lens-4.2: Lenses, Folds and Traversals

Copyright(C) 2012-14 Edward Kmett
LicenseBSD-style (see the file LICENSE)
MaintainerEdward Kmett <ekmett@gmail.com>
Stabilityprovisional
PortabilityRank2Types
Safe HaskellTrustworthy
LanguageHaskell98

Control.Lens.Fold

Contents

Description

A Fold s a is a generalization of something Foldable. It allows you to extract multiple results from a container. A Foldable container can be characterized by the behavior of foldMap :: (Foldable t, Monoid m) => (a -> m) -> t a -> m. Since we want to be able to work with monomorphic containers, we could generalize this signature to forall m. Monoid m => (a -> m) -> s -> m, and then decorate it with Const to obtain

type Fold s a = forall m. Monoid m => Getting m s a

Every Getter is a valid Fold that simply doesn't use the Monoid it is passed.

In practice the type we use is slightly more complicated to allow for better error messages and for it to be transformed by certain Applicative transformers.

Everything you can do with a Foldable container, you can with with a Fold and there are combinators that generalize the usual Foldable operations here.

Synopsis

Folds

type Fold s a = forall f. (Contravariant f, Applicative f) => (a -> f a) -> s -> f s Source

A Fold describes how to retrieve multiple values in a way that can be composed with other LensLike constructions.

A Fold s a provides a structure with operations very similar to those of the Foldable typeclass, see foldMapOf and the other Fold combinators.

By convention, if there exists a foo method that expects a Foldable (f a), then there should be a fooOf method that takes a Fold s a and a value of type s.

A Getter is a legal Fold that just ignores the supplied Monoid.

Unlike a Traversal a Fold is read-only. Since a Fold cannot be used to write back there are no Lens laws that apply.

type IndexedFold i s a = forall p f. (Indexable i p, Contravariant f, Applicative f) => p a (f a) -> s -> f s Source

Every IndexedFold is a valid Fold and can be used for Getting.

Getting Started

(^..) :: s -> Getting (Endo [a]) s a -> [a] infixl 8 Source

A convenient infix (flipped) version of toListOf.

>>> [[1,2],[3]]^..traverse.traverse
[1,2,3]
>>> (1,2)^..both
[1,2]
toList xs ≡ xs '^..' folded
('^..') ≡ flip toListOf
('^..') :: s -> Getter s a     -> [a]
('^..') :: s -> Fold s a       -> [a]
('^..') :: s -> Lens' s a      -> [a]
('^..') :: s -> Iso' s a       -> [a]
('^..') :: s -> Traversal' s a -> [a]
('^..') :: s -> Prism' s a     -> [a]

(^?) :: s -> Getting (First a) s a -> Maybe a infixl 8 Source

Perform a safe head of a Fold or Traversal or retrieve Just the result from a Getter or Lens.

When using a Traversal as a partial Lens, or a Fold as a partial Getter this can be a convenient way to extract the optional value.

Note: if you get stack overflows due to this, you may want to use firstOf instead, which can deal more gracefully with heavily left-biased trees.

>>> Left 4 ^?_Left
Just 4
>>> Right 4 ^?_Left
Nothing
>>> "world" ^? ix 3
Just 'l'
>>> "world" ^? ix 20
Nothing
('^?') ≡ flip preview
('^?') :: s -> Getter s a     -> Maybe a
('^?') :: s -> Fold s a       -> Maybe a
('^?') :: s -> Lens' s a      -> Maybe a
('^?') :: s -> Iso' s a       -> Maybe a
('^?') :: s -> Traversal' s a -> Maybe a

(^?!) :: s -> Getting (Endo a) s a -> a infixl 8 Source

Perform an *UNSAFE* head of a Fold or Traversal assuming that it is there.

>>> Left 4 ^?! _Left
4
>>> "world" ^?! ix 3
'l'
('^?!') :: s -> Getter s a     -> a
('^?!') :: s -> Fold s a       -> a
('^?!') :: s -> Lens' s a      -> a
('^?!') :: s -> Iso' s a       -> a
('^?!') :: s -> Traversal' s a -> a

pre :: Getting (First a) s a -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a) Source

This converts a Fold to a IndexPreservingGetter that returns the first element, if it exists, as a Maybe.

pre :: Getter s a           -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a)
pre :: Fold s a             -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a)
pre :: Simple Traversal s a -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a)
pre :: Simple Lens s a      -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a)
pre :: Simple Iso s a       -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a)
pre :: Simple Prism s a     -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe a)

ipre :: IndexedGetting i (First (i, a)) s a -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe (i, a)) Source

This converts an IndexedFold to an IndexPreservingGetter that returns the first index and element, if they exist, as a Maybe.

ipre :: IndexedGetter i s a             -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe (i, a))
ipre :: IndexedFold i s a               -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe (i, a))
ipre :: Simple (IndexedTraversal i) s a -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe (i, a))
ipre :: Simple (IndexedLens i) s a      -> IndexPreservingGetter s (Maybe (i, a))

preview :: MonadReader s m => Getting (First a) s a -> m (Maybe a) Source

Retrieve the first value targeted by a Fold or Traversal (or Just the result from a Getter or Lens). See also ('^?').

listToMaybe . toListpreview folded

This is usually applied in the Reader Monad (->) s.

preview = view . pre
preview :: Getter s a     -> s -> Maybe a
preview :: Fold s a       -> s -> Maybe a
preview :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Maybe a
preview :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Maybe a
preview :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Maybe a

However, it may be useful to think of its full generality when working with a Monad transformer stack:

preview :: MonadReader s m => Getter s a     -> m (Maybe a)
preview :: MonadReader s m => Fold s a       -> m (Maybe a)
preview :: MonadReader s m => Lens' s a      -> m (Maybe a)
preview :: MonadReader s m => Iso' s a       -> m (Maybe a)
preview :: MonadReader s m => Traversal' s a -> m (Maybe a)

previews :: MonadReader s m => Getting (First r) s a -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r) Source

Retrieve a function of the first value targeted by a Fold or Traversal (or Just the result from a Getter or Lens).

This is usually applied in the Reader Monad (->) s.

ipreview :: MonadReader s m => IndexedGetting i (First (i, a)) s a -> m (Maybe (i, a)) Source

Retrieve the first index and value targeted by a Fold or Traversal (or Just the result from a Getter or Lens). See also ('^@?').

ipreview = view . ipre

This is usually applied in the Reader Monad (->) s.

ipreview :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> s -> Maybe (i, a)
ipreview :: IndexedFold i s a       -> s -> Maybe (i, a)
ipreview :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> s -> Maybe (i, a)
ipreview :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> s -> Maybe (i, a)

However, it may be useful to think of its full generality when working with a Monad transformer stack:

ipreview :: MonadReader s m => IndexedGetter s a     -> m (Maybe (i, a))
ipreview :: MonadReader s m => IndexedFold s a       -> m (Maybe (i, a))
ipreview :: MonadReader s m => IndexedLens' s a      -> m (Maybe (i, a))
ipreview :: MonadReader s m => IndexedTraversal' s a -> m (Maybe (i, a))

ipreviews :: MonadReader s m => IndexedGetting i (First r) s a -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r) Source

