Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Catching

catching :: MonadError e m => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r

Catch exceptions that match a given Prism (or any Getter, really).

catching :: MonadError e m => Prism' e a     -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r
catching :: MonadError e m => Lens' e a      -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r
catching :: MonadError e m => Traversal' e a -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r
catching :: MonadError e m => Iso' e a       -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r
catching :: MonadError e m => Getter e a    -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r
catching :: MonadError e m => Fold e a      -> m r -> (a -> m r) -> m r

catching_ :: MonadError e m => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> m r -> m r

Catch exceptions that match a given Prism (or any Getter), discarding the information about the match. This is particularly useful when you have a Prism' e () where the result of the Prism or Fold isn't particularly valuable, just the fact that it matches.

catching_ :: MonadError e m => Prism' e a     -> m r -> m r -> m r
catching_ :: MonadError e m => Lens' e a      -> m r -> m r -> m r
catching_ :: MonadError e m => Traversal' e a -> m r -> m r -> m r
catching_ :: MonadError e m => Iso' e a       -> m r -> m r -> m r
catching_ :: MonadError e m => Getter e a    -> m r -> m r -> m r
catching_ :: MonadError e m => Fold e a      -> m r -> m r -> m r

Handling

handling :: MonadError e m => Getting (First a) e a -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r

A version of catching with the arguments swapped around; useful in situations where the code for the handler is shorter.

handling :: MonadError e m => Prism' e a     -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r
handling :: MonadError e m => Lens' e a      -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r
handling :: MonadError e m => Traversal' e a -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r
handling :: MonadError e m => Iso' e a       -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r
handling :: MonadError e m => Fold e a      -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r
handling :: MonadError e m => Getter e a    -> (a -> m r) -> m r -> m r

handling_ :: MonadError e m => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> m r -> m r

A version of catching_ with the arguments swapped around; useful in situations where the code for the handler is shorter.

handling_ :: MonadError e m => Prism' e a     -> m r -> m r -> m r
handling_ :: MonadError e m => Lens' e a      -> m r -> m r -> m r
handling_ :: MonadError e m => Traversal' e a -> m r -> m r -> m r
handling_ :: MonadError e m => Iso' e a       -> m r -> m r -> m r
handling_ :: MonadError e m => Getter e a    -> m r -> m r -> m r
handling_ :: MonadError e m => Fold e a      -> m r -> m r -> m r

Trying

trying :: MonadError e m => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> m (Either a r)

trying takes a Prism (or any Getter) to select which exceptions are caught If the exception does not match the predicate, it is re-thrown.

trying :: MonadError e m => Prism' e a     -> m r -> m (Either a r)
trying :: MonadError e m => Lens' e a      -> m r -> m (Either a r)
trying :: MonadError e m => Traversal' e a -> m r -> m (Either a r)
trying :: MonadError e m => Iso' e a       -> m r -> m (Either a r)
trying :: MonadError e m => Getter e a    -> m r -> m (Either a r)
trying :: MonadError e m => Fold e a      -> m r -> m (Either a r)

Handlers

catches :: MonadError e m => m a -> [Handler e m a] -> m a

This function exists to remedy a gap between the functionality of Control.Exception and Control.Monad.Error. Control.Exception supplies catches and a notion of Handler, which we duplicate here in a form suitable for working with any MonadError instance.

Sometimes you want to catch two different sorts of error. You could do something like

f = handling _Foo handleFoo (handling _Bar handleBar expr)

However, there are a couple of problems with this approach. The first is that having two exception handlers is inefficient. However, the more serious issue is that the second exception handler will catch exceptions in the first, e.g. in the example above, if handleFoo uses throwError then the second exception handler will catch it.

Instead, we provide a function catches, which would be used thus:

f = catches expr [ handler _Foo handleFoo
                 , handler _Bar handleBar
                 ]

data Handler e m r

You need this when using catches.

Constructors

forall a. Handler (e -> Maybe a) (a -> m r)

Instances

Handleable e m (Handler e m)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

handler :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r

handler_ :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> Handler e m r

Monad m => Functor (Handler e m)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Handler e m a -> Handler e m b

(<$) :: a -> Handler e m b -> Handler e m a

Monad m => Alt (Handler e m)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

(<!>) :: Handler e m a -> Handler e m a -> Handler e m a

some :: Applicative (Handler e m) => Handler e m a -> Handler e m [a]

many :: Applicative (Handler e m) => Handler e m a -> Handler e m [a]

Monad m => Plus (Handler e m)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

zero :: Handler e m a

Monad m => Monoid (Handler e m a)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

mempty :: Handler e m a

mappend :: Handler e m a -> Handler e m a -> Handler e m a

mconcat :: [Handler e m a] -> Handler e m a

Monad m => Semigroup (Handler e m a)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

(<>) :: Handler e m a -> Handler e m a -> Handler e m a

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Handler e m a) -> Handler e m a

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Handler e m a -> Handler e m a

class Handleable e (m :: Type -> Type) (h :: Type -> Type) | h -> e m where

Both exceptions and Control.Exception provide a Handler type.

