| Safe Haskell | Safe-Inferred |
|---|---|
| Language | Haskell2010 |
Freckle.App.Prelude
Description
Those functions and types we can't do without!
Synopsis
- (++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- seq :: forall {r :: RuntimeRep} a (b :: TYPE r). a -> b -> b
- filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- zip :: [a] -> [b] -> [(a, b)]
- print :: Show a => a -> IO ()
- fst :: (a, b) -> a
- snd :: (a, b) -> b
- otherwise :: Bool
- map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
- ($) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b
- fromIntegral :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
- realToFrac :: (Real a, Fractional b) => a -> b
- class Bounded a where
- class Enum a where
- succ :: a -> a
- pred :: a -> a
- toEnum :: Int -> a
- fromEnum :: a -> Int
- enumFrom :: a -> [a]
- enumFromThen :: a -> a -> [a]
- enumFromTo :: a -> a -> [a]
- enumFromThenTo :: a -> a -> a -> [a]
- class Eq a where
- class Fractional a => Floating a where
- class Num a => Fractional a where
- (/) :: a -> a -> a
- recip :: a -> a
- fromRational :: Rational -> a
- class (Real a, Enum a) => Integral a where
- class Applicative m => Monad (m :: Type -> Type) where
- class Functor (f :: Type -> Type) where
- class Num a where
- class Eq a => Ord a where
- class Read a where
- class (Num a, Ord a) => Real a where
- toRational :: a -> Rational
- class (RealFrac a, Floating a) => RealFloat a where
- floatRadix :: a -> Integer
- floatDigits :: a -> Int
- floatRange :: a -> (Int, Int)
- decodeFloat :: a -> (Integer, Int)
- encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> a
- exponent :: a -> Int
- significand :: a -> a
- scaleFloat :: Int -> a -> a
- isNaN :: a -> Bool
- isInfinite :: a -> Bool
- isDenormalized :: a -> Bool
- isNegativeZero :: a -> Bool
- isIEEE :: a -> Bool
- atan2 :: a -> a -> a
- class (Real a, Fractional a) => RealFrac a where
- class Show a where
- class Monad m => MonadFail (m :: Type -> Type) where
- class Functor f => Applicative (f :: Type -> Type) where
- class Foldable (t :: TYPE LiftedRep -> Type) where
- class (Functor t, Foldable t) => Traversable (t :: Type -> Type) where
- traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> t a -> f (t b)
- sequenceA :: Applicative f => t (f a) -> f (t a)
- mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m (t b)
- sequence :: Monad m => t (m a) -> m (t a)
- class Semigroup a where
- (<>) :: a -> a -> a
- class Semigroup a => Monoid a where
- data Bool
- type String = [Char]
- data Char
- data Double
- data Float
- data Int
- data Integer
- data Maybe a
- data Ordering
- type Rational = Ratio Integer
- data IO a
- data Word
- data Either a b
- type FilePath = String
- span :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- error :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => [Char] -> a
- type ShowS = String -> String
- (=<<) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> m a -> m b
- mapM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m ()
- sequence_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t (m a) -> m ()
- id :: a -> a
- either :: (a -> c) -> (b -> c) -> Either a b -> c
- (<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
- const :: a -> b -> a
- (.) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
- writeFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO ()
- readLn :: Read a => IO a
- readIO :: Read a => String -> IO a
- readFile :: FilePath -> IO String
- putStrLn :: String -> IO ()
- putStr :: String -> IO ()
- putChar :: Char -> IO ()
- interact :: (String -> String) -> IO ()
- getLine :: IO String
- getContents :: IO String
- getChar :: IO Char
- appendFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO ()
- ioError :: IOError -> IO a
- type IOError = IOException
- userError :: String -> IOError
- or :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool
- notElem :: (Foldable t, Eq a) => a -> t a -> Bool
- concatMap :: Foldable t => (a -> [b]) -> t a -> [b]
- concat :: Foldable t => t [a] -> [a]
- any :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool
- and :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool
