) (return . Just) -- | Force an optional parser into a required parser. All of the 'tag' -- functions, 'attr', 'choose' and 'many' deal with 'Maybe' parsers. Use this when you -- want to finally force something to happen. force :: MonadThrow m => String -- ^ Error message -> m (Maybe a) -- ^ Optional parser to be forced -> m a force msg i = i >>= maybe (throwM $ XmlException msg Nothing) return -- | A helper function which reads a file from disk using 'enumFile', detects -- character encoding using 'detectUtf', parses the XML using 'parseBytes', and -- then hands off control to your supplied parser. parseFile :: MonadResource m => ParseSettings -> FilePath -> ConduitT i Event m () parseFile ps fp = sourceFile fp .| transPipe liftIO (parseBytes ps) -- | Parse an event stream from a lazy 'L.ByteString'. parseLBS :: MonadThrow m => ParseSettings -> L.ByteString -> ConduitT i Event m () parseLBS ps lbs = sourceLazy lbs .| parseBytes ps data XmlException = XmlException { xmlErrorMessage :: String , xmlBadInput :: Maybe Event } | InvalidEndElement Name (Maybe Event) | InvalidEntity String (Maybe Event) | MissingAttribute String | UnparsedAttributes [(Name, [Content])] deriving (Show, Typeable) instance Exception XmlException where #if MIN_VERSION_base(4, 8, 0) displayException (XmlException msg (Just event)) = "Error while parsing XML event " ++ show event ++ ": " ++ msg displayException (XmlException msg _) = "Error while parsing XML: " ++ msg displayException (InvalidEndElement name (Just event)) = "Error while parsing XML event: expected , got " ++ show event displayException (InvalidEndElement name _) = "Error while parsing XML event: expected , got nothing" displayException (InvalidEntity msg (Just event)) = "Error while parsing XML entity " ++ show event ++ ": " ++ msg displayException (InvalidEntity msg _) = "Error while parsing XML entity: " ++ msg displayException (MissingAttribute msg) = "Missing required attribute: " ++ msg displayException (UnparsedAttributes attrs) = show (length attrs) ++ " remaining unparsed attributes: \n" ++ intercalate "\n" (show <$> attrs) #endif -- | A @NameMatcher@ describes which names a tag parser is allowed to match. -- -- Since 1.5.0 newtype NameMatcher a = NameMatcher { runNameMatcher :: Name -> Maybe a } deriving instance Functor NameMatcher instance Applicative NameMatcher where pure a = NameMatcher $ const $ pure a NameMatcher f <*> NameMatcher a = NameMatcher $ \name -> f name <*> a name -- | 'NameMatcher's can be combined with @\<|\>@ instance Alternative NameMatcher where empty = NameMatcher $ const Nothing NameMatcher f <|> NameMatcher g = NameMatcher (\a -> f a <|> g a) -- | Match a single 'Name' in a concise way. -- Note that 'Name' is namespace sensitive: when using the 'IsString' instance, -- use @"{http:\/\/a\/b}c"@ to match the tag @c@ in the XML namespace @http://a/b@ instance (a ~ Name) => IsString (NameMatcher a) where fromString s = matching (== fromString s) -- | @matching f@ matches @name@ iff @f name@ is true. Returns the matched 'Name'. -- -- Since 1.5.0 matching :: (Name -> Bool) -> NameMatcher Name matching f = NameMatcher $ \name -> if f name then Just name else Nothing -- | Matches any 'Name'. Returns the matched 'Name'. -- -- Since 1.5.0 anyName :: NameMatcher Name anyName = matching (const True) -- | Matches any 'Name' from the given list. Returns the matched 'Name'. -- -- Since 1.5.0 anyOf :: [Name] -> NameMatcher Name anyOf values = matching (`elem` values) -- | A monad for parsing attributes. By default, it requires you to deal with -- all attributes present on an element, and will throw an exception if there -- are unhandled attributes. Use the 'requireAttr', 'attr' et al -- functions for handling an attribute, and 'ignoreAttrs' if you would like to -- skip the rest of the attributes