Retrieve a function of the first index and value targeted by an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal (or Just the result from an IndexedGetter or IndexedLens). See also ('^@?').

ipreviews = views . ipre

This is usually applied in the Reader Monad (->) s.

ipreviews :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> r) -> s -> Maybe r
ipreviews :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> r) -> s -> Maybe r
ipreviews :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> r) -> s -> Maybe r
ipreviews :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> r) -> s -> Maybe r

However, it may be useful to think of its full generality when working with a Monad transformer stack:

ipreviews :: MonadReader s m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
ipreviews :: MonadReader s m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
ipreviews :: MonadReader s m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
ipreviews :: MonadReader s m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)

preuse :: MonadState s m => Getting (First a) s a -> m (Maybe a) Source

Retrieve the first value targeted by a Fold or Traversal (or Just the result from a Getter or Lens) into the current state.

preuse = use . pre
preuse :: MonadState s m => Getter s a     -> m (Maybe a)
preuse :: MonadState s m => Fold s a       -> m (Maybe a)
preuse :: MonadState s m => Lens' s a      -> m (Maybe a)
preuse :: MonadState s m => Iso' s a       -> m (Maybe a)
preuse :: MonadState s m => Traversal' s a -> m (Maybe a)

preuses :: MonadState s m => Getting (First r) s a -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r) Source

Retrieve a function of the first value targeted by a Fold or Traversal (or Just the result from a Getter or Lens) into the current state.

preuses = uses . pre
preuses :: MonadState s m => Getter s a     -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
preuses :: MonadState s m => Fold s a       -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
preuses :: MonadState s m => Lens' s a      -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
preuses :: MonadState s m => Iso' s a       -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
preuses :: MonadState s m => Traversal' s a -> (a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)

ipreuse :: MonadState s m => IndexedGetting i (First (i, a)) s a -> m (Maybe (i, a)) Source

Retrieve the first index and value targeted by an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal (or Just the index and result from an IndexedGetter or IndexedLens) into the current state.

ipreuse = use . ipre
ipreuse :: MonadState s m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> m (Maybe (i, a))
ipreuse :: MonadState s m => IndexedFold i s a       -> m (Maybe (i, a))
ipreuse :: MonadState s m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> m (Maybe (i, a))
ipreuse :: MonadState s m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> m (Maybe (i, a))

ipreuses :: MonadState s m => IndexedGetting i (First r) s a -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r) Source

Retrieve a function of the first index and value targeted by an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal (or a function of Just the index and result from an IndexedGetter or IndexedLens) into the current state.

ipreuses = uses . ipre
ipreuses :: MonadState s m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
ipreuses :: MonadState s m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
ipreuses :: MonadState s m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)
ipreuses :: MonadState s m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> r) -> m (Maybe r)

has :: Getting Any s a -> s -> Bool Source

Check to see if this Fold or Traversal matches 1 or more entries.

>>> has (element 0) []
False
>>> has _Left (Left 12)
True
>>> has _Right (Left 12)
False

This will always return True for a Lens or Getter.

>>> has _1 ("hello","world")
True
has :: Getter s a     -> s -> Bool
has :: Fold s a       -> s -> Bool
has :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Bool
has :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Bool
has :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Bool

hasn't :: Getting All s a -> s -> Bool Source

Check to see if this Fold or Traversal has no matches.

>>> hasn't _Left (Right 12)
True
>>> hasn't _Left (Left 12)
False

Building Folds

folding :: (Foldable f, Contravariant g, Applicative g) => (s -> f a) -> LensLike g s t a b Source

Obtain a Fold by lifting an operation that returns a Foldable result.

This can be useful to lift operations from Data.List and elsewhere into a Fold.

>>> [1,2,3,4]^..folding tail
[2,3,4]

ifolding :: (Foldable f, Indexable i p, Contravariant g, Applicative g) => (s -> f (i, a)) -> Over p g s t a b Source

folded :: Foldable f => IndexedFold Int (f a) a Source

Obtain a Fold from any Foldable indexed by ordinal position.

>>> Just 3^..folded
[3]
>>> Nothing^..folded
[]
>>> [(1,2),(3,4)]^..folded.both
[1,2,3,4]

folded64 :: Foldable f => IndexedFold Int64 (f a) a Source

Obtain a Fold from any Foldable indexed by ordinal position.

unfolded :: (b -> Maybe (a, b)) -> Fold b a Source

Build a Fold that unfolds its values from a seed.

unfoldrtoListOf . unfolded
>>> 10^..unfolded (\b -> if b == 0 then Nothing else Just (b, b-1))
[10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1]

iterated :: (a -> a) -> Fold1 a a Source

x '^.' iterated f returns an infinite Fold1 of repeated applications of f to x.

toListOf (iterated f) a ≡ iterate f a

filtered :: (Choice p, Applicative f) => (a -> Bool) -> Optic' p f a a Source

Obtain an AffineFold that can be composed with to filter another Lens, Iso, Getter, Fold (or Traversal).

Note: This is not a legal AffineTraversal, unless you are very careful not to invalidate the predicate on the target.

Note: This is also not a legal Prism, unless you are very careful not to inject a value that matches the predicate.

As a counter example, consider that given evens = filtered even the second Traversal law is violated:

over evens succ . over evens succ /= over evens (succ . succ)

So, in order for this to qualify as a legal AffineTraversal you can only use it for actions that preserve the result of the predicate!

>>> [1..10]^..folded.filtered even
[2,4,6,8,10]

This will preserve an index if it is present.

backwards :: (Profunctor p, Profunctor q) => Optical p q (Backwards f) s t a b -> Optical p q f s t a b Source

This allows you to traverse the elements of a pretty much any LensLike construction in the opposite order.

This will preserve indexes on Indexed types and will give you the elements of a (finite) Fold or Traversal in the opposite order.

This has no practical impact on a Getter, Setter, Lens or Iso.

NB: To write back through an Iso, you want to use from. Similarly, to write back through an Prism, you want to use re.

repeated :: Fold1 a a Source

Form a Fold1 by repeating the input forever.

repeattoListOf repeated
>>> timingOut $ 5^..taking 20 repeated
[5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5]

replicated :: Int -> Fold a a Source

A Fold that replicates its input n times.

replicate n ≡ toListOf (replicated n)
>>> 5^..replicated 20
[5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5]

cycled :: (Contravariant f, Apply f) => LensLike f s t a b -> LensLike f s t a b Source

Transform a non-empty Fold into a Fold1 that loops over its elements over and over.

