| Copyright | © 2017-2019 Francesco Ariis |
|---|---|
| License | GPLv3 (see LICENSE file) |
| Maintainer | Francesco Ariis <fa-ml@ariis.it> |
| Stability | provisional |
| Portability | portable |
| Safe Haskell | None |
| Language | Haskell2010 |
Terminal.Game
Contents
Description
Machinery and utilities for 2D terminal games.
New? Start from Game.
Synopsis
- type FPS = Integer
- data Event
- data Game s = Game {
- gScreenWidth :: Width
- gScreenHeight :: Height
- gFPS :: FPS
- gInitState :: s
- gLogicFunction :: s -> Event -> s
- gDrawFunction :: s -> Plane
- gQuitFunction :: s -> Bool
- playGame :: Game s -> IO ()
- data Timed a
- creaTimer :: a -> a -> Integer -> Timed a
- creaBoolTimer :: Integer -> Timed Bool
- creaTimerLoop :: a -> a -> Integer -> Timed a
- creaBoolTimerLoop :: Integer -> Timed Bool
- type Animation = Timed Plane
- creaAnimation :: [(Integer, Plane)] -> Animation
- creaLoopAnimation :: [(Integer, Plane)] -> Animation
- creaStaticAnimation :: Plane -> Animation
- tick :: Timed a -> Timed a
- ticks :: Integer -> Timed a -> Timed a
- reset :: Timed a -> Timed a
- lapse :: Timed a -> Timed a
- fetchFrame :: Timed a -> a
- isExpired :: Timed a -> Bool
- getFrames :: Timed a -> [(Integer, a)]
- data StdGen
- getStdGen :: IO StdGen
- mkStdGen :: Int -> StdGen
- getRandom :: Random a => (a, a) -> StdGen -> (a, StdGen)
- getRandomList :: Random a => (a, a) -> StdGen -> [a]
- class Random a
- data Plane
- type Coords = (Row, Column)
- type Row = Integer
- type Column = Integer
- type Width = Integer
- type Height = Integer
- blankPlane :: Width -> Height -> Plane
- stringPlane :: String -> Plane
- stringPlaneTrans :: Char -> String -> Plane
- makeTransparent :: Char -> Plane -> Plane
- makeOpaque :: Plane -> Plane
- paperPlane :: Plane -> String
- planeSize :: Plane -> (Width, Height)
- type Draw = Plane -> Plane
- (%) :: Coords -> Plane -> Draw
- (#) :: Plane -> Draw -> Plane
- (&) :: a -> (a -> b) -> b
- mergePlanes :: Plane -> [(Coords, Plane)] -> Plane
- cell :: Char -> Plane
- box :: Char -> Width -> Height -> Plane
- textBox :: String -> Width -> Height -> Plane
- data Color
- data ColorIntensity
- color :: Color -> ColorIntensity -> Plane -> Plane
- bold :: Plane -> Plane
- invert :: Plane -> Plane
- testGame :: Game s -> [Event] -> s
- setupGame :: Game s -> [Event] -> Game s
- recordGame :: Game s -> FilePath -> IO ()
- readRecord :: FilePath -> IO [Event]
- narrateGame :: Game s -> [Event] -> IO s
- errorPress :: IO a -> IO a
Running
Instances
| Eq Event Source # | |
| Show Event Source # | |
| Generic Event Source # | |
| Arbitrary Event Source # | |
| Serialize Event Source # | |
| type Rep Event Source # | |
Defined in Terminal.Game.Layer.Object.Interface type Rep Event = D1 (MetaData "Event" "Terminal.Game.Layer.Object.Interface" "ansi-terminal-game-0.7.2.0-FxT1OqzQYj6EKvqhrF47Ct" False) (C1 (MetaCons "Tick" PrefixI False) (U1 :: Type -> Type) :+: C1 (MetaCons "KeyPress" PrefixI False) (S1 (MetaSel (Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) (Rec0 Char))) | |
Game definition datatype, parametrised on your gamestate. The two
most important elements are the function dealing with logic and the
drawing one. Check alone (you can compile it with cabal
new-run -f examples alone) to see a simple game in action.
Constructors
| Game | |
Fields
| |
playGame :: Game s -> IO () Source #
Entry point for the game execution, should be called in main.
You must compile your programs with -threaded; if you do not do
this the game will crash at start-up. Just add:
ghc-options: -threaded
in your .cabal file and you will be fine!
