protolude-0.1.7: A sensible set of defaults for writing custom Preludes.

Functor

Synopsis

# Documentation

class Functor f where #

The Functor class is used for types that can be mapped over. Instances of Functor should satisfy the following laws:

fmap id  ==  id
fmap (f . g)  ==  fmap f . fmap g

The instances of Functor for lists, Maybe and IO satisfy these laws.

Minimal complete definition

fmap

Instances

 Functor [] Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b] #(<$) :: a -> [b] -> [a] # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b #(<$) :: a -> Maybe b -> Maybe a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> IO a -> IO b #(<$) :: a -> IO b -> IO a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> V1 a -> V1 b #(<$) :: a -> V1 b -> V1 a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> U1 a -> U1 b #(<$) :: a -> U1 b -> U1 a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Par1 a -> Par1 b #(<$) :: a -> Par1 b -> Par1 a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Async a -> Async b #(<$) :: a -> Async b -> Async a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Concurrently a -> Concurrently b #(<$) :: a -> Concurrently b -> Concurrently a # Functor Id Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Id a -> Id b #(<$) :: a -> Id b -> Id a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Identity a -> Identity b #(<$) :: a -> Identity b -> Identity a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Min a -> Min b #(<$) :: a -> Min b -> Min a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Max a -> Max b #(<$) :: a -> Max b -> Max a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> First a -> First b #(<$) :: a -> First b -> First a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Last a -> Last b #(<$) :: a -> Last b -> Last a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Option a -> Option b #(<$) :: a -> Option b -> Option a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b #(<$) :: a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Complex a -> Complex b #(<$) :: a -> Complex b -> Complex a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b #(<$) :: a -> ZipList b -> ZipList a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Handler a -> Handler b #(<$) :: a -> Handler b -> Handler a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> STM a -> STM b #(<$) :: a -> STM b -> STM a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Dual a -> Dual b #(<$) :: a -> Dual b -> Dual a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Sum a -> Sum b #(<$) :: a -> Sum b -> Sum a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Product a -> Product b #(<$) :: a -> Product b -> Product a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> First a -> First b #(<$) :: a -> First b -> First a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Last a -> Last b #(<$) :: a -> Last b -> Last a # Functor Put Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Put a -> Put b #(<$) :: a -> Put b -> Put a # Functor Digit Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Digit a -> Digit b #(<$) :: a -> Digit b -> Digit a # Functor Node Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Node a -> Node b #(<$) :: a -> Node b -> Node a # Functor Elem Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Elem a -> Elem b #(<$) :: a -> Elem b -> Elem a # Functor FingerTree Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> FingerTree a -> FingerTree b #(<$) :: a -> FingerTree b -> FingerTree a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Seq a -> Seq b #(<$) :: a -> Seq b -> Seq a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> ViewL a -> ViewL b #(<$) :: a -> ViewL b -> ViewL a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> ViewR a -> ViewR b #(<$) :: a -> ViewR b -> ViewR a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b #(<$) :: a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a # Functor ((->) r) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> (r -> a) -> r -> b #(<$) :: a -> (r -> b) -> r -> a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Either a a -> Either a b #(<$) :: a -> Either a b -> Either a a # Functor f => Functor (Rec1 f) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b #(<$) :: a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Char a -> URec Char b #(<$) :: a -> URec Char b -> URec Char a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Double a -> URec Double b #(<$) :: a -> URec Double b -> URec Double a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Float a -> URec Float b #(<$) :: a -> URec Float b -> URec Float a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Int a -> URec Int b #(<$) :: a -> URec Int b -> URec Int a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Word a -> URec Word b #(<$) :: a -> URec Word b -> URec Word a # Functor (URec (Ptr ())) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> URec (Ptr ()) b #(<$) :: a -> URec (Ptr ()) b -> URec (Ptr ()) a # Functor ((,) a) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> (a, a) -> (a, b) #(<$) :: a -> (a, b) -> (a, a) # Functor (Array i) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Array i a -> Array i b #(<$) :: a -> Array i b -> Array i a # Functor (StateL s) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> StateL s a -> StateL s b #(<$) :: a -> StateL s b -> StateL s a # Functor (StateR s) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> StateR s a -> StateR s b #(<$) :: a -> StateR s b -> StateR s a # Functor (Arg a) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Arg a a -> Arg a b #(<$) :: a -> Arg a b -> Arg a a # Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b #(<$) :: a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a # Arrow a => Functor (ArrowMonad a) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> ArrowMonad a a -> ArrowMonad a b #(<$) :: a -> ArrowMonad a b -> ArrowMonad a a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Proxy * a -> Proxy * b #(<$) :: a -> Proxy * b -> Proxy * a # Functor (State s) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> State s a -> State s b #(<$) :: a -> State s b -> State s a # Functor (Map k) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Map k a -> Map k b #(<$) :: a -> Map k b -> Map k a # Functor (K1 i c) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> K1 i c a -> K1 i c b #(<$) :: a -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c a # (Functor f, Functor g) => Functor ((:+:) f g) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :+: g) a -> (f :+: g) b #(<$) :: a -> (f :+: g) b -> (f :+: g) a # (Functor f, Functor g) => Functor ((:*:) f g) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b #(<$) :: a -> (f :*: g) b -> (f :*: g) a # (Functor f, Functor g) => Functor ((:.:) f g) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b #(<$) :: a -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) a # Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> WrappedArrow a b a -> WrappedArrow a b b #(<$) :: a -> WrappedArrow a b b -> WrappedArrow a b a # Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Const * m a -> Const * m b #(<$) :: a -> Const * m b -> Const * m a # Functor f => Functor (Alt * f) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> Alt * f a -> Alt * f b #(<$) :: a -> Alt * f b -> Alt * f a # Functor m => Functor (ErrorT e m) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b #(<$) :: a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a # Functor f => Functor (M1 i c f) Methodsfmap :: (a -> b) -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b #(<$) :: a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f a #