This lets us write combinators to build handlers that are agnostic about the choice of which of these they use.

Minimal complete definition

handler

Methods

handler :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) e a -> (a -> m r) -> h r

This builds a Handler for just the targets of a given Prism (or any Getter, really).

catches ... [ handler _AssertionFailed (s -> print $ "Assertion Failed\n" ++ s)
            , handler _ErrorCall (s -> print $ "Error\n" ++ s)
            ]

This works ith both the Handler type provided by Control.Exception:

handler :: Getter     SomeException a -> (a -> IO r) -> Handler r
handler :: Fold       SomeException a -> (a -> IO r) -> Handler r
handler :: Prism'     SomeException a -> (a -> IO r) -> Handler r
handler :: Lens'      SomeException a -> (a -> IO r) -> Handler r
handler :: Traversal' SomeException a -> (a -> IO r) -> Handler r

and with the Handler type provided by Control.Monad.Catch:

handler :: Getter     SomeException a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler m r
handler :: Fold       SomeException a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler m r
handler :: Prism'     SomeException a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler m r
handler :: Lens'      SomeException a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler m r
handler :: Traversal' SomeException a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler m r

and with the Handler type provided by Control.Monad.Error.Lens:

handler :: Getter     e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r
handler :: Fold       e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r
handler :: Prism'     e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r
handler :: Lens'      e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r
handler :: Traversal' e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r

handler_ :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> h r

This builds a Handler for just the targets of a given Prism (or any Getter, really). that ignores its input and just recovers with the stated monadic action.

catches ... [ handler_ _NonTermination (return "looped")
            , handler_ _StackOverflow (return "overflow")
            ]

This works with the Handler type provided by Control.Exception:

handler_ :: Getter     SomeException a -> IO r -> Handler r
handler_ :: Fold       SomeException a -> IO r -> Handler r
handler_ :: Prism'     SomeException a -> IO r -> Handler r
handler_ :: Lens'      SomeException a -> IO r -> Handler r
handler_ :: Traversal' SomeException a -> IO r -> Handler r

and with the Handler type provided by Control.Monad.Catch:

handler_ :: Getter     SomeException a -> m r -> Handler m r
handler_ :: Fold       SomeException a -> m r -> Handler m r
handler_ :: Prism'     SomeException a -> m r -> Handler m r
handler_ :: Lens'      SomeException a -> m r -> Handler m r
handler_ :: Traversal' SomeException a -> m r -> Handler m r

and with the Handler type provided by Control.Monad.Error.Lens:

handler_ :: Getter     e a -> m r -> Handler e m r
handler_ :: Fold       e a -> m r -> Handler e m r
handler_ :: Prism'     e a -> m r -> Handler e m r
handler_ :: Lens'      e a -> m r -> Handler e m r
handler_ :: Traversal' e a -> m r -> Handler e m r

Instances

Handleable SomeException IO Handler

Defined in Control.Lens.Internal.Exception

Methods

handler :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) SomeException a -> (a -> IO r) -> Handler r

handler_ :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) SomeException a -> IO r -> Handler r

Typeable m => Handleable SomeException m (Handler m)

Defined in Control.Lens.Internal.Exception

Methods

handler :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) SomeException a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler m r

handler_ :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) SomeException a -> m r -> Handler m r

Handleable e m (Handler e m)

Defined in Control.Monad.Error.Lens

Methods

handler :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) e a -> (a -> m r) -> Handler e m r

handler_ :: Typeable a => Getting (First a) e a -> m r -> Handler e m r

Throwing

throwing :: MonadError e m => AReview e t -> t -> m x

Throw an exception described by a Prism.

throwing l ≡ reviews l throwError

throwing :: MonadError e m => Prism' e t -> t -> m a
throwing :: MonadError e m => Iso' e t   -> t -> m a

throwing_ :: MonadError e m => AReview e () -> m x

Similar to throwing but specialised for the common case of error constructors with no arguments.

data MyError = Foo | Bar
makePrisms ''MyError
throwing_ _Foo :: MonadError MyError m => m a