Game logic
Some convenient function dealing with
Timers (Timed) and Animations.
Usage of these is not mandatry: Game is
parametrised over any state s, you are free
to implement game logic as you prefer.
Timers/Animation
Timers
A timed resource is a timer which, at any given moment, points to a specific item (like an animation).
Example:
timer = creaTimedRes (Times 1 Elapse) [(2, "a "), (1, "b "), (2, "c ")]
test t | isExpired t = putStrLn "Fine."
| otherwise = do putStr (fetchFrame t)
test (tick t)
-- λ> test timer
-- a a b c c Fine.
Instances
creaTimer :: a -> a -> Integer -> Timed a #
A simple off/on timer expiring in fixed number of ticks.
Example:
timer = creaTimer Nothing (Just "Over!") 4
test t | isExpired t = print (fetchFrame t)
| otherwise = do print (fetchFrame t)
test (tick t)
-- λ> test timer
-- Nothing
-- Nothing
-- Nothing
-- Nothing
-- Just "Over"!
creaTimerLoop :: a -> a -> Integer -> Timed a #
A looped version of creaTimer.
creaBoolTimerLoop :: Integer -> Timed Bool #
Shorthand for: creaTimerLoop False True i
Animations
T/A interface
fetchFrame :: Timed a -> a #
Fetches the current resource of the timer.
isExpired :: Timed a -> Bool #
Checks wheter the timer is expired (an expired timer will not
respond to tick).
Random numbers
The StdGen instance of RandomGen has a genRange of at least 30 bits.
The result of repeatedly using next should be at least as statistically
robust as the Minimal Standard Random Number Generator described by
[System.Random, System.Random].
Until more is known about implementations of split, all we require is
that split deliver generators that are (a) not identical and
(b) independently robust in the sense just given.
The Show and Read instances of StdGen provide a primitive way to save the
state of a random number generator.
It is required that read (show g) == g
In addition, reads may be used to map an arbitrary string (not necessarily one
produced by show) onto a value of type StdGen. In general, the Read
instance of StdGen has the following properties:
- It guarantees to succeed on any string.
- It guarantees to consume only a finite portion of the string.
- Different argument strings are likely to result in different results.
getRandomList :: Random a => (a, a) -> StdGen -> [a] Source #
Returns an infinite list of random values.
With a source of random number supply in hand, the Random class allows the
programmer to extract random values of a variety of types.
Instances
Drawing
To get to the gist of drawing, check the
documentation for %.
Plane
A two-dimensional surface (Row, Column) where to blit stuff.
stringPlane :: String -> Plane Source #
stringPlaneTrans :: Char -> String -> Plane Source #
Same as stringPlane, but with transparent Char.
makeTransparent :: Char -> Plane -> Plane Source #
Adds transparency to a plane, matching a given character
makeOpaque :: Plane -> Plane Source #
Changes every transparent cell in the Plane to an opaque ' '
character.
paperPlane :: Plane -> String Source #
A String (n divided and ended) representing the Plane. Useful
for debugging/testing purposes.
Draw
ANSI's eight standard colors. They come in two intensities, which are
controlled by ColorIntensity. Many terminals allow the colors of the
standard palette to be customised, so that, for example,
setSGR [ SetColor Foreground Vivid Green ] may not result in bright green
characters.
data ColorIntensity #
ANSI's standard colors come in two intensities
Instances
Testing
testGame :: Game s -> [Event] -> s Source #
Tests a game in a pure environment. You can
supply the Events yourself or use recordGame to obtain them.
errorPress :: IO a -> IO a Source #
Wraps an IO computation so that any error gets displayed along
with a <press any key to quit> prompt.
Some terminals shut-down immediately upon program end: errorPress
makes it easier to beta-test games on those terminals.
Cross platform
Good practices for cross-compatibility:
- choose game dimensions of no more than 24 rows and 80 columns. This ensures compatibility with the trickiest terminals (i.e. Win32 console);
- use ASCII characters only. Again this is for Win32 console compatibility, until this GHC bug gets fixed;
- employ colour sparingly: as some users will play your game in a light-background terminal and some in a dark one, choose only colours that go well with either (blue, red, etc.);
- some terminals/multiplexers (i.e. tmux) do not make a distinction between vivid/dull; do not base your game mechanics on that difference.