($>) :: Functor f => f a -> b -> f b infixl 4 # Flipped version of <$.

#### Examples

Replace the contents of a Maybe Int with a constant String:

>>> Nothing $> "foo" Nothing >>> Just 90210$> "foo"
Just "foo"

Replace the contents of an Either Int Int with a constant String, resulting in an Either Int String:

>>> Left 8675309 $> "foo" Left 8675309 >>> Right 8675309$> "foo"
Right "foo"

Replace each element of a list with a constant String:

>>> [1,2,3] $> "foo" ["foo","foo","foo"] Replace the second element of a pair with a constant String: >>> (1,2)$> "foo"
(1,"foo")

Since: 4.7.0.0

(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b infixl 4 # An infix synonym for fmap. The name of this operator is an allusion to$. Note the similarities between their types:

($) :: (a -> b) -> a -> b (<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

Whereas $is function application, <$> is function application lifted over a Functor.

#### Examples

Convert from a Maybe Int to a Maybe String using show:

>>> show <$> Nothing Nothing >>> show <$> Just 3
Just "3"

Convert from an Either Int Int to an Either Int String using show:

>>> show <$> Left 17 Left 17 >>> show <$> Right 17
Right "17"

Double each element of a list:

>>> (*2) <$> [1,2,3] [2,4,6] Apply even to the second element of a pair: >>> even <$> (2,2)
(2,True)

void :: Functor f => f a -> f () #

void value discards or ignores the result of evaluation, such as the return value of an IO action.

#### Examples

Replace the contents of a Maybe Int with unit:

>>> void Nothing
Nothing
>>> void (Just 3)
Just ()

Replace the contents of an Either Int Int with unit, resulting in an Either Int '()':

>>> void (Left 8675309)
Left 8675309
>>> void (Right 8675309)
Right ()

Replace every element of a list with unit:

>>> void [1,2,3]
[(),(),()]

Replace the second element of a pair with unit:

>>> void (1,2)
(1,())

Discard the result of an IO action:

>>> mapM print [1,2]
1
2
[(),()]
>>> void \$ mapM print [1,2]
1
2