>>> timingOut $ [1,2,3]^..taking 7 (cycled traverse)
[1,2,3,1,2,3,1]

takingWhile :: (Conjoined p, Applicative f) => (a -> Bool) -> Over p (TakingWhile p f a a) s t a a -> Over p f s t a a Source

Obtain a Fold by taking elements from another Fold, Lens, Iso, Getter or Traversal while a predicate holds.

takeWhile p ≡ toListOf (takingWhile p folded)
>>> timingOut $ toListOf (takingWhile (<=3) folded) [1..]
[1,2,3]
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Fold s a                         -> Fold s a
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Getter s a                       -> Fold s a
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Traversal' s a                   -> Fold s a -- * See note below
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Lens' s a                        -> Fold s a -- * See note below
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Prism' s a                       -> Fold s a -- * See note below
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Iso' s a                         -> Fold s a -- * See note below
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedTraversal' i s a          -> IndexedFold i s a -- * See note below
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedLens' i s a               -> IndexedFold i s a -- * See note below
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedFold i s a                -> IndexedFold i s a
takingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedGetter i s a              -> IndexedFold i s a

Note: When applied to a Traversal, takingWhile yields something that can be used as if it were a Traversal, but which is not a Traversal per the laws, unless you are careful to ensure that you do not invalidate the predicate when writing back through it.

droppingWhile :: (Conjoined p, Profunctor q, Applicative f) => (a -> Bool) -> Optical p q (Compose (State Bool) f) s t a a -> Optical p q f s t a a Source

Obtain a Fold by dropping elements from another Fold, Lens, Iso, Getter or Traversal while a predicate holds.

dropWhile p ≡ toListOf (droppingWhile p folded)
>>> toListOf (droppingWhile (<=3) folded) [1..6]
[4,5,6]
>>> toListOf (droppingWhile (<=3) folded) [1,6,1]
[6,1]
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Fold s a                         -> Fold s a
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Getter s a                       -> Fold s a
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Traversal' s a                   -> Fold s a                -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Lens' s a                        -> Fold s a                -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Prism' s a                       -> Fold s a                -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> Iso' s a                         -> Fold s a                -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexPreservingTraversal' s a    -> IndexPreservingFold s a -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexPreservingLens' s a         -> IndexPreservingFold s a -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexPreservingGetter s a        -> IndexPreservingFold s a
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexPreservingFold s a          -> IndexPreservingFold s a
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedTraversal' i s a          -> IndexedFold i s a       -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedLens' i s a               -> IndexedFold i s a       -- see notes
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedGetter i s a              -> IndexedFold i s a
droppingWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> IndexedFold i s a                -> IndexedFold i s a

Note: Many uses of this combinator will yield something that meets the types, but not the laws of a valid Traversal or IndexedTraversal. The Traversal and IndexedTraversal laws are only satisfied if the new values you assign also pass the predicate! Otherwise subsequent traversals will visit fewer elements and Traversal fusion is not sound.

worded :: Applicative f => IndexedLensLike' Int f String String Source

A Fold over the individual words of a String.

worded :: Fold String String
worded :: Traversal' String String
worded :: IndexedFold Int String String
worded :: IndexedTraversal' Int String String

Note: This function type-checks as a Traversal but it doesn't satisfy the laws. It's only valid to use it when you don't insert any whitespace characters while traversing, and if your original String contains only isolated space characters (and no other characters that count as space, such as non-breaking spaces).

lined :: Applicative f => IndexedLensLike' Int f String String Source

A Fold over the individual lines of a String.

lined :: Fold String String
lined :: Traversal' String String
lined :: IndexedFold Int String String
lined :: IndexedTraversal' Int String String

Note: This function type-checks as a Traversal but it doesn't satisfy the laws. It's only valid to use it when you don't insert any newline characters while traversing, and if your original String contains only isolated newline characters.

Folding

foldMapOf :: Profunctor p => Accessing p r s a -> p a r -> s -> r Source

foldMap = foldMapOf folded
foldMapOfviews
ifoldMapOf l = foldMapOf l . Indexed
foldMapOf ::             Getter s a     -> (a -> r) -> s -> r
foldMapOf :: Monoid r => Fold s a       -> (a -> r) -> s -> r
foldMapOf ::             Lens' s a      -> (a -> r) -> s -> r
foldMapOf ::             Iso' s a       -> (a -> r) -> s -> r
foldMapOf :: Monoid r => Traversal' s a -> (a -> r) -> s -> r
foldMapOf :: Monoid r => Prism' s a     -> (a -> r) -> s -> r
foldMapOf :: Getting r s a -> (a -> r) -> s -> r

foldOf :: Getting a s a -> s -> a Source

fold = foldOf folded
foldOfview
foldOf ::             Getter s m     -> s -> m
foldOf :: Monoid m => Fold s m       -> s -> m
foldOf ::             Lens' s m      -> s -> m
foldOf ::             Iso' s m       -> s -> m
foldOf :: Monoid m => Traversal' s m -> s -> m
foldOf :: Monoid m => Prism' s m     -> s -> m

foldrOf :: Profunctor p => Accessing p (Endo r) s a -> p a (r -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Right-associative fold of parts of a structure that are viewed through a Lens, Getter, Fold or Traversal.

foldrfoldrOf folded
foldrOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf :: Prism' s a     -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf l ≡ foldrOf l . Indexed
foldrOf :: Getting (Endo r) s a -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r

foldlOf :: Getting (Dual (Endo r)) s a -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Left-associative fold of the parts of a structure that are viewed through a Lens, Getter, Fold or Traversal.

foldlfoldlOf folded
foldlOf :: Getter s a     -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf :: Fold s a       -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf :: Lens' s a      -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf :: Iso' s a       -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf :: Traversal' s a -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf :: Prism' s a     -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r

toListOf :: Getting (Endo [a]) s a -> s -> [a] Source

Extract a list of the targets of a Fold. See also ('^..').

toListtoListOf folded
('^..') ≡ flip toListOf

anyOf :: Profunctor p => Accessing p Any s a -> p a Bool -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True if any target of a Fold satisfies a predicate.

>>> anyOf both (=='x') ('x','y')
True
>>> import Data.Data.Lens
>>> anyOf biplate (== "world") (((),2::Int),"hello",("world",11::Int))
True
anyanyOf folded
ianyOf l ≡ allOf l . Indexed
anyOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
anyOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
anyOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
anyOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
anyOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
anyOf :: Prism' s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool

allOf :: Profunctor p => Accessing p All s a -> p a Bool -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True if every target of a Fold satisfies a predicate.

>>> allOf both (>=3) (4,5)
True
>>> allOf folded (>=2) [1..10]
False
allallOf folded
iallOf l = allOf l . Indexed
allOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
allOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
allOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
allOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
allOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
allOf :: Prism' s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool

noneOf :: Profunctor p => Accessing p Any s a -> p a Bool -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True only if no targets of a Fold satisfy a predicate.

>>> noneOf each (is _Nothing) (Just 3, Just 4, Just 5)
True
>>> noneOf (folded.folded) (<10) [[13,99,20],[3,71,42]]
False
inoneOf l = noneOf l . Indexed
noneOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
noneOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
noneOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
noneOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
noneOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
noneOf :: Prism' s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool

andOf :: Getting All s Bool -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True if every target of a Fold is True.

>>> andOf both (True,False)
False
>>> andOf both (True,True)
True
andandOf folded
andOf :: Getter s Bool     -> s -> Bool
andOf :: Fold s Bool       -> s -> Bool
andOf :: Lens' s Bool      -> s -> Bool
andOf :: Iso' s Bool       -> s -> Bool
andOf :: Traversal' s Bool -> s -> Bool
andOf :: Prism' s Bool     -> s -> Bool

orOf :: Getting Any s Bool -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True if any target of a Fold is True.