- all :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool
- words :: String -> [String]
- unwords :: [String] -> String
- unlines :: [String] -> String
- lines :: String -> [String]
- reads :: Read a => ReadS a
- readParen :: Bool -> ReadS a -> ReadS a
- lex :: ReadS String
- type ReadS a = String -> [(a, String)]
- odd :: Integral a => a -> Bool
- lcm :: Integral a => a -> a -> a
- gcd :: Integral a => a -> a -> a
- even :: Integral a => a -> Bool
- (^^) :: (Fractional a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
- (^) :: (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
- shows :: Show a => a -> ShowS
- showString :: String -> ShowS
- showParen :: Bool -> ShowS -> ShowS
- showChar :: Char -> ShowS
- zipWith3 :: (a -> b -> c -> d) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d]
- zipWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c]
- zip3 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [(a, b, c)]
- unzip3 :: [(a, b, c)] -> ([a], [b], [c])
- unzip :: [(a, b)] -> ([a], [b])
- takeWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- take :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
- splitAt :: Int -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- scanr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a]
- scanr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b]
- scanl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a]
- scanl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b]
- reverse :: [a] -> [a]
- replicate :: Int -> a -> [a]
- repeat :: a -> [a]
- lookup :: Eq a => a -> [(a, b)] -> Maybe b
- iterate :: (a -> a) -> a -> [a]
- dropWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- drop :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
- break :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- maybe :: b -> (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> b
- uncurry :: (a -> b -> c) -> (a, b) -> c
- curry :: ((a, b) -> c) -> a -> b -> c
- subtract :: Num a => a -> a -> a
- until :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> a) -> a -> a
- flip :: (a -> b -> c) -> b -> a -> c
- asTypeOf :: a -> a -> a
- ($!) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b
- undefined :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => a
- errorWithoutStackTrace :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). [Char] -> a
- (&&) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
- not :: Bool -> Bool
- (||) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
- class Applicative f => Alternative (f :: Type -> Type)
- class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e
- class Generic a
- type HasCallStack = ?callStack :: CallStack
- data HashMap k v
- data HashSet a
- class Eq a => Hashable a
- data Int64
- data Map k a
- class Monad m => MonadIO (m :: Type -> Type)
- class Monad m => MonadReader r (m :: Type -> Type) | m -> r
- class MonadIO m => MonadUnliftIO (m :: Type -> Type)
- data NominalDiffTime
- data NonEmpty a
- class Monad m => PrimMonad (m :: Type -> Type)
- data ReaderT r (m :: Type -> Type) a
- data Set a
- data Text
- data UTCTime
- data Vector a
- lift :: (MonadTrans t, Monad m) => m a -> t m a
- liftIO :: MonadIO m => IO a -> m a
- tshow :: Show a => a -> Text
- pack :: String -> Text
- unpack :: Text -> String
- encodeUtf8 :: Text -> ByteString
- decodeUtf8 :: ByteString -> Text
- catMaybes :: [Maybe a] -> [a]
- fromMaybe :: a -> Maybe a -> a
- isJust :: Maybe a -> Bool
- isNothing :: Maybe a -> Bool
- listToMaybe :: [a] -> Maybe a
- mapMaybe :: (a -> Maybe b) -> [a] -> [b]
- maybeToList :: Maybe a -> [a]
- foldMap1 :: (Foldable1 t, Semigroup m) => (a -> m) -> t a -> m
- fold1 :: (Foldable1 t, Semigroup m) => t m -> m
- tailMay :: [a] -> Maybe [a]
- initMay :: [a] -> Maybe [a]
- headMay :: [a] -> Maybe a
- lastMay :: [a] -> Maybe a
- minimumMay :: Ord a => [a] -> Maybe a
- maximumMay :: Ord a => [a] -> Maybe a
- atMay :: [a] -> Int -> Maybe a
- readMay :: Read a => String -> Maybe a
- cycleMay :: [a] -> Maybe [a]
- partitionEithers :: [Either a b] -> ([a], [b])
- class Foldable (t :: TYPE LiftedRep -> Type) where
- fold :: Monoid m => t m -> m
- foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> t a -> m
- foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> t a -> m
- foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- toList :: t a -> [a]
- null :: t a -> Bool
- length :: t a -> Int
- elem :: Eq a => a -> t a -> Bool
- maximum :: Ord a => t a -> a
- minimum :: Ord a => t a -> a
- sum :: Num a => t a -> a
- product :: Num a => t a -> a
- forM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t a -> (a -> m b) -> m ()
- mapM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m ()
- msum :: (Foldable t, MonadPlus m) => t (m a) -> m a
- sequence_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t (m a) -> m ()
- traverse_ :: (Foldable t, Applicative f) => (a -> f b) -> t a -> f ()
- sequenceA_ :: (Foldable t, Applicative f) => t (f a) -> f ()
- or :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool
- notElem :: (Foldable t, Eq a) => a -> t a -> Bool
- minimumBy :: Foldable t => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> t a -> a
- maximumBy :: Foldable t => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> t a -> a
- for_ :: (Foldable t, Applicative f) => t a -> (a -> f b) -> f ()
- foldrM :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (a -> b -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m b
- foldlM :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (b -> a -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m b
- find :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Maybe a
- concatMap :: Foldable t => (a -> [b]) -> t a -> [b]
- concat :: Foldable t => t [a] -> [a]
- asum :: (Foldable t, Alternative f) => t (f a) -> f a
- any :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool
- and :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool
- all :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool
- module Data.Traversable
- (<$$>) :: (Functor c, Functor d) => (a -> b) -> c (d a) -> c (d b)
- bimap :: Bifunctor p => (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> p a c -> p b d
- first :: Bifunctor p => (a -> b) -> p a c -> p b c
- second :: Bifunctor p => (b -> c) -> p a b -> p a c
- (<|>) :: Alternative f => f a -> f a -> f a
- liftA2 :: Applicative f => (a -> b -> c) -> f a -> f b -> f c
- optional :: Alternative f => f a -> f (Maybe a)
- (<=<) :: Monad m => (b -> m c) -> (a -> m b) -> a -> m c
- (>=>) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (b -> m c) -> a -> m c
- guard :: Alternative f => Bool -> f ()
- join :: Monad m => m (m a) -> m a
- unless :: Applicative f => Bool -> f () -> f ()
- void :: Functor f => f a -> f ()
- when :: Applicative f => Bool -> f () -> f ()
- (&&&) :: Arrow a => a b c -> a b c' -> a b (c, c')
- (***) :: Arrow a => a b c -> a b' c' -> a (b, b') (c, c')
- getCurrentTime :: IO UTCTime
Documentation
(++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] infixr 5 #
Append two lists, i.e.,
[x1, ..., xm] ++ [y1, ..., yn] == [x1, ..., xm, y1, ..., yn] [x1, ..., xm] ++ [y1, ...] == [x1, ..., xm, y1, ...]
If the first list is not finite, the result is the first list.
seq :: forall {r :: RuntimeRep} a (b :: TYPE r). a -> b -> b infixr 0 #
The value of seq a b is bottom if a is bottom, and
otherwise equal to b. In other words, it evaluates the first
argument a to weak head normal form (WHNF). seq is usually
introduced to improve performance by avoiding unneeded laziness.
A note on evaluation order: the expression seq a b does
not guarantee that a will be evaluated before b.
The only guarantee given by seq is that the both a
and b will be evaluated before seq returns a value.
In particular, this means that b may be evaluated before
a. If you need to guarantee a specific order of evaluation,
you must use the function pseq from the "parallel" package.
filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] #
\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). filter, applied to a predicate and a list, returns
the list of those elements that satisfy the predicate; i.e.,
filter p xs = [ x | x <- xs, p x]
>>>filter odd [1, 2, 3][1,3]
zip :: [a] -> [b] -> [(a, b)] #
\(\mathcal{O}(\min(m,n))\). zip takes two lists and returns a list of
corresponding pairs.