on an element. -- -- 'Alternative' instance behaves like 'First' monoid: it chooses first -- parser which doesn't fail. newtype AttrParser a = AttrParser { runAttrParser :: [(Name, [Content])] -> Either SomeException ([(Name, [Content])], a) } instance Monad AttrParser where return a = AttrParser $ \as -> Right (as, a) (AttrParser f) >>= g = AttrParser $ \as -> either Left (\(as', f') -> runAttrParser (g f') as') (f as) instance Functor AttrParser where fmap = liftM instance Applicative AttrParser where pure = return (<*>) = ap instance Alternative AttrParser where empty = AttrParser $ const $ Left $ toException $ XmlException "AttrParser.empty" Nothing AttrParser f <|> AttrParser g = AttrParser $ \x -> either (const $ g x) Right (f x) instance MonadThrow AttrParser where throwM = AttrParser . const . throwM optionalAttrRaw :: ((Name, [Content]) -> Maybe b) -> AttrParser (Maybe b) optionalAttrRaw f = AttrParser $ go id where go front [] = Right (front [], Nothing) go front (a:as) = maybe (go (front . (:) a) as) (\b -> Right (front as, Just b)) (f a) requireAttrRaw :: String -> ((Name, [Content]) -> Maybe b) -> AttrParser b requireAttrRaw msg f = optionalAttrRaw f >>= maybe (AttrParser $ const $ Left $ toException $ MissingAttribute msg) return -- | Return the value for an attribute if present. attr :: Name -> AttrParser (Maybe Text) attr n = optionalAttrRaw (\(x, y) -> if x == n then Just (contentsToText y) else Nothing) -- | Shortcut composition of 'force' and 'attr'. requireAttr :: Name -> AttrParser Text requireAttr n = force ("Missing attribute: " ++ show n) $ attr n {-# DEPRECATED optionalAttr "Please use 'attr'." #-} optionalAttr :: Name -> AttrParser (Maybe Text) optionalAttr = attr contentsToText :: [Content] -> Text contentsToText = T.concat . map toText where toText (ContentText t) = t toText (ContentEntity e) = T.concat ["&", e, ";"] -- | Skip the remaining attributes on an element. Since this will clear the -- list of attributes, you must call this /after/ any calls to 'requireAttr', -- 'optionalAttr', etc. ignoreAttrs :: AttrParser () ignoreAttrs = AttrParser $ const $ Right ([], ()) -- | Keep parsing elements as long as the parser returns 'Just'. many :: Monad m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -> ConduitT Event o m [a] many i = manyIgnore i $ return Nothing -- | Like 'many' but discards the results without building an intermediate list. -- -- Since 1.5.0 many_ :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -> ConduitT Event o m () many_ consumer = manyIgnoreYield (return Nothing) (void <$> consumer) -- | Keep parsing elements as long as the parser returns 'Just' -- or the ignore parser returns 'Just'. manyIgnore :: Monad m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -> ConduitT Event o m (Maybe b) -> ConduitT Event o m [a] manyIgnore i ignored = go id where go front = i >>= maybe (onFail front) (\y -> go $ front . (:) y) -- onFail is called if the main parser fails onFail front = ignored >>= maybe (return $ front []) (const $ go front) -- | Like @many@, but any tags and content the consumer doesn't match on -- are silently ignored. many' :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event o m (Maybe a) -> ConduitT Event o m [a] many' consumer = manyIgnore consumer ignoreAnyTreeContent -- | Like 'many', but uses 'yield' so the result list can be streamed -- to downstream conduits without waiting for 'manyYield' to finish manyYield :: Monad m => ConduitT a b m (Maybe b) -> ConduitT a b m () manyYield consumer = fix $ \loop -> consumer >>= maybe (return ()) (\x -> yield x >> loop) -- | Like 'manyIgnore', but uses 'yield' so the result list can be streamed -- to downstream conduits without waiting for 'manyIgnoreYield' to finish manyIgnoreYield :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event