>>> orOf both (True,False)
True
>>> orOf both (False,False)
False
ororOf folded
orOf :: Getter s Bool     -> s -> Bool
orOf :: Fold s Bool       -> s -> Bool
orOf :: Lens' s Bool      -> s -> Bool
orOf :: Iso' s Bool       -> s -> Bool
orOf :: Traversal' s Bool -> s -> Bool
orOf :: Prism' s Bool     -> s -> Bool

productOf :: Num a => Getting (Endo (Endo a)) s a -> s -> a Source

Calculate the Product of every number targeted by a Fold.

>>> productOf both (4,5)
20
>>> productOf folded [1,2,3,4,5]
120
productproductOf folded

sumOf :: Num a => Getting (Endo (Endo a)) s a -> s -> a Source

Calculate the Sum of every number targeted by a Fold.

>>> sumOf both (5,6)
11
>>> sumOf folded [1,2,3,4]
10
>>> sumOf (folded.both) [(1,2),(3,4)]
10
>>> import Data.Data.Lens
>>> sumOf biplate [(1::Int,[]),(2,[(3::Int,4::Int)])] :: Int
10
sumsumOf folded

This operation may be more strict than you would expect. If you want a lazier version use ala Sum . foldMapOf

sumOf _1 :: Num a => (a, b) -> a
sumOf (folded . _1) :: (Foldable f, Num a) => f (a, b) -> a
sumOf :: Num a => Getter s a     -> s -> a
sumOf :: Num a => Fold s a       -> s -> a
sumOf :: Num a => Lens' s a      -> s -> a
sumOf :: Num a => Iso' s a       -> s -> a
sumOf :: Num a => Traversal' s a -> s -> a
sumOf :: Num a => Prism' s a     -> s -> a

traverseOf_ :: (Profunctor p, Functor f) => Accessing p (Traversed r f) s a -> p a (f r) -> s -> f () Source

Traverse over all of the targets of a Fold (or Getter), computing an Applicative (or Functor)-based answer, but unlike traverseOf do not construct a new structure. traverseOf_ generalizes traverse_ to work over any Fold.

When passed a Getter, traverseOf_ can work over any Functor, but when passed a Fold, traverseOf_ requires an Applicative.

>>> traverseOf_ both putStrLn ("hello","world")
hello
world
traverse_traverseOf_ folded
traverseOf_ _2 :: Functor f => (c -> f r) -> (d, c) -> f ()
traverseOf_ _Left :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Either a c -> f ()
itraverseOf_ l ≡ traverseOf_ l . Indexed

The rather specific signature of traverseOf_ allows it to be used as if the signature was any of:

traverseOf_ :: Functor f     => Getter s a     -> (a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
traverseOf_ :: Applicative f => Fold s a       -> (a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
traverseOf_ :: Functor f     => Lens' s a      -> (a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
traverseOf_ :: Functor f     => Iso' s a       -> (a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
traverseOf_ :: Applicative f => Traversal' s a -> (a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
traverseOf_ :: Applicative f => Prism' s a     -> (a -> f r) -> s -> f ()

forOf_ :: (Profunctor p, Functor f) => Accessing p (Traversed r f) s a -> s -> p a (f r) -> f () Source

Traverse over all of the targets of a Fold (or Getter), computing an Applicative (or Functor)-based answer, but unlike forOf do not construct a new structure. forOf_ generalizes for_ to work over any Fold.

When passed a Getter, forOf_ can work over any Functor, but when passed a Fold, forOf_ requires an Applicative.

for_forOf_ folded
>>> forOf_ both ("hello","world") putStrLn
hello
world

The rather specific signature of forOf_ allows it to be used as if the signature was any of:

iforOf_ l s ≡ forOf_ l s . Indexed
forOf_ :: Functor f     => Getter s a     -> s -> (a -> f r) -> f ()
forOf_ :: Applicative f => Fold s a       -> s -> (a -> f r) -> f ()
forOf_ :: Functor f     => Lens' s a      -> s -> (a -> f r) -> f ()
forOf_ :: Functor f     => Iso' s a       -> s -> (a -> f r) -> f ()
forOf_ :: Applicative f => Traversal' s a -> s -> (a -> f r) -> f ()
forOf_ :: Applicative f => Prism' s a     -> s -> (a -> f r) -> f ()

sequenceAOf_ :: Functor f => Getting (Traversed a f) s (f a) -> s -> f () Source

Evaluate each action in observed by a Fold on a structure from left to right, ignoring the results.

sequenceA_sequenceAOf_ folded
>>> sequenceAOf_ both (putStrLn "hello",putStrLn "world")
hello
world
sequenceAOf_ :: Functor f     => Getter s (f a)     -> s -> f ()
sequenceAOf_ :: Applicative f => Fold s (f a)       -> s -> f ()
sequenceAOf_ :: Functor f     => Lens' s (f a)      -> s -> f ()
sequenceAOf_ :: Functor f     => Iso' s (f a)       -> s -> f ()
sequenceAOf_ :: Applicative f => Traversal' s (f a) -> s -> f ()
sequenceAOf_ :: Applicative f => Prism' s (f a)     -> s -> f ()

mapMOf_ :: (Profunctor p, Monad m) => Accessing p (Sequenced r m) s a -> p a (m r) -> s -> m () Source

Map each target of a Fold on a structure to a monadic action, evaluate these actions from left to right, and ignore the results.

>>> mapMOf_ both putStrLn ("hello","world")
hello
world
mapM_mapMOf_ folded
mapMOf_ :: Monad m => Getter s a     -> (a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
mapMOf_ :: Monad m => Fold s a       -> (a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
mapMOf_ :: Monad m => Lens' s a      -> (a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
mapMOf_ :: Monad m => Iso' s a       -> (a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
mapMOf_ :: Monad m => Traversal' s a -> (a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
mapMOf_ :: Monad m => Prism' s a     -> (a -> m r) -> s -> m ()

forMOf_ :: (Profunctor p, Monad m) => Accessing p (Sequenced r m) s a -> s -> p a (m r) -> m () Source

forMOf_ is mapMOf_ with two of its arguments flipped.

>>> forMOf_ both ("hello","world") putStrLn
hello
world
forM_forMOf_ folded
forMOf_ :: Monad m => Getter s a     -> s -> (a -> m r) -> m ()
forMOf_ :: Monad m => Fold s a       -> s -> (a -> m r) -> m ()
forMOf_ :: Monad m => Lens' s a      -> s -> (a -> m r) -> m ()
forMOf_ :: Monad m => Iso' s a       -> s -> (a -> m r) -> m ()
forMOf_ :: Monad m => Traversal' s a -> s -> (a -> m r) -> m ()
forMOf_ :: Monad m => Prism' s a     -> s -> (a -> m r) -> m ()

sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Getting (Sequenced a m) s (m a) -> s -> m () Source

Evaluate each monadic action referenced by a Fold on the structure from left to right, and ignore the results.

>>> sequenceOf_ both (putStrLn "hello",putStrLn "world")
hello
world
sequence_sequenceOf_ folded
sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Getter s (m a)     -> s -> m ()
sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Fold s (m a)       -> s -> m ()
sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Lens' s (m a)      -> s -> m ()
sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Iso' s (m a)       -> s -> m ()
sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Traversal' s (m a) -> s -> m ()
sequenceOf_ :: Monad m => Prism' s (m a)     -> s -> m ()

asumOf :: Alternative f => Getting (Endo (f a)) s (f a) -> s -> f a Source

The sum of a collection of actions, generalizing concatOf.