>>>zip [1, 2] ['a', 'b'][(1,'a'),(2,'b')]
If one input list is shorter than the other, excess elements of the longer list are discarded, even if one of the lists is infinite:
>>>zip [1] ['a', 'b'][(1,'a')]>>>zip [1, 2] ['a'][(1,'a')]>>>zip [] [1..][]>>>zip [1..] [][]
zip is right-lazy:
>>>zip [] undefined[]>>>zip undefined []*** Exception: Prelude.undefined ...
zip is capable of list fusion, but it is restricted to its
first list argument and its resulting list.
print :: Show a => a -> IO () #
The print function outputs a value of any printable type to the
standard output device.
Printable types are those that are instances of class Show; print
converts values to strings for output using the show operation and
adds a newline.
For example, a program to print the first 20 integers and their powers of 2 could be written as:
main = print ([(n, 2^n) | n <- [0..19]])
map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b] #
\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). map f xs is the list obtained by applying f to
each element of xs, i.e.,
map f [x1, x2, ..., xn] == [f x1, f x2, ..., f xn] map f [x1, x2, ...] == [f x1, f x2, ...]
>>>map (+1) [1, 2, 3][2,3,4]
($) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b infixr 0 #
Application operator. This operator is redundant, since ordinary
application (f x) means the same as (f . However, $ x)$ has
low, right-associative binding precedence, so it sometimes allows
parentheses to be omitted; for example:
f $ g $ h x = f (g (h x))
It is also useful in higher-order situations, such as map ($ 0) xszipWith ($) fs xs
Note that ( is levity-polymorphic in its result type, so that
$)foo where $ Truefoo :: Bool -> Int# is well-typed.
fromIntegral :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b #
general coercion from integral types
realToFrac :: (Real a, Fractional b) => a -> b #
general coercion to fractional types
The Bounded class is used to name the upper and lower limits of a
type. Ord is not a superclass of Bounded since types that are not
totally ordered may also have upper and lower bounds.
The Bounded class may be derived for any enumeration type;
minBound is the first constructor listed in the data declaration
and maxBound is the last.
Bounded may also be derived for single-constructor datatypes whose
constituent types are in Bounded.
Instances
| Bounded All | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Any | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded ByteOrder | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
| Bounded Associativity | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
| Bounded DecidedStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
| Bounded SourceStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
| Bounded SourceUnpackedness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
| Bounded Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded GeneralCategory | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Unicode | |
| Bounded Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Encoding | |
| Bounded UTF32_Invalid | |
Defined in Basement.String.Encoding.UTF32 | |
| Bounded TimeSpec | |
| Bounded Extension | |
| Bounded Ordering | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded FailOn | |
Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Config.Definition | |
| Bounded StdMethod | |
| Bounded Status | |
| Bounded IPv4 | |
| Bounded IPv6 | |
| Bounded PortNumber | |
Defined in Network.Socket.Types | |
| Bounded VarType | |
| Bounded CompressionStrategy | |
Defined in Codec.Compression.Zlib.Stream | |
| Bounded Format | |
| Bounded Method | |
| Bounded () | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Bool | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Char | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Int | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded Levity | Since: base-4.16.0.0 |
| Bounded VecCount | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
| Bounded VecElem | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
| Bounded Word | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Identity a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Down a) | Swaps Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Max a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Min a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
| Bounded m => Bounded (WrappedMonoid m) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Dual a) | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
| SizeValid n => Bounded (Bits n) | |
| (BackendCompatible b s, Bounded (BackendKey b)) => Bounded (BackendKey (Compatible b s)) | |
Defined in Database.Persist.Compatible.Types | |
| (PersistCore b, PersistCore (RawPostgresql b), Bounded (BackendKey b)) => Bounded (BackendKey (RawPostgresql b)) | |
Defined in Database.Persist.Postgresql | |
| Bounded a => Bounded (a) | |
| Bounded (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b) => Bounded (Pair a b) | |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b) => Bounded (a, b) | Since: base-2.1 |
| Bounded a => Bounded (Const a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
| (Applicative f, Bounded a) => Bounded (Ap f a) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
| a ~ b => Bounded (a :~: b) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
| Bounded b => Bounded (Tagged s b) | |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c) => Bounded (a, b, c) | Since: base-2.1 |
| a ~~ b => Bounded (a :~~: b) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d) => Bounded (a, b, c, d) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m, Bounded n) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) | Since: base-2.1 |
| (Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m, Bounded n, Bounded o) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) | Since: base-2.1 |
Class Enum defines operations on sequentially ordered types.