b m (Maybe b) -- ^ Consuming parser that generates the result stream -> ConduitT Event b m (Maybe ()) -- ^ Ignore parser that consumes elements to be ignored -> ConduitT Event b m () manyIgnoreYield consumer ignoreParser = fix $ \loop -> consumer >>= maybe (onFail loop) (\x -> yield x >> loop) where onFail loop = ignoreParser >>= maybe (return ()) (const loop) -- | Like 'many'', but uses 'yield' so the result list can be streamed -- to downstream conduits without waiting for 'manyYield'' to finish manyYield' :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event b m (Maybe b) -> ConduitT Event b m () manyYield' consumer = manyIgnoreYield consumer ignoreAnyTreeContent -- | Stream a single content 'Event'. -- -- Returns @Just ()@ if a content 'Event' was consumed, @Nothing@ otherwise. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Control.Monad (void) -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void takeContent .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument,EventContent (ContentText "content")] -- -- If next event isn't a content, nothing is consumed. -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void takeContent .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument] -- -- Since 1.5.0 takeContent :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event Event m (Maybe ()) takeContent = do event <- await case event of Just e@EventContent{} -> yield e >> return (Just ()) Just e@EventCDATA{} -> yield e >> return (Just ()) Just e -> if isWhitespace e then yield e >> takeContent else leftover e >> return Nothing _ -> return Nothing -- | Stream 'Event's corresponding to a single XML element that matches given 'NameMatcher' and 'AttrParser', from the opening- to the closing-tag. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Control.Monad (void) -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void (takeTree "a" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument,EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventContent (ContentText "content"),EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...})] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void (takeTree "b" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument] -- -- If next 'Event' isn't an element, nothing is consumed. -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "text" .| void (takeTree "a" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument] -- -- If an opening-tag is consumed but no matching closing-tag is found, an 'XmlException' is thrown. -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "" .| void (takeTree "a" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- *** Exception: InvalidEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", nameNamespace = Nothing, namePrefix = Nothing}) Nothing -- -- This function automatically ignores comments, instructions and whitespace. -- -- Returns @Just ()@ if an element was consumed, 'Nothing' otherwise. -- -- Since 1.5.0 takeTree :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -> AttrParser b -> ConduitT Event Event m (Maybe ()) takeTree nameMatcher attrParser = do event <- await case event of Just e@(EventBeginElement name as) -> case runNameMatcher nameMatcher name of Just _ -> case runAttrParser attrParser as of Right _ -> do yield e whileJust takeAnyTreeContent endEvent <- await case endEvent of Just e'@(EventEndElement name') | name == name' -> yield e' >> return (Just ()) _ -> lift $ throwM $ InvalidEndElement name endEvent _ -> leftover e >> return Nothing _ -> leftover e >> return Nothing Just e -> if isWhitespace e then yield e >> takeTree nameMatcher attrParser else leftover e >> return Nothing _ -> return Nothing where whileJust f = fix $ \loop -> f >>= maybe (return ()) (const loop) -- | Like 'takeTree', but can also stream a content 'Event'. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Control.Monad (void) -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void (takeTreeContent "a" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument,EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...}) [],EventContent (ContentText "content"),EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "a", ...})] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void (takeTreeContent "b" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "content" .| void (takeTreeContent "a" ignoreAttrs) .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument,EventContent (ContentText "content")] -- -- Since 1.5.0 takeTreeContent :: MonadThrow m => NameMatcher a -> AttrParser b -> ConduitT Event Event m (Maybe ()) takeTreeContent nameMatcher attrParser = runMaybeT $ MaybeT (takeTree nameMatcher attrParser) <|> MaybeT takeContent -- | Like 'takeTreeContent', without checking for tag name or attributes. -- -- >>> :set -XOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Control.Monad (void) -- >>> import Conduit -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "text" .| void takeAnyTreeContent .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument,EventContent (ContentText "text")] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "" .| void takeAnyTreeContent .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument] -- -- >>> runConduit $ parseLBS def "text" .| void takeAnyTreeContent .| sinkList -- [EventBeginDocument,EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...}) [],EventBeginElement (Name {nameLocalName = "c", ...}) [],EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "c", ...}),EventEndElement (Name {nameLocalName = "b", ...})] -- -- Since 1.5.0 takeAnyTreeContent :: MonadThrow m => ConduitT Event Event m (Maybe ()) takeAnyTreeContent = takeTreeContent anyName ignoreAttrs -- | Default implementation of 'DecodeEntities', which leaves the -- entity as-is. Numeric character references and the five standard -- entities (lt, gt, amp, quot, pos) are handled internally by the -- parser. decodeXmlEntities :: DecodeEntities decodeXmlEntities = ContentEntity -- | HTML4-compliant entity decoder. Handles the additional 248 -- entities defined by HTML 4 and XHTML 1. -- -- Note that HTML 5 introduces a drastically larger number of entities, and -- this code does not recognize most of them. decodeHtmlEntities :: DecodeEntities decodeHtmlEntities t = maybe (ContentEntity t) ContentText $ Map.lookup t htmlEntities htmlEntities :: Map.Map T.Text T.Text htmlEntities = Map.fromList $ map (pack *** pack) -- Work around the long-compile-time bug [ ("nbsp", "\160") , ("iexcl", "\161") , ("cent", "\162") , ("pound", "\163") , ("curren", "\164") , ("yen", "\165") , ("brvbar", "\166") , ("sect", "\167") , ("uml", "\168") , ("copy", "\169") , ("ordf", "\170") , ("laquo", "\171") , ("not", "\172") , ("shy", "\173") , ("reg", "\174") , ("macr", "\175") , ("deg", "\176") , ("plusmn", "\177") , ("sup2", "\178") , ("sup3", "\179") , ("acute", "\180") , ("micro", "\181") , ("para", "\182") , ("middot", "\183") , ("cedil", "\184") , ("sup1", "\185") , ("ordm", "\186") , ("raquo", "\187") , ("frac14", "\188") , ("frac12", "\189") , ("frac34", "\190") , ("iquest", "\191") , ("Agrave", "\192") , ("Aacute", "\193") , ("Acirc", "\194") , ("Atilde", "\195") , ("Auml", "\196") , ("Aring", "\197") , ("AElig", "\198") , ("Ccedil", "\199") , ("Egrave", "\200") , ("Eacute", "\201") , ("Ecirc", "\202") , ("Euml", "\203") , ("Igrave", "\204") , ("Iacute", "\205") , ("Icirc", "\206") , ("Iuml", "\207") , ("ETH", "\208") , ("Ntilde", "\209") , ("Ograve", "\210") , ("Oacute", "\211") , ("Ocirc", "\212") , ("Otilde", "\213") , ("Ouml", "\214") , ("times", "\215") , ("Oslash", "\216") , ("Ugrave", "\217") , ("Uacute", "\218") , ("Ucirc", "\219") , ("Uuml", "\220") , ("Yacute", "\221") , ("THORN", "\222") , ("szlig", "\223") , ("agrave", "\224") , ("aacute", "\225") , ("acirc", "\226") , ("atilde", "\227") , ("auml", "\228") , ("aring", "\229") , ("aelig", "\230") , ("ccedil", "\231") , ("egrave", "\232") , ("eacute", "\233") , ("ecirc", "\234") , ("euml", "\235") , ("igrave", "\236") , ("iacute", "\237") , ("icirc", "\238") , ("iuml", "\239") , ("eth", "\240") , ("ntilde", "\241") , ("ograve", "\242") , ("oacute", "\243") , ("ocirc", "\244") , ("otilde", "\245") , ("ouml", "\246") , ("divide", "\247") , ("oslash", "\248") , ("ugrave", "\249") , ("uacute", "\250") , ("ucirc", "\251") , ("uuml", "\252") , ("yacute", "\253") , ("thorn", "\254") , ("yuml", "\255") , ("OElig", "\338") , ("oelig", "\339") , ("Scaron", "\352") , ("scaron", "\353") , ("Yuml", "\376") , ("fnof", "\402") , ("circ", "\710") , ("tilde", "\732") , ("Alpha", "\913") , ("Beta", "\914") , ("Gamma", "\915") , ("Delta", "\916") , ("Epsilon", "\917") , ("Zeta", "\918") , ("Eta", "\919") , ("Theta", "\920") , ("Iota", "\921") , ("Kappa", "\922") , ("Lambda", "\923") , ("Mu", "\924") , ("Nu", "\925") , ("Xi", "\926") , ("Omicron", "\927") , ("Pi", "\928") , ("Rho", "\929") , ("Sigma", "\931") , ("Tau", "\932") , ("Upsilon", "\933") , ("Phi", "\934") , ("Chi", "\935") , ("Psi", "\936") , ("Omega", "\937") , ("alpha", "\945") , ("beta", "\946") , ("gamma", "\947") , ("delta", "\948") , ("epsilon", "\949") , ("zeta", "\950") , ("eta", "\951") , ("theta", "\952") , ("iota", "\953") , ("kappa", "\954") , ("lambda", "\955") , ("mu", "\956") , ("nu", "\957") , ("xi", "\958") , ("omicron", "\959") , ("pi", "\960") , ("rho", "\961") , ("sigmaf", "\962") , ("sigma", "\963") , ("tau", "\964") , ("upsilon", "\965") , ("phi", "\966") , ("chi", "\967") , ("psi", "\968") , ("omega", "\969") , ("thetasym", "\977") , ("upsih", "\978") , ("piv", "\982") , ("ensp", "\8194") , ("emsp", "\8195") , ("thinsp", "\8201") , ("zwnj", "\8204") , ("zwj", "\8205") , ("lrm", "\8206") , ("rlm", "\8207") , ("ndash", "\8211") , ("mdash", "\8212") , ("lsquo", "\8216") , ("rsquo", "\8217") , ("sbquo", "\8218") , ("ldquo", "\8220") , ("rdquo", "\8221") , ("bdquo", "\8222") , ("dagger", "\8224") , ("Dagger", "\8225") , ("bull", "\8226") , ("hellip", "\8230") , ("permil", "\8240") , ("prime", "\8242") , ("Prime", "\8243") , ("lsaquo", "\8249") , ("rsaquo", "\8250") , ("oline", "\8254") , ("frasl", "\8260") , ("euro", "\8364") , ("image", "\8465") , ("weierp", "\8472") , ("real", "\8476") , ("trade", "\8482") , ("alefsym", "\8501") , ("larr", "\8592") , ("uarr", "\8593") , ("rarr", "\8594") , ("darr", "\8595") , ("harr", "\8596") , ("crarr", "\8629") , ("lArr", "\8656") , ("uArr", "\8657") , ("rArr", "\8658") , ("dArr", "\8659") , ("hArr", "\8660") , ("forall", "\8704") , ("part", "\8706") , ("exist", "\8707") , ("empty", "\8709") , ("nabla", "\8711") , ("isin", "\8712") , ("notin", "\8713") , ("ni", "\8715") , ("prod", "\8719") , ("sum", "\8721") , ("minus", "\8722") , ("lowast", "\8727") , ("radic", "\8730") , ("prop", "\8733") , ("infin", "\8734") , ("ang", "\8736") , ("and", "\8743") , ("or", "\8744") , ("cap", "\8745") , ("cup", "\8746") , ("int", "\8747") , ("there4", "\8756") , ("sim", "\8764") , ("cong", "\8773") , ("asymp", "\8776") , ("ne", "\8800") , ("equiv", "\8801") , ("le", "\8804") , ("ge", "\8805") , ("sub", "\8834") , ("sup", "\8835") , ("nsub", "\8836") , ("sube", "\8838") , ("supe", "\8839") , ("oplus", "\8853") , ("otimes", "\8855") , ("perp", "\8869") , ("sdot", "\8901") , ("lceil", "\8968") , ("rceil", "\8969") , ("lfloor", "\8970") , ("rfloor", "\8971") , ("lang", "\9001") , ("rang", "\9002") , ("loz", "\9674") , ("spades", "\9824") , ("clubs", "\9827") , ("hearts", "\9829") , ("diams", "\9830") ]