>>> asumOf both ("hello","world")
"helloworld"
>>> asumOf each (Nothing, Just "hello", Nothing)
Just "hello"
asumasumOf folded
asumOf :: Alternative f => Getter s (f a)     -> s -> f a
asumOf :: Alternative f => Fold s (f a)       -> s -> f a
asumOf :: Alternative f => Lens' s (f a)      -> s -> f a
asumOf :: Alternative f => Iso' s (f a)       -> s -> f a
asumOf :: Alternative f => Traversal' s (f a) -> s -> f a
asumOf :: Alternative f => Prism' s (f a)     -> s -> f a

msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Getting (Endo (m a)) s (m a) -> s -> m a Source

The sum of a collection of actions, generalizing concatOf.

>>> msumOf both ("hello","world")
"helloworld"
>>> msumOf each (Nothing, Just "hello", Nothing)
Just "hello"
msummsumOf folded
msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Getter s (m a)     -> s -> m a
msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Fold s (m a)       -> s -> m a
msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Lens' s (m a)      -> s -> m a
msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Iso' s (m a)       -> s -> m a
msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Traversal' s (m a) -> s -> m a
msumOf :: MonadPlus m => Prism' s (m a)     -> s -> m a

concatMapOf :: Profunctor p => Accessing p [r] s a -> p a [r] -> s -> [r] Source

Map a function over all the targets of a Fold of a container and concatenate the resulting lists.

>>> concatMapOf both (\x -> [x, x + 1]) (1,3)
[1,2,3,4]
concatMapconcatMapOf folded
concatMapOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
concatMapOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
concatMapOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
concatMapOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
concatMapOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]

concatOf :: Getting [r] s [r] -> s -> [r] Source

Concatenate all of the lists targeted by a Fold into a longer list.

>>> concatOf both ("pan","ama")
"panama"
concatconcatOf folded
concatOfview
concatOf :: Getter s [r]     -> s -> [r]
concatOf :: Fold s [r]       -> s -> [r]
concatOf :: Iso' s [r]       -> s -> [r]
concatOf :: Lens' s [r]      -> s -> [r]
concatOf :: Traversal' s [r] -> s -> [r]

elemOf :: Eq a => Getting Any s a -> a -> s -> Bool Source

Does the element occur anywhere within a given Fold of the structure?

>>> elemOf both "hello" ("hello","world")
True
elemelemOf folded
elemOf :: Eq a => Getter s a     -> a -> s -> Bool
elemOf :: Eq a => Fold s a       -> a -> s -> Bool
elemOf :: Eq a => Lens' s a      -> a -> s -> Bool
elemOf :: Eq a => Iso' s a       -> a -> s -> Bool
elemOf :: Eq a => Traversal' s a -> a -> s -> Bool
elemOf :: Eq a => Prism' s a     -> a -> s -> Bool

notElemOf :: Eq a => Getting All s a -> a -> s -> Bool Source

Does the element not occur anywhere within a given Fold of the structure?

>>> notElemOf each 'd' ('a','b','c')
True
>>> notElemOf each 'a' ('a','b','c')
False
notElemnotElemOf folded
notElemOf :: Eq a => Getter s a     -> a -> s -> Bool
notElemOf :: Eq a => Fold s a       -> a -> s -> Bool
notElemOf :: Eq a => Iso' s a       -> a -> s -> Bool
notElemOf :: Eq a => Lens' s a      -> a -> s -> Bool
notElemOf :: Eq a => Traversal' s a -> a -> s -> Bool
notElemOf :: Eq a => Prism' s a     -> a -> s -> Bool

lengthOf :: Getting (Endo (Endo Int)) s a -> s -> Int Source

Calculate the number of targets there are for a Fold in a given container.

Note: This can be rather inefficient for large containers and just like length, this will not terminate for infinite folds.

lengthlengthOf folded
>>> lengthOf _1 ("hello",())
1
>>> lengthOf traverse [1..10]
10
>>> lengthOf (traverse.traverse) [[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]]
6
lengthOf (folded . folded) :: (Foldable f, Foldable g) => f (g a) -> Int
lengthOf :: Getter s a     -> s -> Int
lengthOf :: Fold s a       -> s -> Int
lengthOf :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Int
lengthOf :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Int
lengthOf :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Int

nullOf :: Getting All s a -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True if this Fold or Traversal has no targets in the given container.

Note: nullOf on a valid Iso, Lens or Getter should always return False.

nullnullOf folded

This may be rather inefficient compared to the null check of many containers.

>>> nullOf _1 (1,2)
False
>>> nullOf ignored ()
True
>>> nullOf traverse []
True
>>> nullOf (element 20) [1..10]
True
nullOf (folded . _1 . folded) :: (Foldable f, Foldable g) => f (g a, b) -> Bool
nullOf :: Getter s a     -> s -> Bool
nullOf :: Fold s a       -> s -> Bool
nullOf :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Bool
nullOf :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Bool
nullOf :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Bool

notNullOf :: Getting Any s a -> s -> Bool Source

Returns True if this Fold or Traversal has any targets in the given container.

A more "conversational" alias for this combinator is has.

Note: notNullOf on a valid Iso, Lens or Getter should always return True.

nullnotNullOf folded

This may be rather inefficient compared to the not . null check of many containers.

>>> notNullOf _1 (1,2)
True
>>> notNullOf traverse [1..10]
True
>>> notNullOf folded []
False
>>> notNullOf (element 20) [1..10]
False
notNullOf (folded . _1 . folded) :: (Foldable f, Foldable g) => f (g a, b) -> Bool
notNullOf :: Getter s a     -> s -> Bool
notNullOf :: Fold s a       -> s -> Bool
notNullOf :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Bool
notNullOf :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Bool
notNullOf :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Bool

firstOf :: Getting (Leftmost a) s a -> s -> Maybe a Source

Retrieve the First entry of a Fold or Traversal or retrieve Just the result from a Getter or Lens.

The answer is computed in a manner that leaks space less than ala First . foldMapOf and gives you back access to the outermost Just constructor more quickly, but may have worse constant factors.

>>> firstOf traverse [1..10]
Just 1
>>> firstOf both (1,2)
Just 1
>>> firstOf ignored ()
Nothing
firstOf :: Getter s a     -> s -> Maybe a
firstOf :: Fold s a       -> s -> Maybe a
firstOf :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Maybe a
firstOf :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Maybe a
firstOf :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Maybe a

lastOf :: Getting (Rightmost a) s a -> s -> Maybe a Source

Retrieve the Last entry of a Fold or Traversal or retrieve Just the result from a Getter or Lens.

The answer is computed in a manner that leaks space less than ala Last . foldMapOf and gives you back access to the outermost Just constructor more quickly, but may have worse constant factors.

>>> lastOf traverse [1..10]
Just 10
>>> lastOf both (1,2)
Just 2
>>> lastOf ignored ()
Nothing
lastOf :: Getter s a     -> s -> Maybe a
lastOf :: Fold s a       -> s -> Maybe a
lastOf :: Lens' s a      -> s -> Maybe a
lastOf :: Iso' s a       -> s -> Maybe a
lastOf :: Traversal' s a -> s -> Maybe a

maximumOf :: Ord a => Getting (Endo (Endo (Maybe a))) s a -> s -> Maybe a Source

Obtain the maximum element (if any) targeted by a Fold or Traversal safely.

Note: maximumOf on a valid Iso, Lens or Getter will always return Just a value.

>>> maximumOf traverse [1..10]
Just 10
>>> maximumOf traverse []
Nothing
>>> maximumOf (folded.filtered even) [1,4,3,6,7,9,2]
Just 6
maximumfromMaybe (error "empty") . maximumOf folded

In the interest of efficiency, This operation has semantics more strict than strictly necessary. rmap getMax (foldMapOf l Max) has lazier semantics but could leak memory.

maximumOf :: Ord a => Getter s a     -> s -> Maybe a
maximumOf :: Ord a => Fold s a       -> s -> Maybe a
maximumOf :: Ord a => Iso' s a       -> s -> Maybe a
maximumOf :: Ord a => Lens' s a      -> s -> Maybe a
maximumOf :: Ord a => Traversal' s a -> s -> Maybe a

minimumOf :: Ord a => Getting (Endo (Endo (Maybe a))) s a -> s -> Maybe a Source

Obtain the minimum element (if any) targeted by a Fold or Traversal safely.

Note: minimumOf on a valid Iso, Lens or Getter will always return Just a value.

>>> minimumOf traverse [1..10]
Just 1
>>> minimumOf traverse []
Nothing
>>> minimumOf (folded.filtered even) [1,4,3,6,7,9,2]
Just 2
minimumfromMaybe (error "empty") . minimumOf folded

In the interest of efficiency, This operation has semantics more strict than strictly necessary. rmap getMin (foldMapOf l Min) has lazier semantics but could leak memory.

minimumOf :: Ord a => Getter s a     -> s -> Maybe a
minimumOf :: Ord a => Fold s a       -> s -> Maybe a
minimumOf :: Ord a => Iso' s a       -> s -> Maybe a
minimumOf :: Ord a => Lens' s a      -> s -> Maybe a
minimumOf :: Ord a => Traversal' s a -> s -> Maybe a

maximumByOf :: Getting (Endo (Endo (Maybe a))) s a -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a Source

Obtain the maximum element (if any) targeted by a Fold, Traversal, Lens, Iso, or Getter according to a user supplied Ordering.

>>> maximumByOf traverse (compare `on` length) ["mustard","relish","ham"]
Just "mustard"

In the interest of efficiency, This operation has semantics more strict than strictly necessary.

maximumBy cmp ≡ fromMaybe (error "empty") . maximumByOf folded cmp
maximumByOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
maximumByOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
maximumByOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
maximumByOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
maximumByOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a

minimumByOf :: Getting (Endo (Endo (Maybe a))) s a -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a Source

Obtain the minimum element (if any) targeted by a Fold, Traversal, Lens, Iso or Getter according to a user supplied Ordering.

In the interest of efficiency, This operation has semantics more strict than strictly necessary.

>>> minimumByOf traverse (compare `on` length) ["mustard","relish","ham"]
Just "ham"
minimumBy cmp ≡ fromMaybe (error "empty") . minimumByOf folded cmp
minimumByOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
minimumByOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
minimumByOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
minimumByOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a
minimumByOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> a -> Ordering) -> s -> Maybe a

findOf :: Conjoined p => Accessing p (Endo (Maybe a)) s a -> p a Bool -> s -> Maybe a Source

The findOf function takes a Lens (or Getter, Iso, Fold, or Traversal), a predicate and a structure and returns the leftmost element of the structure matching the predicate, or Nothing if there is no such element.

>>> findOf each even (1,3,4,6)
Just 4
>>> findOf folded even [1,3,5,7]
Nothing
findOf :: Getter s a     -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
findOf :: Fold s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
findOf :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
findOf :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
findOf :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
findfindOf folded
ifindOf l ≡ findOf l . Indexed

A simpler version that didn't permit indexing, would be:

findOf :: Getting (Endo (Maybe a)) s a -> (a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
findOf l p = foldrOf l (a y -> if p a then Just a else y) Nothing

findMOf :: (Monad m, Conjoined p) => Accessing p (Endo (m (Maybe a))) s a -> p a (m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a) Source

The findMOf function takes a Lens (or Getter, Iso, Fold, or Traversal), a monadic predicate and a structure and returns in the monad the leftmost element of the structure matching the predicate, or Nothing if there is no such element.

>>> findMOf each ( \x -> print ("Checking " ++ show x) >> return (even x)) (1,3,4,6)
"Checking 1"
"Checking 3"
"Checking 4"
Just 4
>>> findMOf each ( \x -> print ("Checking " ++ show x) >> return (even x)) (1,3,5,7)
"Checking 1"
"Checking 3"
"Checking 5"
"Checking 7"
Nothing
findMOf :: (Monad m, Getter s a)     -> (a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
findMOf :: (Monad m, Fold s a)       -> (a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
findMOf :: (Monad m, Iso' s a)       -> (a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
findMOf :: (Monad m, Lens' s a)      -> (a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
findMOf :: (Monad m, Traversal' s a) -> (a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
findMOf folded :: (Monad m, Foldable f) => (a -> m Bool) -> f a -> m (Maybe a)
ifindMOf l ≡ findMOf l . Indexed

A simpler version that didn't permit indexing, would be:

findMOf :: Monad m => Getting (Endo (m (Maybe a))) s a -> (a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
findMOf l p = foldrOf l (a y -> p a >>= x -> if x then return (Just a) else y) $ return Nothing

foldrOf' :: Getting (Dual (Endo (Endo r))) s a -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Strictly fold right over the elements of a structure.

foldr'foldrOf' folded
foldrOf' :: Getter s a     -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf' :: Fold s a       -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf' :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf' :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldrOf' :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r

foldlOf' :: Getting (Endo (Endo r)) s a -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Fold over the elements of a structure, associating to the left, but strictly.

foldl'foldlOf' folded
foldlOf' :: Getter s a     -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf' :: Fold s a       -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf' :: Iso' s a       -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf' :: Lens' s a      -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
foldlOf' :: Traversal' s a -> (r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r

foldr1Of :: Getting (Endo (Maybe a)) s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a Source

A variant of foldrOf that has no base case and thus may only be applied to lenses and structures such that the Lens views at least one element of the structure.

>>> foldr1Of each (+) (1,2,3,4)
10
foldr1Of l f ≡ foldr1 f . toListOf l
foldr1foldr1Of folded
foldr1Of :: Getter s a     -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of :: Fold s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a

foldl1Of :: Getting (Dual (Endo (Maybe a))) s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a Source

A variant of foldlOf that has no base case and thus may only be applied to lenses and structures such that the Lens views at least one element of the structure.

>>> foldl1Of each (+) (1,2,3,4)
10
foldl1Of l f ≡ foldl1 f . toListOf l
foldl1foldl1Of folded
foldl1Of :: Getter s a     -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of :: Fold s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a

foldr1Of' :: Getting (Dual (Endo (Endo (Maybe a)))) s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a Source

A variant of foldrOf' that has no base case and thus may only be applied to folds and structures such that the fold views at least one element of the structure.

foldr1Of l f ≡ foldr1 f . toListOf l
foldr1Of' :: Getter s a     -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of' :: Fold s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of' :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of' :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldr1Of' :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a

foldl1Of' :: Getting (Endo (Endo (Maybe a))) s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a Source

A variant of foldlOf' that has no base case and thus may only be applied to folds and structures such that the fold views at least one element of the structure.

foldl1Of' l f ≡ foldl1' f . toListOf l
foldl1Of' :: Getter s a     -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of' :: Fold s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of' :: Iso' s a       -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of' :: Lens' s a      -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a
foldl1Of' :: Traversal' s a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> a

foldrMOf :: Monad m => Getting (Dual (Endo (r -> m r))) s a -> (a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r Source

Monadic fold over the elements of a structure, associating to the right, i.e. from right to left.

foldrMfoldrMOf folded
foldrMOf :: Monad m => Getter s a     -> (a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldrMOf :: Monad m => Fold s a       -> (a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldrMOf :: Monad m => Iso' s a       -> (a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldrMOf :: Monad m => Lens' s a      -> (a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldrMOf :: Monad m => Traversal' s a -> (a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r

foldlMOf :: Monad m => Getting (Endo (r -> m r)) s a -> (r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r Source

Monadic fold over the elements of a structure, associating to the left, i.e. from left to right.

foldlMfoldlMOf folded
foldlMOf :: Monad m => Getter s a     -> (r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldlMOf :: Monad m => Fold s a       -> (r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldlMOf :: Monad m => Iso' s a       -> (r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldlMOf :: Monad m => Lens' s a      -> (r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
foldlMOf :: Monad m => Traversal' s a -> (r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r

Indexed Folds

(^@..) :: s -> IndexedGetting i (Endo [(i, a)]) s a -> [(i, a)] infixl 8 Source

An infix version of itoListOf.

(^@?) :: s -> IndexedGetting i (Endo (Maybe (i, a))) s a -> Maybe (i, a) infixl 8 Source

Perform a safe head (with index) of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal or retrieve Just the index and result from an IndexedGetter or IndexedLens.

When using a IndexedTraversal as a partial IndexedLens, or an IndexedFold as a partial IndexedGetter this can be a convenient way to extract the optional value.

('^?') :: s -> IndexedGetter i s a     -> Maybe (i, a)
('^?') :: s -> IndexedFold i s a       -> Maybe (i, a)
('^?') :: s -> IndexedLens' i s a      -> Maybe (i, a)
('^?') :: s -> IndexedTraversal' i s a -> Maybe (i, a)

(^@?!) :: s -> IndexedGetting i (Endo (i, a)) s a -> (i, a) infixl 8 Source

Perform an *UNSAFE* head (with index) of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal assuming that it is there.

('^?!') :: s -> IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i, a)
('^?!') :: s -> IndexedFold i s a       -> (i, a)
('^?!') :: s -> IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i, a)
('^?!') :: s -> IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i, a)

Indexed Folding

ifoldMapOf :: IndexedGetting i m s a -> (i -> a -> m) -> s -> m Source

Fold an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal by mapping indices and values to an arbitrary Monoid with access to the i.

When you don't need access to the index then foldMapOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldMapOf l ≡ ifoldMapOf l . const
ifoldMapOf ::             IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> m) -> s -> m
ifoldMapOf :: Monoid m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> m) -> s -> m
ifoldMapOf ::             IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> m) -> s -> m
ifoldMapOf :: Monoid m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> m) -> s -> m

ifoldrOf :: IndexedGetting i (Endo r) s a -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Right-associative fold of parts of a structure that are viewed through an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the i.

When you don't need access to the index then foldrOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldrOf l ≡ ifoldrOf l . const
ifoldrOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r

ifoldlOf :: IndexedGetting i (Dual (Endo r)) s a -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Left-associative fold of the parts of a structure that are viewed through an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the i.

When you don't need access to the index then foldlOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldlOf l ≡ ifoldlOf l . const
ifoldlOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldlOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldlOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldlOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r

ianyOf :: IndexedGetting i Any s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool Source

Return whether or not any element viewed through an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal satisfy a predicate, with access to the i.

When you don't need access to the index then anyOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

anyOf l ≡ ianyOf l . const
ianyOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
ianyOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
ianyOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
ianyOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool

iallOf :: IndexedGetting i All s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool Source

Return whether or not all elements viewed through an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal satisfy a predicate, with access to the i.

When you don't need access to the index then allOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

allOf l ≡ iallOf l . const
iallOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
iallOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
iallOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
iallOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool

inoneOf :: IndexedGetting i Any s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool Source

Return whether or not none of the elements viewed through an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal satisfy a predicate, with access to the i.

When you don't need access to the index then noneOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

noneOf l ≡ inoneOf l . const
inoneOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
inoneOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
inoneOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool
inoneOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Bool

itraverseOf_ :: Functor f => IndexedGetting i (Traversed r f) s a -> (i -> a -> f r) -> s -> f () Source

Traverse the targets of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the i, discarding the results.

When you don't need access to the index then traverseOf_ is more flexible in what it accepts.

traverseOf_ l ≡ itraverseOf l . const
itraverseOf_ :: Functor f     => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
itraverseOf_ :: Applicative f => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
itraverseOf_ :: Functor f     => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> f r) -> s -> f ()
itraverseOf_ :: Applicative f => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> f r) -> s -> f ()

iforOf_ :: Functor f => IndexedGetting i (Traversed r f) s a -> s -> (i -> a -> f r) -> f () Source

Traverse the targets of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the index, discarding the results (with the arguments flipped).

iforOf_flip . itraverseOf_

When you don't need access to the index then forOf_ is more flexible in what it accepts.

forOf_ l a ≡ iforOf_ l a . const
iforOf_ :: Functor f     => IndexedGetter i s a     -> s -> (i -> a -> f r) -> f ()
iforOf_ :: Applicative f => IndexedFold i s a       -> s -> (i -> a -> f r) -> f ()
iforOf_ :: Functor f     => IndexedLens' i s a      -> s -> (i -> a -> f r) -> f ()
iforOf_ :: Applicative f => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> s -> (i -> a -> f r) -> f ()

imapMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedGetting i (Sequenced r m) s a -> (i -> a -> m r) -> s -> m () Source

Run monadic actions for each target of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the index, discarding the results.

When you don't need access to the index then mapMOf_ is more flexible in what it accepts.

mapMOf_ l ≡ imapMOf l . const
imapMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
imapMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
imapMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> m r) -> s -> m ()
imapMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> m r) -> s -> m ()

iforMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedGetting i (Sequenced r m) s a -> s -> (i -> a -> m r) -> m () Source

Run monadic actions for each target of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the index, discarding the results (with the arguments flipped).

iforMOf_flip . imapMOf_

When you don't need access to the index then forMOf_ is more flexible in what it accepts.

forMOf_ l a ≡ iforMOf l a . const
iforMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> s -> (i -> a -> m r) -> m ()
iforMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedFold i s a       -> s -> (i -> a -> m r) -> m ()
iforMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> s -> (i -> a -> m r) -> m ()
iforMOf_ :: Monad m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> s -> (i -> a -> m r) -> m ()

iconcatMapOf :: IndexedGetting i [r] s a -> (i -> a -> [r]) -> s -> [r] Source

Concatenate the results of a function of the elements of an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal with access to the index.

When you don't need access to the index then concatMapOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

concatMapOf l ≡ iconcatMapOf l . const
iconcatMapOfifoldMapOf
iconcatMapOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
iconcatMapOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
iconcatMapOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]
iconcatMapOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> [r]) -> s -> [r]

ifindOf :: IndexedGetting i (Endo (Maybe a)) s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a Source

The ifindOf function takes an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal, a predicate that is also supplied the index, a structure and returns the left-most element of the structure matching the predicate, or Nothing if there is no such element.

When you don't need access to the index then findOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

findOf l ≡ ifindOf l . const
ifindOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
ifindOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
ifindOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a
ifindOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> Bool) -> s -> Maybe a

ifindMOf :: Monad m => IndexedGetting i (Endo (m (Maybe a))) s a -> (i -> a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a) Source

The ifindMOf function takes an IndexedFold or IndexedTraversal, a monadic predicate that is also supplied the index, a structure and returns in the monad the left-most element of the structure matching the predicate, or Nothing if there is no such element.

When you don't need access to the index then findMOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

findMOf l ≡ ifindMOf l . const
ifindMOf :: Monad m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
ifindMOf :: Monad m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
ifindMOf :: Monad m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)
ifindMOf :: Monad m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> m Bool) -> s -> m (Maybe a)

ifoldrOf' :: IndexedGetting i (Dual (Endo (r -> r))) s a -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Strictly fold right over the elements of a structure with an index.

When you don't need access to the index then foldrOf' is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldrOf' l ≡ ifoldrOf' l . const
ifoldrOf' :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf' :: IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf' :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldrOf' :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> r -> r) -> r -> s -> r

ifoldlOf' :: IndexedGetting i (Endo (r -> r)) s a -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r Source

Fold over the elements of a structure with an index, associating to the left, but strictly.

When you don't need access to the index then foldlOf' is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldlOf' l ≡ ifoldlOf' l . const
ifoldlOf' :: IndexedGetter i s a       -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldlOf' :: IndexedFold i s a         -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldlOf' :: IndexedLens' i s a        -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r
ifoldlOf' :: IndexedTraversal' i s a   -> (i -> r -> a -> r) -> r -> s -> r

ifoldrMOf :: Monad m => IndexedGetting i (Dual (Endo (r -> m r))) s a -> (i -> a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r Source

Monadic fold right over the elements of a structure with an index.

When you don't need access to the index then foldrMOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldrMOf l ≡ ifoldrMOf l . const
ifoldrMOf :: Monad m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
ifoldrMOf :: Monad m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
ifoldrMOf :: Monad m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
ifoldrMOf :: Monad m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> a -> r -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r

ifoldlMOf :: Monad m => IndexedGetting i (Endo (r -> m r)) s a -> (i -> r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r Source

Monadic fold over the elements of a structure with an index, associating to the left.

When you don't need access to the index then foldlMOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

foldlMOf l ≡ ifoldlMOf l . const
ifoldlMOf :: Monad m => IndexedGetter i s a     -> (i -> r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
ifoldlMOf :: Monad m => IndexedFold i s a       -> (i -> r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
ifoldlMOf :: Monad m => IndexedLens' i s a      -> (i -> r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r
ifoldlMOf :: Monad m => IndexedTraversal' i s a -> (i -> r -> a -> m r) -> r -> s -> m r

itoListOf :: IndexedGetting i (Endo [(i, a)]) s a -> s -> [(i, a)] Source

Extract the key-value pairs from a structure.

When you don't need access to the indices in the result, then toListOf is more flexible in what it accepts.

toListOf l ≡ map fst . itoListOf l
itoListOf :: IndexedGetter i s a     -> s -> [(i,a)]
itoListOf :: IndexedFold i s a       -> s -> [(i,a)]
itoListOf :: IndexedLens' i s a      -> s -> [(i,a)]
itoListOf :: IndexedTraversal' i s a -> s -> [(i,a)]

Building Indexed Folds

ifiltered :: (Indexable i p, Applicative f) => (i -> a -> Bool) -> Optical' p (Indexed i) f a a Source

Filter an IndexedFold or IndexedGetter, obtaining an IndexedFold.

>>> [0,0,0,5,5,5]^..traversed.ifiltered (\i a -> i <= a)
[0,5,5,5]

Compose with filtered to filter another IndexedLens, IndexedIso, IndexedGetter, IndexedFold (or IndexedTraversal) with access to both the value and the index.

Note: As with filtered, this is not a legal IndexedTraversal, unless you are very careful not to invalidate the predicate on the target!

itakingWhile :: (Indexable i p, Profunctor q, Contravariant f, Applicative f) => (i -> a -> Bool) -> Optical (Indexed i) q (Const (Endo (f s))) s s a a -> Optical p q f s s a a Source

Obtain an IndexedFold by taking elements from another IndexedFold, IndexedLens, IndexedGetter or IndexedTraversal while a predicate holds.

itakingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedFold i s a          -> IndexedFold i s a
itakingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedTraversal' i s a    -> IndexedFold i s a
itakingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedLens' i s a         -> IndexedFold i s a
itakingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedGetter i s a        -> IndexedFold i s a

idroppingWhile :: (Indexable i p, Profunctor q, Applicative f) => (i -> a -> Bool) -> Optical (Indexed i) q (Compose (State Bool) f) s t a a -> Optical p q f s t a a Source

Obtain an IndexedFold by dropping elements from another IndexedFold, IndexedLens, IndexedGetter or IndexedTraversal while a predicate holds.

idroppingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedFold i s a          -> IndexedFold i s a
idroppingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedTraversal' i s a    -> IndexedFold i s a -- see notes
idroppingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedLens' i s a         -> IndexedFold i s a -- see notes
idroppingWhile :: (i -> a -> Bool) -> IndexedGetter i s a        -> IndexedFold i s a

Applying idroppingWhile to an IndexedLens or IndexedTraversal will still allow you to use it as a pseudo-IndexedTraversal, but if you change the value of the targets to ones where the predicate returns True, then you will break the Traversal laws and Traversal fusion will no longer be sound.

Deprecated

headOf :: Getting (First a) s a -> s -> Maybe a Source

Deprecated: headOf will be removed after GHC 7.8 is released. (Use preview or firstOf)

A deprecated alias for firstOf.

Internal types

data Leftmost a Source

Used for preview.

Instances

data Rightmost a Source

Used for lastOf.

Instances

data Traversed a f Source

Used internally by traverseOf_ and the like.

The argument a of the result should not be used!

Instances

data Sequenced a m Source

Used internally by mapM_ and the like.

The argument a of the result should not be used!

Instances

Monad m => Monoid (Sequenced a m) 
Apply m => Semigroup (Sequenced a m) 

Fold with Reified Monoid

foldBy :: Foldable t => (a -> a -> a) -> a -> t a -> a Source

foldByOf :: (forall i. Getting (M a i) s a) -> (a -> a -> a) -> a -> s -> a Source

foldMapBy :: Foldable t => (r -> r -> r) -> r -> (a -> r) -> t a -> r Source

foldMapByOf :: (forall s. Getting (M r s) t a) -> (r -> r -> r) -> r -> (a -> r) -> t -> r Source