The enumFrom... methods are used in Haskell's translation of
arithmetic sequences.
Instances of Enum may be derived for any enumeration type (types
whose constructors have no fields). The nullary constructors are
assumed to be numbered left-to-right by fromEnum from 0 through n-1.
See Chapter 10 of the Haskell Report for more details.
For any type that is an instance of class Bounded as well as Enum,
the following should hold:
- The calls
succmaxBoundpredminBound fromEnumandtoEnumshould give a runtime error if the result value is not representable in the result type. For example,toEnum7 ::BoolenumFromandenumFromThenshould be defined with an implicit bound, thus:
enumFrom x = enumFromTo x maxBound
enumFromThen x y = enumFromThenTo x y bound
where
bound | fromEnum y >= fromEnum x = maxBound
| otherwise = minBoundMethods
the successor of a value. For numeric types, succ adds 1.
the predecessor of a value. For numeric types, pred subtracts 1.
Convert from an Int.
Convert to an Int.
It is implementation-dependent what fromEnum returns when
applied to a value that is too large to fit in an Int.
Used in Haskell's translation of [n..] with [n..] = enumFrom n,
a possible implementation being enumFrom n = n : enumFrom (succ n).
For example:
enumFrom 4 :: [Integer] = [4,5,6,7,...]
enumFrom 6 :: [Int] = [6,7,8,9,...,maxBound :: Int]
enumFromThen :: a -> a -> [a] #
Used in Haskell's translation of [n,n'..]
with [n,n'..] = enumFromThen n n', a possible implementation being
enumFromThen n n' = n : n' : worker (f x) (f x n'),
worker s v = v : worker s (s v), x = fromEnum n' - fromEnum n and
f n y
| n > 0 = f (n - 1) (succ y)
| n < 0 = f (n + 1) (pred y)
| otherwise = y
For example:
enumFromThen 4 6 :: [Integer] = [4,6,8,10...]
enumFromThen 6 2 :: [Int] = [6,2,-2,-6,...,minBound :: Int]
enumFromTo :: a -> a -> [a] #
Used in Haskell's translation of [n..m] with
[n..m] = enumFromTo n m, a possible implementation being
enumFromTo n m
| n <= m = n : enumFromTo (succ n) m
| otherwise = [].
For example:
enumFromTo 6 10 :: [Int] = [6,7,8,9,10]
enumFromTo 42 1 :: [Integer] = []
enumFromThenTo :: a -> a -> a -> [a] #
Used in Haskell's translation of [n,n'..m] with
[n,n'..m] = enumFromThenTo n n' m, a possible implementation
being enumFromThenTo n n' m = worker (f x) (c x) n m,
x = fromEnum n' - fromEnum n, c x = bool (>=) ((x 0)
f n y
| n > 0 = f (n - 1) (succ y)
| n < 0 = f (n + 1) (pred y)
| otherwise = y and
worker s c v m
| c v m = v : worker s c (s v) m
| otherwise = []
For example:
enumFromThenTo 4 2 -6 :: [Integer] = [4,2,0,-2,-4,-6]
enumFromThenTo 6 8 2 :: [Int] = []
Instances
The Eq class defines equality (==) and inequality (/=).
All the basic datatypes exported by the Prelude are instances of Eq,
and Eq may be derived for any datatype whose constituents are also
instances of Eq.
The Haskell Report defines no laws for Eq. However, instances are
encouraged to follow these properties: